Submission to the Legal Affairs and Community Safety Committee: Youth Justice (Boot Camp Orders) and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2012

This submission addresses the Youth Justice (Boot Camp Orders) and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2012 which has as its objectives (1) the introduction of a Boot Camp Order as an option instead of detention for young offenders and (2) the removal of the option of court referred youth justice conferencing for young offenders. As members of the QUT Faculty of Law Centre for Crime and Justice we welcome the invitation to participate in the discussion of these issues which are critically important to the Queensland community at large but especially to our young people

The Impact of Team Outcomes, Brand Connection, and Game Attendance on the Corporate Image of a Stadium Naming-Rights Sponsor

The impact of sport sponsorship on perceptions of the sponsor has become a well-established line of research, but the examination of the special case of stadium naming-rights sponsors has only just begun to gain momentum. The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of primary tenet success/failure, game attendance, and team connection on the corporate image, reputation, and credibility of the naming-rights sponsor. MetLife Stadium in the New York City metropolitan area was chosen as the unique context for this examination. The results indicated that game attendance had a significant effect on respondents’ image of MetLife. Full results, as well as practical and theoretical implications, are discussed

Naming-rights Sponsorship Outcomes and the Role of Fan Connections to College Campuses and Stadia

Despite the immense focus on revenue generation in college sport, only a small number of NCAA Division I institutions have come to agreements with naming-rights sponsors for their football stadia (Popp, Eddy, & McEvoy, 2015). The key underlying issue is that many institutions are concerned about the effect a corporately-named football stadium will have on key stakeholders, and whether this commercialization will be seen as an attack on tradition (Bentubo, 2007). However, fans’ attitudes toward naming rights relative to their perceptions of tradition and their attachment to college football stadiums are two areas which have received some attention in the literature, but are still not well understood (Chen & Zhang, 2012; Eddy, 2014). While constructs such as team identification, attitudes toward sponsorship, and attitudes toward commercialism have received regular attention in the sponsorship literature, the attention to fan’s perceptions toward tradition, team history, and the stadium itself has been more scattered (Cornwell, Weeks, & Roy, 2005; Walraven, Koning, & van Bottenburg, 2012). The same can be said of the more general consumer behavior literature, although Boyle and Magnusson (2007) did find that a team’s history and venue contributed to fans’ social identity formation. Lee, Lee, Seo, and Green (2012) also found that the stronger the sense of home (or place attachment) amongst fans, then the greater their satisfaction with the stadium experience. Shifting the focus to naming-rights sponsorships, Eddy (2014) and Woisetschlager, Haselhoff, and Backhaus (2014) found that as fans felt more strongly about tradition, they tended to exhibit more negative feelings toward naming-rights sponsorships. On the relationship between sponsorship outcomes and fans’ connection to the stadium, Chen and Zhang (2012) examined what they called stadium identification (based loosely upon team identification), Eddy (2014) included the stadium as part of a team’s tradition, and Delia (2014) briefly discussed the Carrier Dome as a landmark. Collectively, these studies loosely agree that the stronger a fan’s connection to their favorite team’s home stadium, the more negative they are towards the idea of naming-rights sponsorships. However, it has been acknowledged that more research is needed on the role that the stadium plays in the processing of a naming-rights sponsorship (Chen & Zhang, 2012; Eddy, 2014). The purpose of this presentation is to propose two conceptual models to better explain the efficacy of naming-rights sponsorships in college sport settings; one for settings where the stadium currently bears a corporate name, and one for those facilities that do not have a naming partner. Theoretically, these models will provide frameworks for deeper understanding of fans’ attitudes toward tradition/history in college sports and fans’ attitudes toward naming-rights sponsorship, and could further distinguish naming-rights sponsorships as a distinct sub-area of study within sponsorship research. From an industry standpoint, it is expected that future empirical findings that utilize these frameworks will help practitioners better understand how fans perceive stadiums, the importance of the stadium as a way of connecting with their favorite teams, and the role that connection plays in fans’ processing of naming-rights agreements. Additionally, findings could provide evidence that college athletic administrators can use in evaluating the feasibility of future naming opportunities

澳大利亚用于公共工程和供水的地价征税及收费

澳大利亚的地价税和市政服务费的故事是复杂的,它混合着灵感、成功、自满和安逸，随之而来的是滑坡、衰变和由误导性“改革”导致的逐渐放弃。在为公用事业融资方面,澳大利亚所开拓的体制远优于美国对垄断性公用事业进行监管的体制，相信霍特林和维克里等经济学家也会为之赞赏。一次性的付费和地价税补偿了这些公用事业资本投资的固定成本，用户只需对运营成本付费。然而,在改革的幌子下，以及在垄断性的私人寻租者的利益驱动下和州财政对变相收入的渴望下,国民竞争政策被错误地引向英国私有化模式，但英国模式比美国的模式还要差(至少美国监管部门是不允许美国公用事业从曾未投资的资金中获取回报）

土地租税理论述评

亚当·斯密采纳了重农主义的分析，他同意如下的观点：一切价格都转化成了生产产品的生产要素的回报。在自由竞争下，任何生产要素获得的非均衡盈余，最终会通过竞争消失。这样，一切价格都化成了地租、劳动工资或股票（物质资本）利润。对于税收，一切税收都化作了对土地、劳动和资本这三大要素的收入征税。然而，资本和劳动力会损耗消减、无法增殖、或是迁走。面对税负增加时不会逃离的公共收入基础只有一个——土地。靠地租获得公共收入是个古老的想法。法国重农学派早已指出，地租是政府支出的财政基础（法语是“impôt unique”，即单一税——译者注）。亚当·斯密、约翰·斯图亚特·穆勒、亨利·乔治以及其他古典主义学者承袭了通过按土地价值征税来获取地租的思想。后来的经济学家，如Harry Gunnison Brown、哈罗德·霍特林(Harold Hotelling)、威廉·维克里(William Vickrey)、米尔顿·弗里德曼(Milton Friedman)、马丁·费尔德斯坦(Martin Feldstein, 里根总统经济顾问委员会主席），都接受了对土地价值征税在理论上是理想税种的观点。有趣的是，对土地价值课税，或是将地租收归公共用途，得到了各界人士的支持，其中就包括温斯顿·丘吉尔(Winston Churchill)、列夫·托尔斯泰(Leo Tolstoy)伯爵和孙中山

Balloon angioplasty versus Viabahn stent graft for treatment of failing or thrombosed prosthetic hemodialysis grafts

ObjectiveTo compare the results of stent graft placement to balloon angioplasty for the treatment of stenosis at the venous anastomosis of failing and thrombosed prosthetic hemodialysis grafts.MethodsThis prospective, multicenter trial included 293 patients randomized (1:1) to the stent graft (n = 145) or balloon angioplasty (n = 148) group for treatment of stenosis at the venous anastomosis of dysfunctional (n = 164) or thrombosed (n = 129) hemodialysis grafts. The primary study end point was target lesion primary patency at 6 months; participants were followed for up to 24 months. Primary patency of the access circuit was a secondary end point. Statistical analysis of effectiveness was performed using both the intent-to-treat population and the effectiveness-per-protocol (EPP) populations for primary patency end points. Statistical analysis of additional effectiveness end points was performed using the EPP population.ResultsThe 6-month target lesion primary patency was statistically greater in the stent graft group than the balloon angioplasty group (intent-to-treat, 51.6% vs 34.2% [P = .006]; EPP, 52.9% vs 35.5% [P = .008]). Compared with the angioplasty group, the stent graft group increased the median time from the index procedure to the next intervention on the target lesion by 95 days (203 vs 108 days). Patients with dysfunctional (stenotic) grafts had higher target lesion primary patency compared with patients with thrombosed grafts regardless of treatment (EPP, stent graft, 64.6% vs 36.1% and balloon angioplasty, 45.8% vs 23.5%). When compared with angioplasty, using a stent graft for treatment of a venous anastomotic stenosis of a thrombosed graft increased the 6-month target lesion primary patency by 53.6% (EPP, 36.1% vs 23.5%).ConclusionsWhen compared with balloon angioplasty, a stent graft provided superior target lesion primary patency at 6 months for treatment of venous anastomotic stenoses of dysfunctional and thrombosed prosthetic hemodialysis grafts

A comparison of procedural programming achievement and object-oriented programming achievement in relation to cognitive skills

The recent advent of programming languages incorporating both procedural programming and object-oriented capabilities at a reasonable price for schools raises the question of whether an exposure of Year twelve information technology students to object-oriented programming is an appropriate pedagogical objective. The potential of object-oriented programming to inherit user interfaces formed the contextural justification for also considering the possibility that the addition of sophisticated user interfaces would enthuse students and provide more stimulating and exciting developmental work. An information processing model based on cognitive skills and motivational factors provided the framework within which student achievement in traditional procedural programming was compared with student achievement in object-oriented programming. Forty-eight Year twelve students, randomly assigned to procedural programming and object-oriented programming classes, were administered the Learning Style Profile. Achievement was measured in three areas of programming competence: knowledge of syntax, program modification, and program composition. Attitude towards programming was measured by the use of a liking of programming subscale, a programming difficulty subscale, and a programming usefulness subscale

Stakeholder Perceptions of an Athletic Program’s Reclassification from NCAA Division II to NCAA Division I (FCS) Membership: A Case Study

At the highest level of intercollegiate athletics, successful programs have the potential to enhance public perception, increase visibility, and enrich prestige for an institution (Beyer & Hannah, 2000; Goff, 2000). Due to these potential benefits, university officials are willing to invest tremendous amounts of energy and capital, in the form of a division reclassification, just for the opportunity to compete at this level. This transition, however, is a complex process with substantial consequences for a university and its stakeholders. Employing a mixed methodology, this case study investigated the previous management decisions and current stakeholder perceptions of an institution’s recent reclassification from National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II to Division I. The results paralleled previous reclassification research (Roy, Graeff, & Harmon, 2008; Tomasini, 2005), and provided insightful information with regard to stakeholder perceptions of the athletic department, the transition to Division I, and the institution’s overall brand of academic quality. For the benefit of university and athletic administrators considering reclassification, vital opportunities, threats, limitations, and the potential for future research related to the topic are discussed

Association of change in daily step count over five years with insulin sensitivity and adiposity: population based cohort study

Objectives: To investigate the association between change in daily step count and both adiposity and insulin sensitivity and the extent to which the association between change in daily step count and insulin sensitivity may be mediated by adiposity. Design: Population based cohort study. Setting: Tasmania, Australia. Participants: 592 adults (men (n=267), mean age 51.4 (SD 12.2) years; women (n=325), mean age 50.3 (12.3) years) who participated in the Tasmanian component of the national AusDiab Study in 2000 and 2005. Main outcome measures: Body mass index, waist to hip ratio, and HOMA insulin sensitivity at follow-up in 2005. Results: Over the five year period, the daily step count decreased for 65% (n=382) of participants. Having a higher daily step count in 2005 than in 2000 was independently associated with lower body mass index (0.08 (95% confidence interval 0.04 to 0.12) lower per 1000 steps), lower waist to hip ratio (0.15 (0.07 to 0.23) lower), and greater insulin sensitivity (1.38 (0.14 to 2.63) HOMA units higher) in 2005. The mean increase in HOMA units fell to 0.34 (-0.79 to 1.47) after adjustment for body mass index in 2005. Conclusions: Among community dwelling, middle aged adults, a higher daily step count at five year follow-up than at baseline was associated with better insulin sensitivity. This effect seems to be largely mediated through lower adiposity