Similar but different: Revealing the relative roles of species‐traits versus biome properties structuring genetic variation in South American marsh rats

AimWetland habitats, and the ecological restrictions imposed by them, structure patterns of genetic variation in constituent taxa. As such, genetic variation may reflect properties of the specific biomes species inhabit, or shared life history traits among species may result in similar genetic structure. We evaluated these hypotheses jointly by quantifying the similarity of genetic structure in three South American marsh rat species (Holochilus), and test how genetic variation in each species relates to biome‐specific environmental space and historical stability.LocationSouth America.TaxonRodentia.MethodsUsing complementary analyses (Mantel tests, dbRDA, Procrustes, covariance structure of allele frequencies and environmental niche models [ENMs]) with 8,000–32,000 SNPs per species, we quantified the association between genomic variation and geographic and/or environmental differences.ResultsSignificant association between genetic variation and geography was identified for all species. Similarity in the strength of the association suggests connectivity patterns dictated by shared species‐traits predominate at the biome scale. However, substantial amounts of genetic variation are not explained by geography. Focusing on this portion of the variance, we demonstrate a significant quantitative association between genetic variation and the environmental space of a biome, and a qualitative association with varying regional stability. Specifically, historically stable areas estimated from ecological niche models are correlated with local levels of geographic structuring, suggesting that local biome‐specific histories affect population isolation/connectivity.Main conclusionsThese tests show that although species exhibit similar patterns of genetic variation that are consistent with shared natural histories, irrespective of inhabiting different wetland biomes, local biome‐specific properties (i.e. varying environmental conditions and historical stability) contribute to departures from equilibrium patterns of genetic variation expected by isolation by geographic distance. The reflection of these biome‐specific properties in the genetic structure of the marsh rats provides a window into the differences among South American wetlands with evolutionary consequences for their respective constituent assemblages.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149336/1/jbi13529.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149336/2/jbi13529_am.pd

Efeito da aplicação de silício na resistência às condições ambientais em Eucalyptus grandis.

EVINCI. Resumo 029

POLYMER DEGRADATION IN TURBULENT DRAG REDUCING FLOWS IN PIPES

The drag reduction by addition of high molecular additives has been investigated by a number of researchers since it was reported by Toms more than 60 years ago. One of the most significant limitations in drag reduction is the polymer degradation, which is caused by the turbulent structures. Researches have demonstrated that many parameters affect the polymer efficient, as: molecular weight, Reynolds number, concentration and temperature. In the present work we investigate this degradation phenomenon in a pipe flow apparatus device, for aqueous solutions of three different polymers: Polyethylene Oxide (PEO), Polyacrylamide (PAM) and Xanthan Gum (XG).The first two are known as flexible molecules while the last one is considered rigid. The dependence of polymer scission on molecular weight, concentration and Reynolds number is analyzed. We report how the drag reduction decreases when the flow pass repeatedly through the pipe and how the pressure loss measured in the apparatus increases, despite to the fact that the experiment was conducted at a fixed inlet pressure. It is worth noting that the mechanism of loss of efficiency for the XG solutions seems to be completely different from that observed for PEO and PAM, the flexible materials

Caracterização morfológica de brânquias de Oreochromis niloticos criadas em tanques redes no Reservatório de Furnas/MG.

Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação de características morfológicas das brânquias de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) de três diferentes produtores localizados no reservatório de Furnas-MG. Foram coletadas amostras de água e cinco exemplares de cada piscicultura, os quais tiveram suas brânquias processadas histologicamente para análise microscópica. As análises físico-químicas da água apresentaram-se dentro da normalidade e os dados morfométricos das brânquias ainda estão sendo analisados estatisticamente para que possam ser devidamente discutidos

Estudo da mesofauna e macrofauna do solo como parâmetro de crescimento em plantios de Araucaria angustifolia.

EVINCI. Resumo 030

Efeito da omissão de macronutrientes no crescimento, nos sintomas de deficiências nutricionais e na composição mineral em gravioleiras (Annona muricata).

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da omissão de macronutrientes no crescimento, nos sintomas de deficiências nutricionais e na composição mineral em gravioleiras, conduziu-se experimento em casa de vegetação, mediante a técnica do elemento faltante. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições e sete tratamentos, sendo completo (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S e micronutrientes) e com omissão individual de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. As omissões dos macronutrientes afetaram o crescimento em altura, diâmetro das plantas e produção de matéria seca, quando comparados ao tratamento completo. Com base nos teores em g/kg dos macronutrientes nas folhas, encontraram-se os seguintes valores adequados nos tratamento completo e com omissão: N = 14,70 e 8,82; P = 0,92 e 0,47; K = 12,35 e 2,62; Ca = 14,11 e 3,44; Mg = 3,59 e 1,09; S = 5,32 e 2,30

Efeito da omissão de macronutrientes no crescimento, nos sintomas de deficiências nutricionais e na composição mineral de gravioleiras.

Publicado também: FRAZÃO, D. A. C.; HOMMA, A. K. O; VIÉGAS, I. de J. M. (Ed.). Contribuição ao desenvolvimento da fruticultura na Amazônia. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 509-517

Avaliação do efeito da adubação NPK no crescimento de gravioleira (Annona muricata L.) nas condições edafoclimáticas do município de São Francisco do Pará.

In: FRAZÃO, D. A. C.; HOMMA, A. K. O; VIÉGAS, I. de J. M. (Ed.). Contribuição ao desenvolvimento da fruticultura na Amazônia. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 557-561