Effect of in situ soil moisture conservation practices on maize and its crop residue incorporation on yield and economics of succeeding transplanted rice Var. ADT 46

Crop residue incorporation is a key component of sustainable cropping systems. It reduces the adverse effects of residue burning and enhances soil fertility. Effective usage of crop residue in the field and proper management are required. With this background, a field experiment was conducted during 2020 – 21 in the maize-rice cropping sequence at Annamalai University Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu to find out the residual effect of different mulching practices adopted in preceding maize crop and maize stubble incorporation on the growth, yield and economics of transplanted rice Var. ADT 46. The field experiment was conducted in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications. In factor I, soil moisture conservation in preceding maize crop viz., mulching of sugarcane trash, water hyacinth, hydrogel and control were allotted. In factor II, different levels of maize crop stubble incorporation on rice viz., 0, 33, 66 and 100% were provided. Water hyacinth mulched plot (M3) to the preceding crop registered significantly (þ <0.05) higher yield parameters, yield and economic returns of succeeding rice. The lower values were observed in unmulched (M1) plot. With respect to maize crop stubble incorporation on rice crop, the incorporation of 66% (SI3) of maize stubble registered higher yield parameters, yield and economic returns. In the interaction effects, mulching with water hyacinth to preceding maize + maize crop stubble incorporation at 66% in rice crop (M3SI3) recorded significantly (þ <0.05) higher yield parameters, yield and economic returns than other treatments. The lowest values were recorded with an unmulched + 100% crop residue incorporated (M1SI4) plot. Mulching the preceding maize crop with water hyacinth at a rate of 12 t ha-1 and incorporating 66% maize stubble into the transplanted rice (M3SI3) had a remarkable yield advantage and financial rewards

Simulating Potential Impacts of Future Climate Change on Post-Rainy Season Sorghum Yields in India

Given the wide use of the multi-climate model mean (MMM) for impact assessment studies, this work examines the fidelity of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) in simulating the features of Indian summer monsoons as well as the post-rainy seasons for assessing the possible impacts of climate change on post-rainy season sorghum crop yields across India. The MMM simulations captured the spatial patterns and annual cycles of rainfall and surface air temperatures. However, bias was observed in the precipitation amounts and daily rainfall intensity. The trends in the simulations of MMM for both precipitation and temperatures were less satisfactory than the observed climate means. The Crop Environment Resource Synthesis (CERES)-sorghum model was used to estimate the potential impacts of future climate change on post-rainy season sorghum yield values. On average, post-rainy season sorghum yields are projected to vary betwee

On-line biofouling control in the plate heat exchanger system through osmotic shock

2158-2168<span style="font-size:9.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-US">Cost effective control of biofouling is a challenging task in the hazardous environment, especially in the nuclear power plants and desalination plants. Biofouling control of plate heat exchangers was investigated extensively using osmotic shock and the effectiveness of the method was evaluated using microbiological data. Microbiological analysis were carried out in the inlet and out let sea water and compared before and after the osmotic shock. Prevention of scale deposits in the plate heat exchanger system can benefit particularly nuclear power plants and desalination plants and avoid unexpected production shut-downs resulting in substantial improvement to power production in nuclear power plants. The water quality data showed significant fouling control and improvement in the plate heat exchanger operation. The plate heat exchanger system was examined for two different duration (5 and 10 days) and two different temperature regime in order to test system efficiency and to prevent the biofilm formation. A detailed analysis of the entire treatment process was correlated with the microbiological observation and functioning of the system.</span

Design and synthesis of antimicrobial linear tetrapeptides and heterocyclic ring conjugated tetrapeptides- a comprehensive review

Peptides having a number of therapeutic activities, in which, sequence of &nbsp;antimicrobial peptides plays an important role in antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial peptides are potential alternatives for conventional antibiotics. Our objective is to collect important different types of linear anti&nbsp; microbial peptides. We are doing a comprehensive review on linear antimicrobial tetrapeptides

Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Sacubitril in pharmaceutical dosage form

The Present work was to develop a simple, fast, accurate, precise, reproducible, Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Sacubitril in Pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation trials were done using three columns and four mobile phases in different ratios. Columns used are Thermosil C18 column(100mm×4.6mm)5µm, Xterra C18 column(150mm×4.6mm)5µm and Chromosil C18 column having dimension of (150mm x 4.6 mm)5µm and mobile phase used are water, methanol, acetonitrile, phosphate buffer in different logic ratios based on polarity, with mobile phase consisting of Phosphate buffer (KH2PO4 and K2HPO4) pH 3 ±0.02 pH adjusted with ortho phosphoric acid and Acetonitrile (25:75 %v/v), flow rate was adjusted to 1ml/min and detection wavelength at 254nm. The retention times of Valsartan and Sacubitril was found to be 2.589 and 3.711mins. The proposed method has been validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness and range were within the acceptance limit according to ICH guidelines. Linearity for Valsartan and Sacubitril were found in range of 0.2µg-0.6µg and 0.1µg-0.3µg and correlation coefficient were found to be 0.999 and 0.999 respectively. %RSD for intermediate precision was found to be 0.1 and 0.2, for repeatability was 0.2 and 0.5, % mean recovery for Valsartan and Sacubitril was found to be 99.77% to 100.12% respectively. The method was found to be robust even by change in the mobile phase ±5% and in less flow condition. The developed method can be successfully employed for the routine analysis of Valsartan and Sacubitril in API and Pharmaceutical dosage forms