INCORPORATING EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROJECTIONS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY INTO AN OPEN ECONOMY GROWTH MODEL: AIDS IN SOUTH AFRICA

HIV prevalence dynamics are introduced into a three sector, neoclassical growth model. The model is calibrated to South African national accounts data and used to examine the potential impact of HIV/AIDS on economic growth. Projections portend if left unchecked, the long run impact of HIV and AIDS could drive South African GDP to levels that are over 60% less than no-HIV levels, with AIDS death rates decreasing the long run stock of labor by over 60%.Health Economics and Policy,

The effects of solution pH and nitrogen rate on the yield of foliar fertilized soybeans

Yield increases of soybeans sprayed with foliar fertilizers containing N, P, K and S during the seed-filling period have been inconsistent. It was hypothesized that the pH of the foliar fertilizer solution may effect the absorption and/or translocation of N, P, K and S. Field experiments were conducted in 1977 and 1978 to determine if the pH or N rate of the foliar solution would affect soybean yields. The pH of the solutions ranged from 2.7 to 7.2 and the N rate varied from 45 to 135 kg/ha/year. Phosphorus, potassium and sulfur were applied at the rate of 9, 27 and 4.5 kg/ha/year;The foliar fertilizer applications did not affect the dry weights of the plant parts--leaves, stems, petioles, pods and beans. However, the nutrient concentrations of the plant parts were increased by the foliar fertilizer applications. At maturity about 75-80% of the N and P in the plants and 55% of the K in the plants were found in the beans;Soybean plant heights averaged about 122-125 cm and were not affected by the applications of foliar fertilizers. The foliar fertilized plants produced approximately six more pods per plant than did the nonfertilized plants. The number of beans per pod, ranging from 2.1 to 2.4 beans per pod, was not influenced by the application of the foliar fertilizers. The foliar fertilizers reduced the bean size in 1977, but had no effect on the size of beans in 1978. Yields of soybeans at maturity were not affected by the foliar fertilizers in either year. The yields ranged from 3577 to 3904 kg/ha in 1977 and ranged from 4091 to 4534 in 1978

Recent Trends in Software Engineering Research As Seen Through Its Publications

This study provides some insight into the field of software engineering through analysis of its recent research publications. Data for this study are taken from the ACM\u27s Guide to Computing Literature (GUIDE) They include both the professionally assigned Computing Classification System (CCS) descriptors and the title text of each software engineering publication reviewed by the GUIDE from 1998 through 2001. The first part of this study provides a snapshot of software engineering by applying co-word analysis techniques to the data. This snapshot indicates recent themes or areas of interest, which, when compared with the results from earlier studies, reveal current trends in software engineering. Software engineering continues to have no central focus. Concepts like software development, process improvement, applications, parallelism, and user interfaces are persistent and, thus, help define the field, but they provide little guidance for researchers or developers of academic curricula. Of more interest and use are the specific themes illuminated by this study, which provide a clearer indication of the current interests of the field. Two prominent themes are the related issues of programming-in-the-large and best practices. Programming-in-the-large is the term often applied to large-scale and long-term software development, where project and people management, code reusability, performance measures, documentation, and software maintenance issues take on special importance. These issues began emerging in earlier periods, but seem to have risen to prominence during the current period. Another important discovery is the trend in software development toward using networking and the Internet. Many network- and Internet-related descriptors were added to the CCS in 1998. The prominent appearance and immediate use of these descriptors during this period indicate that this is a real trend and not just an aberration caused by their recent addition. The titles of the period reflect the prominent themes and trends. In addition to corroborating the keyword analysis, the title text confirms the relevance of the CCS and its most recent revision. By revealing current themes and trends in software engineering, this study provides some guidance to the developers of academic curricula and indicates directions for further research and study

Coupled Enzyme Activity and Thermal Shift Screening of the Maybridge Rule of 3 Fragment Library Against Trypanosoma brucei Choline Kinase; A Genetically Validated Drug Target

In this study we interrogate 630 compounds of the Maybridge Rule of 3 Fragment Library for compounds that interact with, and inhibit TbCK. The Maybridge Rule of 3 Fragment Library is a small collection of quantifiable diverse, pharmacophoric rich, chemical entities that comply with the following criteria; MW ≤ 300, cLogP ≤ 3, H-Bond Acceptors ≤ 3, H-Bond Donors ≤ 3, Rotatable bonds (Flexibility Index) ≤ 3, Polar Surface Area ≤ 60 Å2 and aqueous solubility ≥ 1 mM using LogS and high purity (≥ 95%). Comparisons between two different screening methods, a coupled enzyme activity assay and differential scanning fluorimetry, has allowed identification of compounds that interact and inhibit the T. brucei choline kinase, several of which possess selective trypanocidal activity. Screening of a comparatively small fragment library by two different screening methods has allowed identification of several compounds that interact with and inhibit TbCK, a genetically validated drug target against African sleeping sickness. Some of the inhibitory fragments were also selectively trypanocidal, considering these are relatively simple molecules with no optimization, finding low μΜ inhibitors is very encouraging. Moreover some of the morphological phenotypes of these trypanocidal compounds include cell-cycle arrests similar to those observed for the TbCK conditional knockout grown under permissive conditions

Soybean cyst nematode

"Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a plant nematode. Nematodes are microscopic roundworms, and plant nematodes feed on plant parts. Many different kinds of nematodes exist, and their common names often reflect their most important host."--First page.Terry L. Niblack (Department of Plant Pathology), and George S. Smith (Integrated Pest Management, College of Agriculture)Revised 2/90/10

Axial Multicentric Osteosarcoma in an English Cocker Spaniel

No abstract available

Basic Astronomy Labs

Providing the tools and know-how to apply the principles of astronomy first-hand, these 43 laboratory exercises each contain an introduction that clearly shows budding astronomers why the particular topic of that lab is of interest and relevant to astronomy. About one-third of the exercises are devoted solely to observation, and no mathematics is required beyond simple high school algebra and trigonometry.Organizes exercises into six major topics—sky, optics and spectroscopy, celestial mechanics, solar system, stellar properties, and exploration and other topics—providing clear outlines of what is involved in the exercise, its purpose, and what procedures and apparatus are to be used. Offers variations on standard and popular exercises, and includes many that are new and innovative, such as The Messier List which helps users discover basic facts about the Milky Way Galaxy by plotting these objects on a star chart; Motions of Earth demonstrates just how fast the Earth is moving through space and in which direction it is going, and; Radioactivity and Time which measures the half-life of a short-lived isotope, and consider radioactive dating and heating of celestial bodies. Includes a guide to astronomical pronunciations, a guide to the constellations, spectral classifications, quotes on science, and more. For astronomers

Crop Fertilization on East Texas Soils.

4 p

Crop Fertilization on East Texas Soils.

4 p