Økologisk svineproduktions miljøpåvirkning

Beslutningsstøtte model til estimering af miljøpåvirkninger på bedriftsnivea

Økologisk svineproduktions miljøpåvirkninger. Beslutningsstøttemodel til estimering af miljøpåvirkninger på bedriftsniveau. Model + Brugermanual

Modellen gør det muligt for producenter og rådgivere at estimere den enkelte besætnings miljøpåvirkninger, på baggrund af bedriftens egne data, og giver hermed et bedre grundlag end i dag, for også at inddrage de miljømæssige effekter i diskussionen, f.eks. når en ny besætning skal startes op

3 præsentationer fra Økologisk-Kongres 2017

3 præsentationer fra pEcoSystem projektet til Økologi-Kongress 2017 1)Bedre grisemiljø versus lavere klima- og miljøpåvirkning? Eller både og? 2)10 ugers fravænning 3)Træer i folde fordele og ulempe

The importance of including soil carbon changes, ecotoxicity and biodiversity impacts in environmental life cycle assessments of organic and conventional milk in Western Europe

Estimates of soil carbon changes, biodiversity and ecotoxicity have often been missing from life cycle assessment based studies of organic dairy products, despite evidence that the impacts of organic and conventional management may differ greatly within these areas. The aim of the present work was therefore to investigate the magnitude of including these impact categories within a comprehensive environmental impact assessment of organic and conventional dairy systems differing in basic production conditions. Three basic systems representative of a range of European approaches to dairy production were selected for the analysis, i.e. (i) low-land mixed crop-livestock systems, (ii) lowland grassland-based systems, (iii) and mountainous systems. As in previous publications, this study showed that when assessing climate change, eutrophication and acidification impact organic milk has similar or slightly lower impact than conventional, although land-use is higher under organic management. Including soil carbon changes reduced the global warming potential by 5–18%, mostly in organic systems with a high share of grass in the ration. The impacts of organic milk production on freshwater ecotoxicity, biodiversity and resource depletion were 2, 33 and 20% of the impacts of conventional management, respectively, across the basic systems considered. The study highlights the importance of including biodiversity, ecotoxicity and soil carbon changes in life cycle assessments when comparing organic and conventional agricultural products. Furthermore, the study shows that including more grass in the ration of dairy cows increases soil carbon sequestration and decreases the negative impact on biodiversity.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Life cycle assessment of culture media with alternative compositions for cultured meat production

Abstract Purpose Cultured meat is produced by cultivating animal cells in a bioreactor in a culture medium that provides nutrients and growth factors. Among other animal sera, fetal bovine serum (FBS) has traditionally been the most common used in the culture medium of mammalian cell cultures, i.e., 10% FBS medium that contains 10% FBS and 90% DMEM/F12 (v/v). As the aim of cultured meat is to replace livestock production, animal component-free culture media needs to be developed. Methods We analyzed the environmental impact of replacing the 10% FBS culture medium with serum substitutes, i.e., growth factors, Essential 8™, protein hydrolysates from egg-white, eggshell membrane, poultry residues, pork plasma, and pea concentrate, and Tri-basal 2.0+ITS medium that contains fbroblast growth factor (FGF-2), fetuin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and insulin transferrin selenium (ITS). Life cycle assessment with a cradle-to-gate approach was used to quantify global warming potential, freshwater and marine eutrophication, terrestrial acidifcation, land use, water consumption, fossil resource scarcity, particulate matter formation, cumulative energy demand, and ozone formation of preparing 1-L culture medium. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the impact changes under various production conditions including variations in the impact allocation strategy, production location, and energy sourcing. Results and discussion The 2% FBS medium (2% FBS, 96% DMEM/F12, and 2% growth factors (v/v)) reduced all environmental impacts where marine eutrophication had the highest reduction (77%), while land use was the least afected with a reduction of 6%. The Tri-basal 2.0+ITS and protein hydrolysates media reduced most of the analyzed environmental impacts. Protein hydrolysates from egg-white had the lowest environmental impacts reducing 81% global warming potential, 28% water consumption, 59% fossil scarcity, 87% eutrophying emissions, 91% terrestrial acidifcation, 82% particulate matter, and 70% ozone formation, compared to FBS-containing medium. Land use and energy demand were reduced the most by 17 and 37%, respectively, when the 10% FBS medium was replaced with the Tri-basal 2.0+ITS medium. Conclusions Changing the input of FBS in culture media from 10 to 2% (v/v) reduced all studied environmental impacts. Further reductions were achieved when FBS was totally replaced by basal media DMEM/F12, Essential 8™, protein hydrolysates, and recombinant growth factors. Land use was the least reduced, as it was driven by starch extraction to produce glucose for the DMEM/ F12 basal medium. Culture medium with protein hydrolysates from egg-white achieved the highest impact reductions compared with the FBS-containing medium.publishedVersio

Case report: Tackling the complexities of an extremely premature newborn with intrauterine growth restriction and congenital metabolic disorders through a multidisciplinary approach

Background and objectivesThe premature birth of a newborn can present a complex challenge for healthcare providers, particularly in cases of extreme prematurity combined with intrauterine growth restriction and multiple metabolic deficiencies. In this report, we aim to shed light on the difficulties and considerations involved in the management of such a case. In addition, our study is aimed to raise awareness of the importance of a multidisciplinary team in managing an extreme premature case with multiple comorbidities.Case presentation and main findingsWe present the case of a 28-week premature female newborn with very low birth weight (660 g, percentile <10%) and intrauterine growth restriction. She was born through emergency cesarean delivery due to maternal Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count (HELLP) syndrome and had a high-risk pregnancy (spontaneous twin pregnancy, with one fetus stopping development at 16 weeks and maternal hypertension). In the first hours of life, she presented with persistent hypoglycemia requiring progressive glucose supplementation up to 16 g/kg/day to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The baby then showed favorable progress. However, from days 24 to 25, hypoglycemia recurred and did not respond to glucose boluses or supplementation in both intravenous and oral feeds, leading to the suspicion of a congenital metabolic disorder. Endocrine and metabolic screenings led to suspicion of primary carnitine deficiency and a deficiency in hepatic form of carnitine-palmitoyltransferase type I (CPT1) on the second screening.Conclusion and clinical implicationsThe study highlights rare metabolic anomalies that can be due to both organ and system immaturity and delayed enteral feeding and excessive use of antibiotics. The clinical implications of this study emphasize the need for careful monitoring and comprehensive care of premature infants to prevent and manage potential metabolic abnormalities by neonatal metabolic screening

Impact of Dietary Patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subtypes Versus Healthy Subjects: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

peer reviewedObjectives:Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have been associated with multiple environmental factors, including diet. A dietary pattern characterized by low fiber content, high fat content and high carbohydrate content has been linked to the development of IBD. The objective of the current investigation is to examine the potential link between dietary patterns and the occurrence of IBD and to investigate whether there are any differences in relation to the type of IBD and specific food groups. Material and methods:We conducted an observational retrospective comparative study using three cohorts: 89 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, 40 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 64 healthy subjects. All participants underwent structured interviews and were required to complete a questionnaire regarding their dietary habits either prior to the onset of IBD or within the last year for control subjects. Results:A higher proportion of CD patients reported a higher rate of salt intake (71.9% vs. 53.1%, p-value = 0.043), sweetened beverages (38.2% vs. 17.2%, p-value=0.022), processed meat (66.3% vs. 40.6%, p-value=0.007), fatty meat (50.6% vs. 28.1%, p-value=0.021), fried foods (47.2% vs. 9.4%, p-value<0.001) and mayonnaise (21.3% vs. 6.2%, p-value=0.032) and a lower intake of nuts and seeds (20.2% vs. 43.8%, p-value=0.004) and yogurt (23.6% vs. 43.8%, p-value=0.030) compared to healthy subjects. Compared to controls, in the UC group there was a higher consumption of salt (85% vs. 53.1%, p-value=0.003), sweetened beverages (47.5% vs. 17.2%, p-value=0.005), fatty meat (55% vs. 28.1%, p-value=0.025) and fried foods (55% vs. 9.4%, p-value<0.001) and a lower intake of nuts and seeds (10% vs. 43.8%, p-value=0.001). Conclusion:Diet patterns before the onset of the disease are similar in patients with Crohn's disease and patients with ulcerative colitis: increased consumption of sweetened beverages, processed and fatty meat, fried food, salt, store-bought ice cream, and mayonnaise, and decreased intake of seeds, nuts, and yogurt

The science behind soft skills: Do’s and Don’ts for early career researchers and beyond. A review paper from the EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129

peer reviewedSoft skills are the elementary management, personal, and interpersonal abilities that are vital for an individual to be efficient at workplace or in their personal life. Each work place requires different set of soft skills. Thus, in addition to scientific/technical skills that are easier to access within a short time frame, several key soft skills are essential for the success of a researcher in today’s international work environment. In this paper, the trainees and trainers of the EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129 training school on soft skills present basic and advanced soft skills for early career researchers. Here, we particularly emphasize on the importance of transferable and presentation skills, ethics, literature reading and reviewing, research protocol and grant writing, networking, and career opportunities for researchers. All these skills are vital but are often overlooked by some scholars. We also provide tips to ace in aforementioned skills that are crucial in a day-to-day life of early and late career researchers in academia and industry.</ns4:p

Increased Foraging in Outdoor Organic Pig Production—Modeling Environmental Consequences

Consumers’ motivations for buying organic products include a wish of acquiring healthy, environmentally friendly products from production systems that also ensure a high level of animal welfare. However, the current Danish organic pig production faces important challenges regarding environmental impact of the system. High ammonia emissions arise from outdoor concrete areas with growing pigs and sows on pasture possess an increased risk of nitrogen (N) leaching. Direct foraging in the range area is suggested as a way to improve the nutrient efficiency at farm level and to support a more natural behavior of the pig. Thus, by modeling, we investigated the environmental consequences of two alternative scenarios with growing pigs foraging in the range area and different levels of crops available for foraging—grass–clover or a combination of Jerusalem artichokes and lucerne. It was possible to have growing pigs on free-range without increasing N leaching compared to the current practice. The alternative system with Jerusalem artichokes and lucerne (high integration of forage) showed the lowest carbon foot print with 3.12 CO2 eq kg−1 live weight pig compared to the current Danish pasture based system with 3.69 kg CO2 eq kg−1 live weight pig. Due to positive impact on soil carbon sequestration, the second alternative system based on grass-clover (low integration of forage) showed a similar carbon foot print compared to current practice with 3.68 kg CO2 eq kg−1 live weight pig. It is concluded that in practice there is room for development of organic farming systems where direct foraging plays a central role