A laboratory evaluation of cell viability, radiopacity and tooth discoloration induced by regenerative endodontic materials

CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)Aim: To analyse the cytotoxicity, colour change and radiopacity of MTA Flow (MTA), UltraCal XS (UC) and Bio-C Temp (BT). Methodology: Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were placed in contact with several dilutions of culture media previously exposed to the experimental materials and tested for cell viability using MTT. Bovine teeth were prepared to simulate an open apex and to mimic extensive crown fracture. The roots were filled with a mixture of agar and blood, and the materials placed over this mixture. The control group consisted of teeth filled only with agar and blood. Colour assessment analyses were performed before and immediately after material insertion and repeated at 30, 45 and 60 days using a spectrophotometer. The total colour change (DEab, DE00 and whiteness index (WI)) was calculated based on the CIELAB colour space. Digital radiographs were acquired for radiopacity analysis. Cell viability was analysed by one-way ANOVA, whilst differences in colour parameters (DEab, DE00 and WI) were assessed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05). Tukey’s test was used to compare the experimental groups, and Dunnett’s test was used to compare the experimental groups with the control group. Results: MTA, UC and BT had similar cell viability to that of the control group (DMEM) (P > 0.05), except for the BT group at the 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 dilutions, which had significantly lower viability (P < 0.001). All materials were associated with discoloration values greater than what is considered to be the acceptable threshold, and BT resulted in less or similar tooth colour change than MTA and UC, respectively. Decreasing radiopacity over time was observed only in the MTA group (P = 0.007). Lower values of radiopacity were found in the BT group compared with the UC and MTA groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The new bioceramic material (BT) had acceptable cell viability, similar to that of MTA and UC at the highest dilutions, and BT resulted in less tooth colour change than MTA and UC. Despite its lower radiopacity, BT was identified radiographically

A Porção Distal do Complexo de Lobos Almirante Câmara, Bacia de Campos: Bioestatigrafia e Evolução no Final do quaternário, com base em Foraminíferos Planctônicos

A Bacia de Campos é a bacia petrolífera que mais produz na margem continental brasileira, respondendo atualmente por mais de 80% da produção nacional. Quase a totalidade das reservas pós-sal nessa bacia ocorre em turbiditos oligocênicos de águas profundas. O Complexo de lobos Almirante Câmara, área de interesse deste estudo, localiza-se na porção nordeste da bacia de Campos. Uma vez que a distribuição de fácies encontrada nessa área permanece desde o fim do Maastrichtiano, o entendimento da sedimentação quaternária permite um maior conhecimento dos sistemas petrolíferos de idade cretácica e paleógena. Assim, os reservatórios turbidíticos oligocênicos encontram um excelente análogo no complexo de lobos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo contribuir para o entendimento da arquitetura deposicional quaternária da parte distal do Complexo de Lobos Almirante Câmara, bem como de sua evolução deposicional, através de análise e interpretação bioestratigráfica, com base em foraminíferos planctônicos. Para isso, foram estudadas 41 amostras provenientes de dois testemunhos a pistão (LAC-25 e LAC-26) coletados no talude inferior da Bacia de Campos. Nos testemunhos estudados, foram reconhecidas as biozonas Z (Holoceno), Y e X (porção superior do Pleistoceno Superior), assim como as subzonas Y1, Y2, X1 e X2. Posteriormente, esses resultados foram correlacionados àqueles obtidos por outro autor para o testemunho LAC-24. Os intervalos que apresentaram sedimentos identificados como remobilizados foram correlacionados às variações do nível do mar no final do Quaternário

Produtividade e qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de genótipos de alface produzidas sob o manejo orgânico

In Brazil, a large part of the organic cultivation of vegetables is made with conventional seeds and, despite the demand, the supply of seeds in this system is still small, as are studies on the subject. The present study was developed to evaluate the productivity and seed quality of lettuce genotypes produced in two consecutive years in the organic management system. The work was conducted at the Instituto the Ciências Agrárias of the Universidade Federal the Minas Gerais. Two plantations were installed in open field conditions corresponding to the autumn / winter seasons in 2016 and 2017. Ten lettuce genotypes were evaluated, seven of them coming from the Embrapa Hortaliças germplasm bank and three from the local trade, in four replications, and organic management consisted of the use of a pig biofertilizer and the seeds were harvested manually. The following evaluations were performed: seed yield in kg ha-1; physical tests (degree of humidity and weight of 1000 seeds); germination and vigor test (first germination count, germination speed index and dry seedling mass). The data obtained were submitted to analysis of joint variance and in case of significant effect, according to the F test for treatments, the Scoot Knott test was used at 5% probability for grouping the means. The Cuban genotype and the two genotypes Grand Rapids superior productivity under the conditions tested. In 2016, the highest moisture levels were recorded in the seeds and, in 2017, the highest seed weights. Only the two Grand Rapids genotypes reached the minimum germination standard established for commercialization (80%). Vanda and AC 5058 presented better performance in the two years for the tests of vigor of IVG and first count of germination, and Cinderella for the test of dry mass of seedlings.No Brasil, grande parte do cultivo orgânico de hortaliças é feita com sementes convencionais e, apesar da demanda, a oferta de sementes nesse sistema ainda é pequena, assim como os estudos acerca do assunto. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade e qualidade de sementes de genótipos de alface produzidas em dois anos consecutivos no sistema de manejo orgânico. O trabalho foi conduzido no Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Foram instalados dois plantios em condições de campo aberto correspondendo às estações de outono/inverno em 2016 e 2017. Foram avaliados 10 genótipos de alface, sendo sete delas oriundas do banco de germoplasma da Embrapa Hortaliças e três adquiridas do comercio local, em quatro repetições, e o manejo orgânico consistiu na utilização de biofertilizante suíno e a colheita das sementes ocorreu de forma manual. Foram realizadas as avaliações: produtividade das sementes em kg ha-1; testes físicos (grau de umidade e peso de 1000 sementes); teste de germinação e de vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e massa seca de plântulas). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância conjunta e, em caso de efeito significativo, de acordo com o teste F para tratamentos, foi utilizado o teste de Scoot Knott a 5% de probabilidade para agrupamento das médias. O genótipo Cubana e os dois genótipos Grand Rapids produtividades foram superiores nas condições testadas. Em 2016, foram registrados os maiores graus de umidade nas sementes e, em 2017, os maiores pesos de sementes. Somente os dois genótipos Grand Rapids atingiram o padrão mínimo de germinação estabelecido para a comercialização (80%). Vanda e AC 5058 apresentaram melhores desempenho nos dois anos para os testes de vigor de IVG e primeira contagem de germinação, e Cinderela para o teste de massa seca de plântulas

Performance Assessment of Brazilian Power Transmission and Distribution Segments using Data Envelopment Analysis

In this study, we conducted efficiency analyzes of both power transmission and distribution segments in Brazilian electricity sector. In order to accomplish these analyzes, DEA-VRS models, cost analysis and Window Analysis (WA) approaches were carried out. The results showed that overall efficiency and stability in the distribution sector are higher than in transmission sector, which suggest that distribution companies are better managed regarding their operational costs compared to those within transmission segment. Moreover, it was accounted that approximately R$ 21 billion could have been saved if DMUs (within distribution and transmission systems) analyzed had operated with maximum level of efficiency from 2008 to 2014. Consequently, energy tariff prices paid by each consumer could have also been lower. Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis; Window Analysis; Power transmission and distribution segments JEL Classifications: C14; C38; O1

Comparative Myology of the Forelimb in Capuchin and Night Monkeys

Background: The capuchin monkey (Sapajus apella) and the night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) are primates with broad distribution in South America. Sapajus apella is best-studied species in the genus Cebus, and is commonly found in captivity in parks, zoos, and sorting centers in Brazil. Species in the genus Aotus have a primitive appearance with large eye sockets, and their nocturnal habits are unique among the apes today. Because these two species belong to the same order, they have similar morphological characteristics. In this work, we conduct a comparative study of the forelimb musculature between these two species to produce data for use in veterinary procedures.Materials, Methods &amp; Results: Three capuchin monkey and three night monkey specimens were used, two females and one male for each species. Specimens were acquired from the National Center for Primates under approval from the Animal Research (CEPAN/IEC/SVS/MS) No. 008/2010. Specimens were frozen and donated after death by natural causes to the LaPMA (Animal Morphology Research Laboratory) at the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA). After being thawed in running water, the animals were fixed by intramuscular injection with 10% formaldehyde in aqueous solution and dissected to display thoracic limb muscle groups. Dissections were performed using basic instrumentation by creating a medial incision from the carpal region to the axillary region. After incision, the skin was folded and muscles were separated in order to identify muscle groups. The nomenclature adopted was based on the veterinary anatomy, and books about human anatomy for comparison of forearm muscles. The muscles that compound the shoulder was the supraspinal and infra-spinal. The arm was composed by the teres major and minor, the triceps brachii (long head, lateral head, and medial head), brachialis, biceps brachii, tensor muscle of the antebrachial fascia, coracobrachialis, and anconeous. The forearm included the extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorus, extensor digiti minimum, extensor carpi ulnaris, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi radialis, flexor pollicis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and brachioradialis muscles. In general, the two species have the same muscle groups, except for the absence of the teres minor and brachioradialis in Capuchin monkey, and the absence of the long head of the triceps brachii and extensor carpi radialis brevis at night monkey.Discussion: The forelimb musculature in the capuchin and night monkey is similar that described in the literature for both domestic and wild species such as coati, paca, and bush dogs, with little variation among the studied species. Regarding the muscles of the forearm, the capuchin monkey and the night monkey have muscular anatomy similar to that of humans, with some variations. The anatomical variations in common traits do not impede function. Interspecific variation is a common occurrence in nature, and can be explained by species divergence which occurs over many years, for various reasons. Knowledge of the comparative miology of the capuchin monkey and the night monkey is still nascent, thus future research is needed to better understand the structure of these animals, which can then serve as a basis for studies of other ethological aspects of the species biology

Study of residual otoacoustic emissions in hearing loss with artifact differentiation and physiological responses

Purpose: To study the effect of stimulation intensity variation on the responses of distortion products in subjects with sensorineural hearing loss using a new protocol to register the otoacoustic emissions. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study. The following procedures were performed: anamnesis, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, distortion product and residual otoacoustic emissions. The residual DPOAE were collected with the Echodia equipment, Elios®. The protocol that was developed allows the variation of frequency and intensity parameters and the responses are analyzed by phase gradient test. Responses recorded in residual otoacoustic emissions were considered “present”, “absent” or “artifact”. Results: The total included ears was 72. On residual otoacoustic emissions test, at a frequency of 1300Hz and 2000Hz, there was statistically significant difference. By analyzing the average found in the audiometry and the results of residual emissions, only the frequency of 1300Hz showed a statistically significant association in all groups. By correlating the results of the audiometry and the stimulation intensity used to evoke the residual emission, there was positive correlation for the frequencies of 1000Hz and 4000Hz. The “artifact” was mostly recorded in the higher frequencies: 56.2% in 3000Hz and 58.2% in 4000 Hz. Residual EOAPD present was recorded as 18.6% at 1000Hz, 13.4% at 2000Hz, 6.3% at 3000Hz and 7.5% at 4000Hz. Conclusion: The increased stimulation intensity in the otoacoustic emissions test can aid in the study of residual outer hair cells, as long as a protocol is used to check the correctness of the responses.Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da variação da intensidade de estimulação sobre as respostas das emissões otoacústicas produto de distorção em indivíduos com perda auditiva neurossensorial, utilizando um protocolo de gradiente de fase das emissões. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal. Participaram 38 indivíduos com diagnóstico de perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve, moderado ou severo. Foram realizadas anamnese, meatoscopia, audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria, imitanciometria, emissões otoacústicas produto de distorção e emissões otoacústicas residuais. As emissões otoacústicas residuais foram coletadas com o equipamento Echodia, modelo Elios®. O protocolo utilizado permite a variação dos parâmetros frequência e intensidade e as respostas são analisadas por meio do teste do Gradiente de Fase. As respostas registradas nas emissões residuais foram consideradas como “presente”, “ausente” e “artefato”, considerando a variação da fase em função de f1. Resultados: Foram incluídas 72 orelhas. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nas frequências de 1300 Hz e 2000 Hz, ao comparar os resultados das emissões residuais. Ao correlacionar o resultado da audiometria e a intensidade de estimulação que evocou a emissão residual, houve correlação positiva para as frequências de 1000 Hz e 4000Hz. O “artefato” foi registrado, principalmente, nas frequências mais agudas: 56,2% em 3000 Hz e 58,2% em 4000 Hz. A emissão otoacústica residual presente foi registrada em 18,6% em 1000 Hz, 13,4% em 2000 Hz, 6,3% em 3000 Hz e 7,5% em 4000 Hz. Conclusão: o aumento da intensidade de estimulação no exame de emissões pode auxiliar no estudo das células ciliadas residuais, desde que seja utilizado um protocolo capaz de diferenciar respostas fisiológicas de artefatos

Performance assessment of Brazilian power transmission and distribution segments using data envelopment analysis.

In this study, we conducted efficiency analyzes of both power transmission and distribution segments in Brazilian electricity sector. In order to accomplish these analyzes, data envelopment analysis-variable returns to scale models, cost analysis and window analysis approaches were carried out. The results showed that overall efficiency and stability in the distribution sector are higher than in transmission sector, which suggest that distribution companies are better managed regarding their operational costs compared to those within transmission segment. Moreover, it was accounted that approximately R$ 21 billion could have been saved if decision making units (within distribution and transmission systems) analyzed had operated with maximum level of efficiency from 2008 to 2014. Consequently, energy tariff prices paid by each consumer could have also been lower

Possibilidades de interações para o ensino remoto de química: um relato de experiência de bolsistas do Pibid

O presente trabalho visa apresentar um relato de experiência sobre o uso dos recursos digitais Google Meet, Kahoot e Pear Deck para mediação do processo de aprendizagem nos momentos síncronos. O objetivo é apontar as potencialidades pedagógicas desses recursos para o ensino remoto de química sob a ótica dos bolsistas do Pibid do curso de licenciatura em química, do Instituto Federal de Goiás, campus Uruaçu. Neste estudo, foi possível identificar que esses recursos utilizados nas aulas síncronas são potentes instrumentos para o ensino de química, pois são flexíveis em relação ao conteúdo científico abordado e permitem momentos de interação entre alunos e professor. Contudo, percebemos que os recursos digitais devem ser aplicados de forma comedida para não sobrecarregar os estudantes e, consequentemente, os desmotivar. &nbsp; &nbsp;Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar un informe de experiencia sobre el uso de recursos digitales Google Meet, Kahoot y Pear Deck para mediar el proceso de aprendizaje en momentos sincrónicos. El objetivo es señalar el potencial pedagógico de estos recursos para la enseñanza remota de la química desde la perspectiva de los pibidos becarios de la Licenciatura en Química, en el Instituto Federal de Goiás, campus Uruaçu. En este estudio se pudo identificar que estos recursos utilizados en clases sincrónicas son poderosos instrumentos para la enseñanza de la química, ya que son flexibles en relación al contenido científico abordado y permiten momentos de interacción entre estudiantes y profesores. Sin embargo, nos damos cuenta de que los recursos digitales deben aplicarse con moderación para no sobrecargar a los estudiantes y, en consecuencia, desanimarlos.This work aims to present an experience report on the use of digital resources Google Meet, Kahoot and Pear Deck to mediate the learning process in synchronous moments. The objective is to point out the pedagogical potential of these resources for the remote teaching of chemistry from the perspective of the pibid scholarship holders of the Licentiate Degree in Chemistry, at the Federal Institute of Goiás, Uruaçu campus. In this study, it was possible to identify that these resources used in synchronous classes are powerful instruments for teaching chemistry, as they are flexible in relation to the scientific content addressed and allow moments of interaction between students and professors. However, we realize that digital resources must be applied sparingly so as not to overload students and, consequently, discourage them

AVALIAÇÃO DA SEGURANÇA NO USO DE IMUNOBIOLÓGICOS PARA TRATAMENTO DA PSORÍASE EM GESTANTES E LACTANTES: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease that affects 3% of the global population. During pregnancy and lactation, its course is unpredictable, with reports of worsening. Thus, biological agents have become a therapeutic option. Objective: To assess the safety of using biological agents for the treatment of psoriasis in pregnant and lactating women. Methodology: Systematic review based on data from PubMed, Virtual Health Library, and EBSCO, using 11 articles published between 2020 and 2025. Results: 72% of the analyzed articles demonstrate safety and efficacy in the use of biological agents in patients with severe or refractory forms of the disease. The rate of spontaneous abortions and congenital anomalies was similar to that of the general population. Certolizumab pegol stood out as the safest biological agent due to its minimal placental transfer. Conclusion: The use of biological agents may be safe, provided that a risk-benefit analysis is conducted and follow-up is carried out by specialists. Moreover, there is lower placental transfer of medications when used during the first trimester of pregnancy. Among those evaluated, certolizumab pegol is the first-line therapy. This highlights the need for individualized perigestational care, aiming at the well-being of the mother-fetus dyad. &nbsp;Introdução: A psoríase é uma doença imuno-inflamatória crônica que afeta 3% da população mundial. Durante a gestação e lactação, tem um curso imprevisível e com relatos de agravamentos. Desse modo, imunobiológicos tornam-se opção terapêutica. Objetivo: Avaliar a segurança do uso de imunobiológicos para tratamento da psoríase em gestantes e lactantes. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática baseada em dados da PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e EBSCO, a partir de 11 artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2025. Resultados: 72% dos artigos analisados demonstram segurança e eficácia no uso dos imunobiológicos em pacientes que possuem a forma grave ou refratária da doença. A taxa de abortos espontâneos e anomalias congênitas foi semelhante à da população geral. O certolizumab pegol consagrou-se como imunobiológico de maior segurança, pela mínima transferência placentária. Conclusão: O uso de imunobiológicos pode ser seguro, desde que avaliado o risco-benefício e acompanhado por especialistas. Ademais, há menor transferência placentária dos medicamentos quando usados durante o primeiro trimestre de gestação. Dentre os avaliados, o certolizumabe pegol é a terapia de primeira linha. Assim, reforça-se a necessidade da individualização do cuidado perigestacional, visando o bem-estar do binômio materno-fetal