On Higher Spin Symmetries in AdS_{5}

A special embedding of the SU(4) algebra in SU(10), including both spin two and spin three symmetry generators, is constructed. A possible five dimensional action for massless spin two and three fields with cubic interaction is constructed. The connection with the previously investigated higher spin theories in $AdS_{5}$ background is discussed. Generalization to the more general case of symmetries, including spins $2,3,\dots s$, is shown.Comment: 24 pages, Latex, v.2, minor corrections, references added, v.3, revised version, accepted for publication in JHE

Efeitos de extratos pirolenhosos utilizados como tratamento de sementes sobre doenças da fase Inicial e crescimento de plântulas de Soja.

bitstream/item/36419/1/comunicado-241.pd

Universal Features of Holographic Anomalies

We study the mechanism by which gravitational actions reproduce the trace anomalies of the holographically related conformal field theories. Two universal features emerge: a) the ratios of type B trace anomalies in any even dimension are independent of the gravitational action, being uniquely determined by the underlying algebraic structure b) the normalization of the type A and the overall normalization of the type B anomalies are given by action dependent expressions with the dimension dependence completely fixed.Comment: 17 pages, harvma

Chemical Hieroglyphs: Abstract Depiction of Complex Void Space Topology of Nanoporous Materials

In general, most porous materials are so complex that structural information cannot be easily observed with 3D visualization tools. To address this problem, we have developed a special abstract 2D representation to depict all important topological features and geometrical parameters. Our approach involves reducing these structures based on symmetry and perceived building blocks to a compressed, graph representation that allows for quick structure analysis, classification, and comparison. © 2010 American Chemical Society

Dynamics of anti-MSP3 and Pfs230 antibody responses and multiplicity of infection in asymptomatic children from southern Ghana

Abstract Background During a Plasmodium infection, exposure of human host immune cells to both the asexual and the sexual stages of the parasite elicit immune responses. These responses may be protective and prevent the development of high parasitaemia and its associated clinical symptoms, or block the transmission of malaria to an uninfected person. This study aimed at examining the dynamics of naturally acquired immune responses against the asexual and sexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum as well as assessing differences in the multiplicity of infection (MOI) in asymptomatic Ghanaian children living in two communities with varying malaria transmission intensities. Methods School children aged between 6 and 12 years were recruited from Obom, a high malaria prevalence setting and Abura, a low malaria prevalence setting and enrolled in monthly multiple cross sectional surveys between February and May 2015. Filter paper blood blots (DBS) as well as thick and thin blood smears were made from finger-pricked blood at each visit. Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence was determined by microscopy and PCR. Serum eluted from the DBS were used to assess anti-Pfs230 (sexual stage) and anti-MSP3 (asexual stage) antibody levels using indirect ELISA and DNA extracted from the DBS used to assess MOI. Results Malaria parasite point prevalence and MOI throughout the study was higher in Obom than Abura. The trend of parasite prevalence estimated by microscopy was similar to that determined by PCR in Obom but not in Abura. The trend of MSP3 antibody seroprevalence followed that of PCR-estimated parasite prevalence in Obom, while in Abura the trend of Pfs230 antibody seroprevalence followed that of PCR-estimated parasite prevalence. Conclusions Microscopy can more accurately predict changes in parasite prevalence in high transmission settings than low transmission settings. In high transmission settings, P. falciparum parasite prevalence can predict antibody seroprevalence to MSP3, whilst in low transmission settings, seroprevalence against Pfs230 may be a useful predictor of parasite prevalence

Assessment of the quality and quantity of naturally induced antibody responses to EBA175RIII-V in Ghanaian children living in two communities with varying malaria transmission patterns

Abstract Background Recent global reports on malaria suggest significant decrease in disease severity and an increase in control interventions in many malaria endemic countries, including Ghana. However, a major driving force sustaining malaria transmission in recent times is the asymptomatic carriage of malaria parasites, which can enhance immune responses against parasite antigens. This study determined the prevalence and relative avidities of naturally induced antibodies to EBA175RIII–VLl in asymptomatic children living in two communities with varying malaria transmission patterns. Methods An asexual stage Plasmodium falciparum antigen, EBA175RIII–VLl was expressed in Lactococcus lactis, purified and used in indirect ELISA to measure total and cytophilic IgG concentrations and avidities in children aged between 6 and 12 years. The children were selected from Obom and Abura, communities with perennial and seasonal malaria transmission, respectively. Venous blood samples were collected in July and October 2015 and again in January 2016. The multiplicity of infection and the genetic diversity of EBA175RIII circulating in both sites were also assessed using polymerase chain reaction. Results Asymptomatic parasite carriage in the children from Obom decreased from July (peak season), through October and January, however parasite carriage in children from Abura was bimodal, with the lowest prevalence estimated in October. Antibody concentrations over the course of the study remained stable within each study site however, children living in Obom had significantly higher EBA175RIII–VLl antibody concentrations than children living in Abura (P < 0.05, Mann–Whitney test). Over the course of the study, the relative antibody avidities of EBA175RIII–VLl IgG antibodies were similar within and between the sites. Conclusion Naturally acquired IgG concentrations but not relative antibody avidities to EBA175RIII–V were significantly higher in Obom where malaria transmission is perennial than in Abura, where malaria transmission is seasonal