In-vitro Anti-Cancer Screening of Solanumindicum Rhus succedanea, Rheum emodiand Gardenia gummifera Medicinal Plants in Cancer Cells

ABSTRACT The anticancer activities of Solanumindicum, Rhus succedaneum, Rheum emodi, and Gardenia gummifera medicinal plants from the methanolic extracts were determined by using in-vitroMTT cytotoxicity assay in various cancer cell lines human non-small cell lung carcinoma(H1975), prostatecarcinoma (PC-3and DU145), colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and malignant melanoma (A375). The invitrocytotoxicity assay revealed that S. indicum, R. succedanea, R. emodi and G. gummifera extracts had strongest cytotoxicity with IC50 of 8.48 g/ml,24.5g/ml, 28.24g/ml and 28.61g/ml respectively in DU145 cells and also with IC50 of 11.18g/ml, 11.04 g/ml, 11.05 g/ml and 23.03g/ml respectively in PC-3 cells. Whereas these extracts exhibited cytotoxicity with IC50 of 9.03g/ml, 7.71g/ml, 15.95 g/ml and 11.71g/ml respectively in H1975 cells. Similarly all these extracts showed cytotoxicity with IC50 of 17.58g/ml,8.87g/ml,19.31g/ml and 11.67 g/ml respectively in HCT116 cells. Finally methanolic extracts of these extracts exhibited cytotoxicity with IC 50 27.94 g/ml, 13.13g/ml, 11.05 g/ml and 7.816g/ml respectively in A375 cells. Our results revealed that methanolic extract of S

Ultra-High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Inner Ear at 11.7 Tesla

Objective: To evaluate the ability of ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) at 11.7 T to visualize membranous structures of the human inner ear. Specimens: Three temporal bones were extracted from cadaveric human heads for use with small-bore UHF-MRI. Intervention: Ex vivo cadaveric temporal bone specimens were imaged using an 11.7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner via T1- and T2-weighted-imaging with and without contrast. Main Outcome Measure: Qualitative visualization of membranous components of the inner ear compared with reports of UHF-MRI at lower field strengths. Results: The membranous anatomy of the inner ear was superbly visualized at 11.7 T. In the cochlea, Reissner's membrane, the scala media, and the basilar membrane were clearly shown on the scan. In the vestibular labyrinth, the wedge-shaped crista ampullaris and the maculae of both the saccule and utricle were visible. Details of the endolymphatic sac and duct were also demonstrated. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this report presents the first images of the ex vivo human inner ear using 11.7 T UHF-MRI, offering near-histologic resolution. Increased field strength may be particularly useful when imaging the delicate membranous anatomy of the inner ear. Further research on the use of UHF-MRI in clinical and research settings could illuminate structural changes associated with inner ear disorders

Ultra-High-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Inner Ear at 11.7 Tesla

Objective: To evaluate the ability of ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) at 11.7 T to visualize membranous structures of the human inner ear. Specimens: Three temporal bones were extracted from cadaveric human heads for use with small-bore UHF-MRI. Intervention: Ex vivo cadaveric temporal bone specimens were imaged using an 11.7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner via T1- and T2-weighted-imaging with and without contrast. Main Outcome Measure: Qualitative visualization of membranous components of the inner ear compared with reports of UHF-MRI at lower field strengths. Results: The membranous anatomy of the inner ear was superbly visualized at 11.7 T. In the cochlea, Reissner's membrane, the scala media, and the basilar membrane were clearly shown on the scan. In the vestibular labyrinth, the wedge-shaped crista ampullaris and the maculae of both the saccule and utricle were visible. Details of the endolymphatic sac and duct were also demonstrated. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this report presents the first images of the ex vivo human inner ear using 11.7 T UHF-MRI, offering near-histologic resolution. Increased field strength may be particularly useful when imaging the delicate membranous anatomy of the inner ear. Further research on the use of UHF-MRI in clinical and research settings could illuminate structural changes associated with inner ear disorders