e-SNLI: Natural Language Inference with Natural Language Explanations

In order for machine learning to garner widespread public adoption, models must be able to provide interpretable and robust explanations for their decisions, as well as learn from human-provided explanations at train time. In this work, we extend the Stanford Natural Language Inference dataset with an additional layer of human-annotated natural language explanations of the entailment relations. We further implement models that incorporate these explanations into their training process and output them at test time. We show how our corpus of explanations, which we call e-SNLI, can be used for various goals, such as obtaining full sentence justifications of a model's decisions, improving universal sentence representations and transferring to out-of-domain NLI datasets. Our dataset thus opens up a range of research directions for using natural language explanations, both for improving models and for asserting their trust.Comment: NeurIPS 201

Investigating the Apparent Seismic Diffusivity of Near-Receiver Geology at Mount St. Helens Volcano, USA

Acknowledgments: The SAGES VALIDATE forum provided travel money for the discussion of the methodology within De Siena and Benson.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Literature Review: Practice Research

In this paper I discuss some of the literature on arts-based practice research that seems pertinent to our project, and suggest some resources for further enquiry. I also briefly consider the parallel turn towards participation in the arts, using the work of Jeanne Van Heeswijk as an example

Literature Review: Collaborative Ethnography

In this brief literature review I aim to draw out some aspects of collaborative ethnography that seem pertinent to our project, and suggest some resources for further enquiry. In order to show what is specific to collaborative ethnography as an approach it is necessary to first substantively discuss ethnography – its parent methodology

Development of a simulated round of golf

Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a laboratory-based treadmill simulation of the on-course physiological demands of an 18-hole round of golf and to identify the underlying physiological responses. Methods Eight amateur golfers completed a round of golf during which heart rate (HR), steps taken, and global positioning system (GPS) data were assessed. The GPS data were used to create a simulated discontinuous round on a treadmill. Steps taken and HR were recorded during the simulated round. Results During the on-course round, players covered a mean (±SD) of 8,251 ± 450 m, taking 12,766 ± 1,530 steps. The mean exercise intensity during the on-course round was 31.4 ± 9.3% of age-predicted heart rate reserve (%HRR) or 55.6 ± 4.4% of age-predicted maximum HR (%HRmax). There were no significant differences between the simulated round and the on-course round for %HRR (P = .537) or %HR max (P = .561) over the entire round or for each individual hole. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the two rounds for steps taken. Typical error values for steps taken, HR, %HRmax, and %HRR were 1,083 steps, ±7.6 b·min?1, ±4.5%, and ±8.1%, respectively. Conclusion Overall, the simulated round of golf successfully recreated the demands of an on-course round. This simulated round could be used as a research tool to assess the extent of fatigue during a round of golf or the impact of various interventions on golfers

Role of visual social networking, hypersensitive narcissism, and anxiety sensitivity in online compulsive buying

The impact of hypersensitive narcissism and anxiety sensitivity on online compulsive buying were examined. These transdiagnostic personality factors have not previously received attention in virtual, as opposed to real-world, contexts, and the study explored their interaction with the use of visual and textual social media platforms for online buying. The present study sampled 440 participants (264 female; 174 male), aged 18 – 37 years. Participants completed an online survey comprising: Online Edwards Compulsive Buying Scale Revised, Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3. Visual social networking usage was a risk factor for online compulsive buying, and there were significant positive relationships between both hypersensitive narcissism, and anxiety sensitivity, with online compulsive buying. Anxiety sensitivity mediated the relationship between hypersensitive narcissism and compulsive online buying when the dominate form of social media use was textual, but not when it was visual

Reflections on a Dark Day

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1832/thumbnail.jp

I Know A Village

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1833/thumbnail.jp

Towards a millivolt optical modulator with nano-slot waveguides

We describe a class of modulator design involving slot waveguides and electro-optic polymer claddings. Such geometries enable massive enhancement of index tuning when compared to more conventional geometries. We present a semi-analytic method of predicting the index tuning achievable for a given geometry and electro-optic material. Based on these studies, as well as previous experimental results, we show designs for slot waveguide modulators that, when realized in a Mach-Zehnder configuration, will allow for modulation voltages that are orders of magnitude lower than the state of the art. We also discuss experimental results for nano-slot waveguides