16 research outputs found
Présentation des principaux sites et indices de Cerny de Haute-Normandie
National audienc
La culture de Cerny en Haute-Normandie (Ve millénaire avant J.-C.)
Le Cerny, culture du Néolithique moyen I du Nord de la France identifiée par G. Bailloud en 1964, est demeuré depuis cette date une période encore très peu documentée en Haute-Normandie. Grâce aux interventions de l’AFAN et de l’INRAP, plusieurs sites ont été mis au jour ces dernières années, permettant d’effectuer une première synthèse sur cette culture qui compte à son actif 17 sites recensés. Deux faciès chronologiques ont été identifiés à l’image de ceux établis dans les autres régions du Bassin parisien. Mais c’est le faciès ancien dit « éponyme » qui est de loin le mieux représenté dans notre région, et dont nous présentons les principales caractéristiques matérielles.The Cerny culture, dating back to the Middle Neolithic I and identified by G. Bailloud in 1964, is remained since this date very little documented in Upper Normandy. Thanks to the AFAN and the INRAP, several sites have been discovered these last years, allowing to make a first synthesis on this culture which counts 17 sites actually known. Two chronologicalfacies have been identified, similar to those of the Paris Basin. But the ancient facies, called “eponymous”, is by far the most present in our region. We describe here its principal material features
Une petite nécropole de La Tène ancienne à Neufchâtel-en-Bray (Seine-Maritime). Méthodologie pour une anthropologie appliquée au diagnostic archéologique et résultats
Un diagnostic archéologique a permis la mise en évidence et l’étude d’un petit pôle funéraire, situé en marge d’un habitat non identifié. Cette petite nécropole est constituée de six inhumations et d’une crémation. Bien qu’aucune organisation n’ait pu être mise en évidence, nous pouvons constater une relative concentration des fosses sépulcrales. Malgré une mauvaise conservation et une faible représentativité de l’échantillon, plusieurs observations ont pu être effectuées tant sur le mode d’inhumation des défunts que sur leurs caractéristiques biologiques. L’ensemble a été daté de la fin du 1er âge du fer au début du 2nd, grâce à un vase situliforme accompagnant l’un des individus et à trois céramiques imbriquées utilisées pour la crémation.A preliminary archaeological diagnosis led to the detection and study of a small funerary pole close to an unidentified settlement. The small necropolis includes six burial and one cremation sites. Although no structure was found, a relative concentration of sepulchral tombs was recorded. Furthermore, in spite of weathered conditions and the poor representativeness of samples, several observations were made concerning the remains of the deceased with regard to both their burial method and their biological characteristics. The overall site has been dated between the end of the First Iron Age and the beginning of the Second, on the basis of a bucket-shaped (situliform) vase lying beside one of the individuals and of three imbricated ceramics inside one another
Design of an In Vitro Model to Screen the Chemical Reactivity Induced by Polyphenols and Vitamins during Digestion: An Application to Processed Meat
Processed meats’ nutritional quality may be enhanced by bioactive vegetable molecules, by preventing the synthesis of nitrosamines from N-nitrosation, and harmful aldehydes from lipid oxidation, through their reformulation. Both reactions occur during digestion. The precise effect of these molecules during processed meats’ digestion must be deepened to wisely select the most efficient vegetable compounds. The aim of this study was to design an in vitro experimental method, allowing to foresee polyphenols and vitamins’ effects on the chemical reactivity linked to processed meats’ digestion. The method measured the modulation of end products formation (specific nitroso-tryptophan and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)), by differential UV-visible spectrophotometry, according to the presence or not of phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, rutin, naringin, naringenin) or vitamins (ascorbic acid and trolox). The reactional medium was supported by an oil in water emulsion mimicking the physico-chemical environment of the gastric compartment. The model was optimized to uphold the reactions in a stable and simplified model featuring processed meat composition. Rutin, chlorogenic acid, naringin, and naringenin significantly inhibited lipid oxidation. N-nitrosation was inhibited by the presence of lipids and ascorbate. This methodology paves the way for an accurate selection of molecules within the framework of processed meat products reformulation
Detection of Frozen–Thawed Duck Fatty Liver by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: A Chemometrics Study
International audienceThe marketing of poultry livers is only authorized as fresh, frozen, or deep-frozen. The higher consumer demand for these products for a short period of time may lead to the marketing of frozen–thawed poultry livers: this constitutes fraud. The aim of this study was to design a method for distinguishing frozen–thawed livers from fresh livers. For this, the spectral fingerprint of liver proteins was acquired using Matrix-Assisted Laser Dissociation Ionization-Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometry. The spectra were analyzed using the chemometrics approach. First, principal component analysis studied the expected variability of commercial conditions before and after freezing–thawing. Then, the discriminant power of spectral fingerprint of liver proteins was assessed using supervised model generation. The combined approach of mass spectrometry and chemometrics successfully described the evolution of protein profile during storage time, before and after freezing-thawing, and successfully discriminated the fresh and frozen–thawed livers. These results are promising in terms of fraud detection, providing an opportunity for implementation of a reference method for agencies to fight fraud
La variabilité des corpus céramiques méridionaux au Néolithique final-chalcolithique
ABSTRACT This study aims of analysing, synchronically and diachronically, the stylistic variability of Late Neolithic and Chalcolithic pottery from Provence and Languedoc. The questions concerned the evolution of the design structure, on the degree of spatial variability, or the evolutive dynamics of styles within each regional entity. We try to understand whether structural or spatial changes of ceramic styles could be explained in terms of individual or collective behaviour and what were the conditions of technical transfer from center to periphery.RÉSUMÉ Ce travail a pour objectif d'analyser et d'interpréter la variabilité stylistique des corpus céramiques du Néolithique final et du Chalcolithique en Provence et Languedoc, tant sur un plan synchronique que sur un plan diachronique. Les questions posées ont porté sur l'évolution des structures décoratives, sur le degré de variabilité spatiale au sein de chaque style ou faciès régional, et sur la dynamique évolutive des styles. Nous avons cherché à comprendre si les changements structuraux ou spatiaux des styles céramiques pouvaient être interprétés en terme de comportements individuels ou collectifs, et quelles étaient les modalités de transferts techniques du centre vers la périphérie.Giligny François, Salanova Laure, David Christian, Dechezleprêtre Thierry, Durand Stéphane, Grouber Pierre, Peake Rebecca, Perrin Thomas, Pierrat Jean-Marc, Théron Véronique, Timsit Dominique, Weller Olivier. La variabilité des corpus céramiques méridionaux au Néolithique final-chalcolithique. In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 94, n°2, 1997. pp. 237-258