Determination of Sinapic Acid Derivatives in Canola Extracts Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with diode array detection (DAD) was used to determine the total phenolics, including sinapic acid derivatives in canola. Ten Western Canadian canola seeds, six other commodity canola seeds, their corresponding press cakes and meals were analyzed. Seeds of European 00 rapeseed and Brassica Juncea (Indian mustard) were included for comparison. Phenolic compounds were separated using a gradient elution system of water–methanol-ο-phosphoric acid solution with a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. In addition to sinapine (SP) and sinapic acid (SA), sinapoyl glucose (SG) is reported in the methanolic extracts. The detection and quantification limits of these compounds were 0.20–0.40 and 0.50–0.80 μg/ml, respectively with recovery values over 98.0%. The content of total phenolics, SP, SA and SG in canola extracts ranged from 9.16 to 16.13, 6.39 to 12.28, 0.11 to 0.59 and 1.36 to 7.50 mg/g, respectively with significant differences among varieties

Endogenous Phenolics in Hulls and Cotyledons of Mustard and Canola: A Comparative Study on Its Sinapates and Antioxidant Capacity

Endogenous sinapic acid (SA), sinapine (SP), sinapoyl glucose (SG) and canolol (CAN) of canola and mustard seeds are the potent antioxidants in various lipid-containing systems. The study investigated these phenolic antioxidants using different fractions of canola and mustard seeds. Phenolic compounds were extracted from whole seeds and their fractions: hulls and cotyledons, using 70% methanol by the ultrasonication method and quantified using HPLC-DAD. The major phenolics from both hulls and cotyledons extracts were SP, with small amounts of SG, and SA with a significant difference of phenolic contents between the two seed fractions. Cotyledons showed relatively high content of SP, SA, SG and total phenolics in comparison to hulls (p < 0.001). The concentration of SP in different fractions ranged from 1.15 ± 0.07 to 12.20 ± 1.16 mg/g and followed a decreasing trend- canola cotyledons > mustard cotyledons > mustard seeds > canola seeds > mustard hulls > canola hulls. UPLC-tandem Mass Spectrometry confirmed the presence of sinapates and its fragmentation in these extracts. Further, a high degree of correlation (r = 0.93) was noted between DPPH scavenging activity and total phenolic content

Influence of thermal treatments on the antioxidant activity of hemp cake polar extracts

The effect of preheating temperature (X1), preheating time (X2) and the nature of the extracting solvents (X3) on the antioxidant activity of ultrasonic extracts of hemp cake was evaluated using a factorial design with a general linear multiple regression method using the three variables (X1, X2, and X3) and three levels including low (-1), intermediate (0) and high (+ 1). The results indicated that the extracting solvent and the preheating temperature levels were the principal effects influencing the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). The highest level of preheating temperature (+ 1 = 180 °C) and extracting solvent (+ 1 = Ac80) were the optimal conditions for enhancing the extraction of the total phenolics and providing the highest antioxidant activity in hemp cake extracts. The interaction between temperature (X1), and the type of solvent (X3) significantly (p < 0.05) affected all the dependent variables examined.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Attenuation of sinapic acid and sinapine‐derived flavor‐active compounds using a factorial‐based pressurized high‐temperature processing

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Enzymatic lipophilization of phenolic extract from rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia) and evaluation of antioxidative activity in edible oil

Aladedunye F, Niehaus K, Bednarz H, Thiyam-Hollander U, Fehling E, Matthaeus B. Enzymatic lipophilization of phenolic extract from rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia) and evaluation of antioxidative activity in edible oil. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 2015;60(1):56-62.Phenolic extracts from Sorbus aucuparia (L.) were lipophilized in the presence of Candida antarctica lipase using octadecanol as the alkyl donor. The antioxidant activity of the lipophilized extract was assessed in refined, bleached and deodorized rapeseed oil during accelerated storage at 65 degrees C and frying at 180 degrees C. Rapeseed oil fortified with lipophilized extract showed significantly higher storage stability with 43% decrease in peroxide value at the end of the 7-day storage compared to rapeseed control sample without extract; however, no significant difference was observed in the performance of lipophilized extract and the native extract. On the contrary, the lipophilized extract exhibited markedly better protection against thermo-oxidative degradation during frying, inhibiting polar component formation and polymerization of triacylglycerol by up to 48%, compared to 30% by the native extract. At the end of the frying, French fries prepared in the presence of lipophilized extract had 7 times more phenolic compounds compared to fries prepared in the native extract indicating better solubilization of the phenolic compounds in the frying medium. Thus, lipophilization of phenolic compounds enhanced their protective activity in frying oil and improved the functionality of the prepared food. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Effect of Solvent, Preheating Temperature, and Time on the Ultrasonic Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Cold-Pressed Hempseed Cake

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Value-Added Potential of Expeller-Pressed Canola Oil Refining: Characterization of Sinapic Acid Derivatives and Tocopherols from Byproducts

Valuable phenolic antioxidants are lost during oil refining, but evaluation of their occurrence in refining byproducts is lacking. Rapeseed and canola oil are both rich sources of sinapic acid derivatives and tocopherols. The retention and loss of sinapic acid derivatives and tocopherols in commercially produced expeller-pressed canola oils subjected to various refining steps and the respective byproducts were investigated. Loss of canolol (<b>3</b>) and tocopherols were observed during bleaching (84.9%) and deodorization (37.6%), respectively. Sinapic acid (<b>2</b>) (42.9 μg/g), sinapine (<b>1</b>) (199 μg/g), and canolol (344 μg/g) were found in the refining byproducts, namely, soap stock, spent bleaching clay, and wash water, for the first time. Tocopherols (3.75 mg/g) and other nonidentified phenolic compounds (2.7 mg sinapic acid equivalent/g) were found in deodistillates, a byproduct of deodorization. DPPH radical scavenging confirmed the antioxidant potential of the byproducts. This study confirms the value<b>-</b>added potential of byproducts of refining as sources of endogenous phenolics