Supersonic airplane design optimization method for aerodynamic performance and low sonic boom

This paper presents a new methodology for the optimization of supersonic airplane designs to meet the dual design objectives of low sonic boom and high aerodynamic performance. Two sets of design parameters are used on an existing High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) configuration to maximize the aerodynamic performance and minimize the sonic boom under the flight track. One set of the parameters perturbs the camber line of the wing sections to maximize the lift-over-drag ratio (L/D). A preliminary optimization run yielded a 3.75 percent improvement in L/D over a baseline low-boom configuration. The other set of parameters modifies the fuselage area to achieve a target F-function. Starting from an initial configuration with strong bow, wing, and tail shocks, a modified design with a flat-top signature is obtained. The methods presented can easily incorporate other design variables and objective functions. Extensions to the present capability in progress are described

Sustained Implementation of School-wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports through Continuous Regeneration

School-wide Positive Behavior Supports (SWPBIS) aim to create safe and civil school environments through proactive teaching, consistent reinforcing, and appropriate response to student behavior. The literature pertaining to the implementation of SWPBIS is limited, having few longitudinal studies of school-based changes to sustain the initiative. The present case study examined the data-based adaptations in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, priority, and continuous regeneration during a five-year implementation of SWPBIS at a high needs middle school. Findings demonstrated marked improvement in fidelity of implementation, student, parent, and staff perceptions, and student behavior outcomes. Recommendations related to continual improvement that engages more staff are provided for school teams wishing to sustain their SWPBIS implementation

Application of CFD to sonic boom near and mid flow-field prediction

A 3-D parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) code was used to calculate the supersonic overpressures from three different geometries at near- and mid-flow fields. Wind tunnel data is used for code validation. Comparison of the computed results with different grid refinements is shown. It is observed that a large number of grid points is needed to resolve the tail shock/expansion fan interaction. Therefore, an adaptive grid approach is employed to calculate the flow field. The agreement between the numerical results and the wind tunnel data confirms that computational fluid dynamics can be applied to the problem of sonic boom prediction

Such News Of The Land: U.S. Women Nature Writers

This pathbreaking collection, which contains 19 essays from scholars in a variety of fields, illuminates the work of two centuries of American women nature writers. Some discuss traditional nature writers such as Susan Fenimore Cooper, Mary Austin, Gene Stratton Porter, and Annie Dillard. Others examine the work of Zora Neale Hurston, Gloria Anzaldua, and Leslie Marmon Silko, writers not often associated with this genre. Essays on germinal texts such as Marjory Stoneman Douglas\u27s The Everglades: River of Grass stand alongside examinations of market bulletins and women\u27s gardens, showing how the rich diversity of women\u27s nature writing has shaped and expanded the genre, and enlarged the audience for whom nature mattered. This second, digital edition contains an updated introduction and author biographies.https://dune.une.edu/history_facbooks/1000/thumbnail.jp

Physical Nucleon Properties from Lattice QCD

We demonstrate that the extremely accurate lattice QCD data for the mass of the nucleon recently obtained by CP-PACS, combined with modern chiral extrapolation techniques, leads to a value for the mass of the physical nucleon which has a systematic error of less than one percent.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure