Recuperação De área Degradada No Domínio Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Sob Diferentes Tratamentos

It was aimed to evaluate three treatments for forest restoration in an area with periodic elevation of the groundwater, in the Corredor de Biodiversidade Santa Maria, located between the cities of Santa Teresinha de Itaipu and São Miguel do Iguaçu, in Paraná state. The treatments were: control, green manure and soil solarization. It was performed a monthly monitoring of mortality and development of 12 tree native species of the region and the persistence of two invasive species present in the area, Megathyrsus maximus (coloniao grass) and Cyperus rotundus (coco grass). Furthermore, it was evaluated the changes introduced in the soil by three soil samples during the experiment. After over a year of assessment, the treatments showed no statistically significant differences on the evaluations. The mortality was more pronounced in January (12.08%), with a higher percentage for Cabralea canjerana (canjarana) and lower for Luehea divaricata (açoita-cavalo). About the seedlings development, growth was higher for: Sapium glandulatum (leiteiro-do-banhado), Croton urucurana (sangra-d’água) and Luehea divaricata, with monthly increases in diameter of 3.66 mm to 4.12 mm, and height of 12.39 cm to 17.02 cm. Regarding the dry mass of ‘colonião’ grass and coco grass (nutsedge) in all treatments, the highest values were found in January (94.14 g m-2) and February (132.76 g m-2), remaining low throughout the experiment. Through soil analyzes, it was observed that treatments showed no significant differences, however, the physical and chemical changes in the soil were sensitive to the invasive species management, which may lead to new modifications during the growth of seedlings. © 2016, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. All rights reserved.26369971

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora