Parboiled rice bran in japanese quail diets at growing phase and residual effect at laying period

Rice is the second largest cereal crop in the world and the by-products resulting from rice processing for human consumption are potential feedstuffs to compose poultry diets. In this sense, it was evaluated the influence of parboiled rice bran (PRB) in diets for Japanese quails in growing phase on the performance and digestibility, besides of residual effects and characteristics of egg quality in laying phase. A total of 324 Japanese quails with 7 days of age were distributed in a completely randomized design, with 6 treatments and 6 replicates of 9 birds. The treatments consisted of 6 isonutritives diets, being a control diet without PRB and the others containing 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. At the end of growing phase the birds were allotted in cages and fed the same diet without PRB at laying phase. At growing phase, the inclusion of PRB up to 5% promoted linear reduction in dry matter and gross energy digestibilities of diet; however a linear increase in metabolizable energy was noted. Feed intake, weight gain and final weight were reduced but not altering feed:gain ratio and body composition. At laying phase, the inclusion of PRB increased the age at first egg production but no influence was verified at age to reach 50% of egg production. No effect was verified at laying percentage, feed intake, weight and egg mass and feed:gain ratio. In economical evaluation, the inclusion of up to 25% of parboiled rice bran provided best economical indexes. The inclusion of PRB Japanese quails diets at growing phase can be recommended in levels up to 25%, without incurring future losses at laying phase

Infestação por carrapatos em Boa constrictor constrictor (Linnaeus, 1758) de cativeiro, em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte

No presente estudo identificou-se carrapatos coletados em Boa constrictor constrictor provenientes do Parque Zoobotânico Onélio Porto da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. Foi realizadobusca de carrapatos encontrados no ambiente de manutenção das serpentes. Na superfície corporal das mesmas, foram coletados 63 ixodídeos, identificados como 12 fêmeas e 18 ninfas de Amblyomma rotundatum; 33 argasídeos, sendo duas fêmeas, 30 larvas e uma ninfa pertencentes ao gênero Ornithodoros. No Parque Zoobotânico Onélio Porto da UFERSA foram coletados 481 carrapatos, sendo Amblyomma (136 fêmeas; uma ninfa) e Ornithodoros (265 fêmeas, 23 machos, 52 ninfas e quatro larvas). Em Mossoró, RN através do presente estudo notifica-se pela primeira vez o parasitismo por Ornithodoros sp. em B. constrictor mantidas em cativeiro

Limestone particle size and artificial light for laying hens in the second laying cycle

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of limestone particle size and the use of artificial light for laying hens in the second laying cycle. We used 240 Hisex White laying hens at 82 weeks of age in a completely randomized design in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement, resulting in 10 treatments with 4 replicates of 6 birds. The variables were the five particle sizes obtained by increasing the proportion of thick limestone (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) compared with thin limestone and two lighting programs: with and without artificial light. Limestone particle size and light did not affect performance or egg quality. However, there were changes in bird feeding schedule throughout the day as a response to the lighting program. Bone quality, density and mineral content of the tibia were not affected by the treatments, but limestone particle size had a quadratic effect of on bone deformity and strength, obtaining maximum inclusion points with 63% and 59% of thick limestone, respectively. The use of large particles of limestone in the diet and the use of a lighting program does not influence the performance and quality of the eggs of laying hens in the second production cycle, but the use of a proportion of 63.3 g of average particle size (0.60 mm) replacing the fine limestone (0.23 mm) per 100 g of total limestone added to the diet improves bone quality in these birds

Parboiled rice whole bran in laying diets for Japanese quails

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of parboiled rice whole bran (PRWB) inclusion in laying diets for Japanese quails, on their performance, egg quality, and economic viability. A total of 448 17-week-old quails were weighed and distributed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and eight replicates of eight birds each. A control diet (no PRWB) and six diets, containing 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% of PRWB, were tested. The increasing levels of PRWB did not affected nutrient digestibility coefficient, dietary energy use, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and the economic viability indices. However, there was a linear decrease in egg shell percentage, specific weight, and yolk color. The inclusion of up to 30% PRWB in the diet allows nutrient utilization and performance similar to those obtained by the control group, and it is economically viable

Farelo integral de arroz parboilizado na ração de postura para codornas japonesas

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of parboiled rice whole bran (PRWB) inclusion in laying diets for Japanese quails, on their performance, egg quality, and economic viability. A total of 448 17‑week‑old quails were weighed and distributed in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and eight replicates of eight birds each. A control diet (no PRWB) and six diets, containing 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% of PRWB, were tested. The increasing levels of PRWB did not affected nutrient digestibility coefficient, dietary energy use, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and the economic viability indices. However, there was a linear decrease in egg shell percentage, specific weight, and yolk color. The inclusion of up to 30% PRWB in the diet allows nutrient utilization and performance similar to those obtained by the control group, and it is economically viable.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da inclusão do farelo integral de arroz parboilizado (FIAP) na ração de postura para codornas japonesas sobre seu desempenho, qualidade dos ovos e viabilidade econômica. Um total de 448 codornas, com 17 semanas de idade, foi pesado e distribuído em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos e oito repetições, de oito aves cada. Uma dieta controle (sem FIAP) e seis dietas, com 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30% de FIAP, foram testadas. Os níveis crescentes de FIAP não afetaram o coeficiente de digestibilidade dos nutrientes, o aproveitamento da energia das rações, o consumo, a produção, o peso e a massa de ovos, e os índices de viabilidade econômica. Entretanto, observou-se redução linear na percentagem de casca, no peso específico e na cor da gema. A inclusão de até 30% de FIAP na ração possibilita aproveitamento dos nutrientes e desempenho semelhantes aos obtidos pelo grupo‑controle e é economicamente viável

Aspectos epidemiológicos e sanitários das criações de caprinos na regiâo da Chapada do Apodi

Goat farming is developed in all Northeast of Brazil, constituting an important social-economic activity. However, ecto and endoparasitoses with the low technology applied are considered limitings factors to the activity. Thus, a epidemiologist study of Goats was carried through in 18 properties of the apodiense zone (5o39'50''S and 37o47'56''W), city of the micro region of the Chapada of the Apodi, without defined racial standard, through the application of questionnaires, with the analysis of the data carried through by the direct simple frequency. How much atention to the sanitary aspects, it was verified that the vermifuge is practised by 94,5% of the creators, where 27,8% make the application four times per year, 38,9% three, 27,8% two and 5,5% do not carry through the vermifuge. In relation to the parasitology of excremental, only 16.7% of the creators carry through the examination routinely, with the ivermectina being the most active principle used (44% of the properties). The responsible great lice for 66,7% from this we could also noticed that 88.9% of the creators carry through the control of ectoparasitas. Eimeriose is only controlled in 66,7% of the creations, but 16.7% of the producers vaccinates against clostridiose, while 5.6% against rabies. The predominant system of creation in the critical period is the half-intensive. This way, it was detected that the practical error of handling are one of the main factors that contribute for the high rate of mortality and the low benefit from the activity in the region.A caprinocultura desenvolve-se em todo o Nordeste brasileiro constituindo uma importante atividade sócio- econômica. No entanto, as ecto e endoparasitoses e o baixo nível tecnológico aplicado são considerados fatores limitantes à atividade. Assim, foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico em 18 propriedades da zona apodiense (5o39’50’’S e 37o47’56’’W), município da microrregião da Chapada do Apodi, em caprinos, sem padrão racial definido, através da aplicação de questionários, com a análise dos dados realizada pela freqüência simples direta. Quanto aos aspectos sanitários, foi verificado que a vermifugação é praticada por 94,5% dos criadores, onde 27,8% fazem a aplicação quatro vezes por ano, 38,9% três, 27,8% duas e 5,5% não realizam a vermifugação. Em relação ao parasitológico de fezes, apenas 16,7% dos criadores realizam o exame rotineiramente, com a ivermectina sendo o princípio ativo mais utilizado (44% das propriedades). Pôde-se notar também que 88,9% dos criadores realizam o controle de ectoparasitas, sendo o piolho grande responsável por 66,7% desta. A eimeriose só é controlada em 66,7% das criações. Apenas 16,7% dos produtores vacinam contra clostridiose, enquanto 5,6% contra raiva. O sistema de criação predominante no período crítico é o semi-intensivo. Desse modo, detectou-se que as práticas errôneas de manejo é um dos fatores que mais contribuem para a elevada taxa de mortalidade e o baixo desfrute da atividade na região.La caprinocultura se desarrolla en todo el Nordeste brasileño constituyendo una importante actividad socio- económica. Sin embargo, las ecto y endoparasitoses y el bajo nivel tecnológico aplicado son considerados factores limitantes a la actividad. Así, fue realizado un estudio epidemiológico en 18 propiedades de la zona apodiense (5o39’50’’S y 37o47’56’’W), municipio de la microrregião de la Chapada de Apodi, en caprinos, sin patrón racial definido, a través de la aplicación de cuestionarios, con el análisis de los datos realizada por la frecuencia simple directa. Cuanto a los aspectos sanitarios, fue verificado que la vermifugação es practicada por un 94,5% de los creadores, donde un 27,8% hacen la aplicación cuatro veces por año, un 38,9% tres, un 27,8% dos y un 5,5% no realizan la vermifugação. En relación al parasitológico de heces, sólo un 16,7% de los creadores realizan el examen rutinariamente, con la ivermectina siendo el principio activo más utilizado (un 44% de las propiedades). Se pudo notar también que un 88,9% de los creadores realizan el control de ectoparasitas, siendo el piojo grande responsable por un 66,7% de esta. La eimeriose sólo es controlada en un 66,7% de las creaciones. Sólo un 16,7% de los productores vacunan contra clostridiose, mientras un 5,6% contra rabia. El sistema de creación predominante en el periodo crítico es el semi-intensivo. De ese modo, se detectó que las prácticas erróneas de manejo es uno de los factores que más contribuyen para la elevada tasa de mortalidad y el bajo disfrute de la actividad en la regio

Inclusion of leucaena leaf hay in the diet of laying hens during the growing phase

Current experiment evaluated the effects of inclusion of leucaena leaf hay (LLH) on the performance and nutrient digestibility of diets for laying hens during the growth phase (14-18 weeks). Ninety pullets (Rhode Island Red and New Hampshire) were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments (0%, 5% and 10% inclusion of LLH) and five replicates, with six birds. Feed intake (g bird-1 day-1), weight gain (g bird-1 day-1), feed conversion (kg kg-1), metabolizable energy intake (kcal bird-1 day-1), intake of crude protein (g bird-1 day-1), coefficients of dry matter (CDDM) and gross energy (CDCE), nitrogen digestibility (CDN), apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) were evaluated. The inclusion of LLH did not statistically influence CDN, AME and AMEn of diet. However, this inclusion significantly affected CDDM and CDCE, resulting in lower CDDM and CDCE with inclusion of 10%. Whereas the use of nutrients by chicks fed on diets with the inclusion of LLH allowed the same amount of metabolizable energy, inclusion of up to 10% of LLH diet during the growth phase (14-19 weeks) of laying hens (Rhode Island Red and New Hampshire) may be recommended