The renovation in urban public space: the case study of Jardin de la Rambla de Sants

La estación de tren, uno de los más importantes componentes en una ciudad, juega un papel muy significativo en la conexión de distritos entre sí y con otras ciudades. Desafortunadamente, en muchas ciudades el ferrocarril en lugar de actuar como un enlace para promover el desarrollo urbano, ha cortado los enlaces internos de las ciudades y los ha separado. El proyecto de renovación urbana de Barcelona muestra cómo reconectar áreas desconectadas y, más importante, cuán importante es el proyecto para los residentes locales y para la morfología urbana. La sintaxis espacial es una buena metodología para revelar todo el proceso de renovación, y también puede explicar la influencia y el resultado tanto para el ciudadano como para la ciudad. The train station, one of the most important components of the city, plays a significant role to connect each district and others cities. Unfortunately, in many cities their train station and rail, instead of acting as a link to promote urban development, have cut off the inner links of cities and cut them apart. Urban public renovation project in Barcelona demonstrates how to reconnect the separated area together, and more importantly how decisive the project to the local residents and the urban morphology is. Space syntax is a good methodology to reveal the entire process of the renovation, and it also can explain what the influence and result to both citizen and cityPeer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Optimization of ultrafine entanglement witnesses

The ultrafine entanglement witness, introduced in [F. Shahandeh, M. Ringbauer, J.C. Loredo, and T.C. Ralph, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{118}, 110502 (2017)], can seamlessly and easily improve any standard entanglement witness. In this paper, by combining the constraint and the test operators, we rotate the hyperplane determined by the test operator and improve further the original ultrafine entanglement witness. In particular, we present a series of new ultrafine entanglement witnesses, which not only can detect entangled states that the original ultrafine entanglement witnesses cannot detect, but also have the merits that the original ultrafine entanglement witnesses have.Comment: 8 page

Analysis of Abnormal Gait in the Diagnosis of Early Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review

Early detection of neurodegenerative diseases can increase the possibility to access to treatment, and assist in advance care plan-ning. At present, most of the gait researches focus on the design and application of recognition tools for disease diagnosis, such as recording the walking and movement status through wearable sensor devices, while, relatively less non-contact machine vision is used to measure gait. The non-contact gait detection method is characterized by the advantages, including the absence of human cooperation, non-invasive nature and so on, which is also suitable for long-distance perception. In this paper, we focused on some non-contact analysis methods for abnormal gait, and it is hoped that it can provide guidance for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases

Location-Dependent Impacts of Resource Inertia on Power System Oscillations

Inertial responses are seen by the system as the injection or withdrawal of electrical energy, corresponding to a change of frequency. The inertia of a machine primarily contributes to the power system transient stability. Oscillations are always present in the bulk power system due to the electromechanical nature of the grid. Poorly damped oscillations may cause system instability. Thus, this paper aims to study inertia\u27s impacts on system primary frequency response, in particular on system oscillation modes. Both transient stability simulations and modal analysis are performed to provide insights into the extent to which inertia and its location influence the system oscillation behavior. Simulation results using both a small-scale test system and a large-scale synthetic network dynamic model are presented to verify the locational impacts of resource inertia

Optically powered RZ-DPSK Signal Transmission System with distributed parametric amplification

Distributed parametric amplification (DPA) system for RZ-DPSK signal has been demonstrated. The residual pump was recycled to power up the receiver. Less than 1-dB power penalties at 10 -9 BER are introduced with 10-dB parametric gain. © 2011 National Sun Yat-Sen Univ.published_or_final_versio

A 160-Gb/s OTDM demultiplexer based on parametric wavelength exchange

Parametric wavelength exchange (PWE) has been demonstrated as a versatile device in providing different functionalities. In this paper, we will concentrate, numerically and experimentally, on one of these functionalities, namely, all-optical time demultiplexing of 160-Gb/s return-to-zero (RZ) signals based on a pulsed-pump PWE in a 400 m highly nonlinear dispersion-shifted fiber. Experimental results show power penalties < 2.7 dB at bit-error rate of 10-9 for all demultiplexed 10-Gb/s RZ signals. We also derive theoretical expressions for the conversion/residual efficiencies and investigate the impact of pump pulse width and phase mismatch on these efficiencies. Furthermore, the impacts of pulsed-pump wavelength and power level on the characteristics of the switching window are investigated numerically. As a result, the demultiplexer can be easily upgraded to an add-drop multiplexer because of the complete exchange nature of PWE, which is justified by the surviving channels' waveform performance. © 2009 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Optical time-slot swapping based on parametric wavelength exchange

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering (ISSN 0277786X), 2009, v. 7630, art. no. 763002We have experimentally demonstrated simultaneous 10-Gb/s optical time-slot swapping between return-to-zero (RZ) signal format and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal format based on the parametric wavelength exchange (PWE) in the highly-nonlinear dispersion shifted fiber (HNL-DSF). Original RZ and NRZ signals located at two different wavelengths are exchanged after the PWE process. After exchanging between RZ and NRZ signals, the swapping ability involving two different signal formats within particular time slot has been proved. Clear open eye diagrams of periodic mixed RZ and NRZ signals are recorded on both wavelengths. © 2009 SPIE-OSA-IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Byte-level parametric wavelength exchange for narrow pulsewidth return-to-zero signal

We investigate the feasibility of switching return-to-zero signals with 3-ps pulsewidth by byte-level parametric wavelength exchange (PWE) numerically and experimentally. Square-wave modulated pumps are used in PWE for pump gating. Simultaneous bit swapping for two signals at the same time slot is achieved. Error-free operation is achieved for both signal channels with ≈3.5-dB power penalty at 10-9 bit-error rate. © 2009 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

A comprehensive experimental investigation on Wavelength Exchange Type II

Wavelength exchange type II has been comprehensively investigated through experiment, nearly-symmetric power transfer (∼90% conversion efficiency) is reached between two signal probes when using two orthogonally-polarized pumps. © 2011 National Sun Yat-Sen Univ.published_or_final_versio

Two Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinases Mediate Signaling, Linking Cell Wall Biosynthesis and ACC Synthase in Arabidopsis

The plant cell wall is a dynamic structure that changes in response to developmental and environmental cues through poorly understood signaling pathways. We identified two Leu-rich repeat receptor-like kinases in Arabidopsis thaliana that play a role in regulating cell wall function. Mutations in these FEI1 and FEI2 genes (named for the Chinese word for fat) disrupt anisotropic expansion and the synthesis of cell wall polymers and act additively with inhibitors or mutations disrupting cellulose biosynthesis. While FEI1 is an active protein kinase, a kinase-inactive version of FEI1 was able to fully complement the fei1 fei2 mutant. The expansion defect in fei1 fei2 roots was suppressed by inhibition of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase, an enzyme that converts Ado-Met to ACC in ethylene biosynthesis, but not by disruption of the ethylene response pathway. Furthermore, the FEI proteins interact directly with ACC synthase. These results suggest that the FEI proteins define a novel signaling pathway that regulates cell wall function, likely via an ACC-mediated signal