16,276 research outputs found
Renormalization programme for effective theories
We summarize our latest developments in perturbative treating the effective
theories of strong interactions. We discuss the principles of constructing the
mathematically correct expressions for the S-matrix elements at a given loop
order and briefly review the renormalization procedure. This talk shall provide
the philosophical basement as well as serve as an introduction for the material
presented at this conference by A. Vereshagin and K. Semenov-Tian-Shansky.Comment: 6 pages, talk given at HSQCD 2004, Russia, May 2004, to be published
in Proceeding
Bootstrap and the Parameters of Pion-Nucleon Resonances
In this talk we demonstrate the results of application of the perturbative
effective theory formalism developed in recent papers to the calculation of
elastic scattering amplitude. Restrictions on the contributing
resonance parameters are obtained and the low energy coefficients are
calculated.Comment: 6 pages, talk given at the X. International Conference On Hadron
Spectroscopy (HADRON'03), August 31 - September 6, 2003, Aschaffenburg,
Germany; to appear in Proceeding
Localizable Effective Theories, Bootstrap and the Parameters of Hadron Resonances
We discuss the basic principles of constructing a meaningful perturbative
scheme for effective theory. The main goal of this talk is to explain the
approach and to present recent results obtained with the help of the method of
Cauchy forms in several complex variables.Comment: 6 pages, Talk given at the X. International Conference On Hadron
spectroscopy (HADRON'03), August 31 - September 6, 2003, Aschaffenburg,
Germany; to appear in Proceeding
Bootstrap and the physical values of resonance parameters
This is the 6th paper in the series developing the formalism to manage the
effective scattering theory of strong interactions. Relying on the theoretical
scheme suggested in our previous publications we concentrate here on the
practical aspect and apply our technique to the elastic pion-nucleon scattering
amplitude. We test numerically the pion-nucleon spectrum sum rules that follow
from the tree level bootstrap constraints. We show how these constraints can be
used to estimate the tensor and vector coupling constants. At last, we
demonstrate that the tree-level low energy expansion coefficients computed in
the framework of our approach show nice agreement with known experimental data.
These results allow us to claim that the extended perturbation scheme is quite
reasonable from the computational point of view.Comment: 41 pages, 7 figure
A consistent model for \pi N transition distribution amplitudes and backward pion electroproduction
The extension of the concept of generalized parton distributions leads to the
introduction of baryon to meson transition distribution amplitudes (TDAs),
non-diagonal matrix elements of the nonlocal three quark operator between a
nucleon and a meson state. We present a general framework for modelling nucleon
to pion () TDAs. Our main tool is the spectral representation for \pi N
TDAs in terms of quadruple distributions. We propose a factorized Ansatz for
quadruple distributions with input from the soft-pion theorem for \pi N TDAs.
The spectral representation is complemented with a D-term like contribution
from the nucleon exchange in the cross channel. We then study backward pion
electroproduction in the QCD collinear factorization approach in which the
non-perturbative part of the amplitude involves \pi N TDAs. Within our two
component model for \pi N TDAs we update previous leading-twist estimates of
the unpolarized cross section. Finally, we compute the transverse target single
spin asymmetry as a function of skewness. We find it to be sizable in the
valence region and sensitive to the phenomenological input of our \pi N TDA
model.Comment: 39 pages, 9 figure
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Room-Temperature Power-Stabilized Narrow-Linewidth Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Based on Cascaded Mach-Zehnder Interferometers with Different Free Spectral Range for Strain Sensing
An automatically power-stabilized (with power fluctuation <0.155 dB), narrow-linewidth (0.0171 nm), wavelength-tunable (10.69 nm) erbium-doped fiber laser has been proposed by cascading two fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI) without using any temperature controlling device. One of the MZIs (here called the 1st MZI) is composed of two 3 dB couplers to form interference patterns while the other MZI (here termed the 2nd MZI) is constructed with a tapered seven-core fiber (SCF) and based on the principle of supermode interference. For the two MZIs, the free spectral range (FSR), the passband bandwidth and the extinction ratio (ER) at 1560 nm are 0.37 nm, 0.19 nm, 16.6 dB and 13.93 nm, 7.93 nm, 10.1 dB, respectively. Due to the major difference between the two FSR values, the 1st MZI and the 2nd MZI respectively play a role in controlling the laser linewidth and suppressing the homogeneous broadening effect to reach to a satisfactory level of power stability. The 2nd MZI is also used to fine tune the laser wavelength by applying strain to the tapered SCF (TSCF) over the spectral range of 1570.22-1559.33 nm, with an incremental step of 0.37 nm being used. The side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of the tunable fiber laser can be up to 45 dB. By appropriately adjusting the polarization controller, dual wavelength lasing can also be achieved. For single wavelength lasing, the 3 dB laser linewidth is 0.0171 nm. The power fluctuation, without a temperature controlling device being used and operating at room temperature, is found to be less than 0.155 dB over 1 hour while the central wavelength drift is less than 0.19 nm
The Structure on Invariant Measures of generic diffeomorphisms
Let be an isolated non-trival transitive set of a generic
diffeomorphism f\in\Diff(M). We show that the space of invariant measures
supported on coincides with the space of accumulation measures of
time averages on one orbit. Moreover, the set of points having this property is
residual in (which implies the set of irregular points is also
residual in ). As an application, we show that the non-uniform
hyperbolicity of irregular points in with totally 0 measure
(resp., the non-uniform hyperbolicity of a generic subset in )
determines the uniform hyperbolicity of
Worldsheet boundary conditions in Poisson-Lie T-duality
We apply canonical Poisson-Lie T-duality transformations to bosonic open
string worldsheet boundary conditions, showing that the form of these
conditions is invariant at the classical level, and therefore they are
compatible with Poisson-Lie T-duality. In particular the conditions for
conformal invariance are automatically preserved, rendering also the dual model
conformal. The boundary conditions are defined in terms of a gluing matrix
which encodes the properties of D-branes, and we derive the duality map for
this matrix. We demonstrate explicitly the implications of this map for
D-branes in two non-Abelian Drinfel'd doubles.Comment: 20 pages, Latex; v2: typos and wording corrected, references added;
v3: three-dimensional example added, reference added, discussion clarified,
published versio
Multiparametric Spectroscopic Photoacoustic Imaging of Breast Cancer Development in a Transgenic Mouse Model
licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited. Received: 2014.06.16; Accepted: 2014.07.29; Published: 2014.08.15 Objective: To evaluate the potential of multiparametric spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging using oxygen saturation, total hemoglobin, and lipid content to differentiate among four different breast histologies (normal, hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive breast carcinoma) in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer development. Materials and Methods: Animal studies were approved by the Institutional Administrative Panel on Laboratory Animal Care. Mammary glands (n=251) of a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer development (FVB/N-Tg(MMTV-PyMT)634Mul) were imaged using B-mode ultrasound and spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging, analyzed for oxygen saturation, total hemoglobin, and lipid content, and processed for histological analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, two-sample t-tests, logistic regression, and ROC analysis. Results: Eighty-two normal, 12 hyperplastic, 96 DCIS, and 61 invasive breast carcinoma mammary glands were analyzed. Based on spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging, the oxygen saturation o
A mesoscopic ring as a XNOR gate: An exact result
We describe XNOR gate response in a mesoscopic ring threaded by a magnetic
flux . The ring is attached symmetrically to two semi-infinite
one-dimensional metallic electrodes and two gate voltages, viz, and
, are applied in one arm of the ring which are treated as the inputs of
the XNOR gate. The calculations are based on the tight-binding model and the
Green's function method, which numerically compute the conductance-energy and
current-voltage characteristics as functions of the ring-to-electrode coupling
strength, magnetic flux and gate voltages. Our theoretical study shows that,
for a particular value of () (, the elementary
flux-quantum), a high output current (1) (in the logical sense) appears if both
the two inputs to the gate are the same, while if one but not both inputs are
high (1), a low output current (0) results. It clearly exhibits the XNOR gate
behavior and this aspect may be utilized in designing an electronic logic gate.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
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