Effect of left ventricular volume on results of coronary artery bypass grafting

After coronary artery bypass grafting, our patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and significant left ventricular (LV) dilation demonstrated an improvement in angina symptoms, acceptable operative and medium-term survival, a trend toward improvement in LV ejection fraction, and a significant reduction in LV chamber size. Our results suggest that patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and LV dilation should not be excluded from surgical revascularization based on ventricular size alone

Arctic ozone loss in Siberia in 2011 and 2012

The atmospheric ozone plays an important role in understanding of the processes occurring in the atmosphere and changes in the climate. Total ozone observations in Siberia were performed by Brewer MKIV No. 049 spectrophotometer in Tomsk, Western Siberia and SAOZ UV-Vis spectrometers deployed along the Arctic Circle in Salekhard aerological station since 1998 and Zhigansk aerological station in Eastern Siberia since 1991. We also use 2Z-ECC ozonesondes for ozone profile observations in winter-spring period at the Salekhard aerological station at the in Western Siberia and ECC-6A sondes at the drifting North Pole station NP-38 in the Central Arctic area. During the winter-spring season in 2011, Arctic ozone in the 19-21 km altitude region was observed to be more than 70% less that typical values. In the winter-spring of 2012, on the other hand, Arctic conditions were overall much warmer than in 2011, and no evidence of significant ozone loss was seen above the Asiatic regions of Russian Federation. The aim of the paper is to describe which and where these measurements were carried out and illustrate their performances by some examples of ozone data measured in Western and Eastern Siberia, Russia such as that which occurred in the winter-spring season of 2011

Total ozone and ozone profile observations by SAOZ, Brewer and ozonesondes in Russia

Daily total ozone measurements are carried out in Kislovodsk, Obninsk, European Russia, and in Tomsk, Central Siberia, using the Brewer MKII N°043, Brewer MKII N°044 and Brewer MKIV N°049 spectrophotometers. The accuracy of routine total ozone observation at direct sun measurement is 2-3%. Under cloudless conditions at air mass factor less than 4, the accuracy of total ozone direct sun measurements approaches 1%. The SAOZ (Systeme d'Analyse par Observation Zenitale) is UV-visible (300-650 nm) diode array spectrometer developed at the Service d'Aeronomie, CNRS, France for monitoring stratospheric ozone and NO2. Zenith sky measurements of atmospheric gases at twilight (86 < solar zenith angle < 91 ) are used. There are 15 SAOZ instruments in the SAOZ network around the world. Two instruments are located at the Arctic Circle in Russia at Zhigansk since 1992 and Salekhard since 1998. The accuracy of total ozone measurement is 6% and 10% for nitrogen dioxide observations. The ozonesonde observations of atmospheric ozone profiles at Salekhard aerological station are carried out since 1997. Currently, we use 2Z-ECC ozonesondes for ozone profile observations in the winter-spring periods. The results of ozonesounding at Salekhard station are in the NDACC database. In December 2012 and in January 2013 we plan to upgrade this ozonesounding station with the iMet-1 radiosonde and ECC 2Z-V7 ozonesonde. This type of ozonesonde will be used in the winter-spring season of 2013. The resulting total ozone and ozonesonde profile measurements recorded in 2012 and in January-March 2013 by the SAOZ, Brewer and ozonesode instruments will be presented and discussed

Brewer, SAOZ and Ozonesonde Observations in Siberia

International audienceRegular ground-based measurements of total ozone are available over the full Russian territory using M-124 filter ozonometers, Brewer spectrophotometers, and Système d'Analyse par Observation Zénithale (SAOZ) spectrometers in the Arctic region where these observations are essential for evaluating ozone loss in winter. Daily measurements are performed by three Brewer spectrophotometers; these are located in Kislovodsk (43.7°N, 42.7°E), Obninsk (55.1°N, 36.6°E), and Tomsk (56.5°N, 85.1°E). Two SAOZ spectrometers are deployed at the Arctic Circle in Salekhard (66.5°N, 66.7°E) and Zhigansk (66.8°N, 123.4°E). In addition, regular winter-spring ozonesonde soundings are carried out in Salekhard. Altogether, they have provided the unique measurements over the eastern Arctic required for characterizing ozone loss during each winter and will also monitor the anticipated ozone recovery following the reduction of chlorine and bromine ozone-depleting substances in the atmosphere. RÉSUMÉ [Traduit par la rédaction] Des mesures de l'épaisseur totale de la colonne d'ozone faites régulièrement depuis le sol sont disponibles pour l'ensemble du territoire russe avec des ozonomètres à filtre M-124 et des spectrophotomètres Brewer ainsi que des spectromètres SAOZ (Système d'analyse par observation zénithale) dans la région arctique, où elles sont essentielles pour évaluer la perte d'ozone en hiver. Trois spectrophotomètres Brewer prennent des mesures quotidiennement; ils sont situés à Kislovodsk (43,7°N, 42,7°E), Obninsk (55,1°N, 36,6°E) et à Tomsk (56,5°N, 85,1°E). Deux spectromètres SAOZ sont déployés sur le cercle arctique à Salekhard (66,5°N, 66,7°E) et à Zhigansk (66,8°N, 123,4°E). De plus, des sondages par ozonosondes sont régulièrement effectués en hiver et au printemps à Salekhard. Tous ensemble, ces instruments ont fourni pour l'est de l'Arctique des mesures uniques nécessaires pour étudier la perte d'ozone durant chaque hiver et ils surveilleront aussi le rétablissement attendu de la couche d'ozone par suite de la réduction des substances chlorées et bromées dans l'atmosphère qui détruisent la couche d'ozone