Coffee-Stability of Agglomerated Whole Milk Powder and other Dairy Creamer Emulsions

End of Project ReportThe objectives of this project were: (a) to investigate the circumstances that cause milk powders and creamers to fail when added to coffee based beverages; (b) to evaluate the role of processing variables in relation to their thermostabilising effects on milk during drying of coffee whiteners; and (c) to determine the role of emulsion formation on the stability of imitation creamers.Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marin

Informal Action—Adjudication—Rule Making: Some Recent Developments in Federal Administrative Law

Direct energy consumption of ICT hardware is only “half the story.” In order to get the “whole story,” energy consumption during the entire life cycle has to be taken into account. This chapter is a first step toward a more comprehensive picture, showing the “grey energy” (i.e., the overall energy requirements) as well as the releases (into air, water, and soil) during the entire life cycle of exemplary ICT hardware devices by applying the life cycle assessment method. The examples calculated show that a focus on direct energy consumption alone fails to take account of relevant parts of the total energy consumption of ICT hardware as well as the relevance of the production phase. As a general tendency, the production phase is more and more important the smaller (and the more energy-efficient) the devices are. When in use, a tablet computer is much more energy-efficient than a desktop computer system with its various components, so its production phase has a much greater relative importance. Accordingly, the impacts due to data transfer when using Internet services are also increasingly relevant the smaller the end-user device is, reaching up to more than 90 % of the overall impact when using a tablet computer.QC 20140825</p

Energy and the Environment: Electrical Services Engineering Students Work with Local School Pupils

As part of their module Energy and the Environment, first year students in the B Tech Electrical Services Engineering had the option to engage with first year secondary school pupils in Synge Street CBS, to support them in the classroom in learning science and engineering concepts.https://arrow.tudublin.ie/civpostbk/1015/thumbnail.jp

The Intersection of Gender and Early American Historic Preservation: A Case Study of Ann Pamela Cunningham and Her Mount Vernon Preservation Effort

American historic preservationists universally credit Ann Pamela Cunningham, the woman who saved George Washington\u27s Mount Vernon home, as the chief architect of the historic preservation movement in the United States. However, little scholarship has considered how Cunningham\u27s social position as a woman significantly contributed to her ability to save Mount Vernon, and thus jumpstart a national movement to save historically significant places. Using Cunningham and the organization she formed, the Mount Vernon Ladies\u27 Association of the Union (MVLA), widely regarded as the nation\u27s first historic preservation society, this paper considers the intersection of gender and early historic preservation in the United States

Improving induction of new preschool to 12th grade teachers through differentiated induction activities tailored to individual teachers\u27 needs

The purpose of the mixed methods pilot study, which used qualitative interview data and quantitative survey data, was to investigate the impact of providing induction activities tailored to individual teacher\u27s needs on new preschool to 12th grade teachers in their first to fourth year of teaching. The district\u27s attrition rate has been significantly higher than the 30% attrition rate experienced across the nation. This study asks: How can an individualized targeted multi-faceted induction program for teachers in the first to fourth year of teaching prepare individuals for the responsibilities of teaching? From the perspective of mentors, principals, and teachers in their first to fourth year of teaching, how have induction opportunities addressed identified areas of need? Which instructional areas does a differentiated multi-faceted induction program positively impact for teachers in their first to fourth year of teaching? To what extent has the multi-faceted induction program provided opportunities for mentoring, collaboration, professional development, and reflection? The findings show how using a multitude of induction activities tailored to each teacher\u27s needs positively impacted knowledge, skills, and practices and had a high correlation to satisfaction

Absence of long-range ordered reconstruction on the GaAs(311)A surface

We have investigated the decapped GaAs(311)A surface using both scanning tunneling microscopy and synchrotron-radiation photoemission. While our data are in broad agreement with the structural model of GaAs(311)A proposed in a recent study [Wassermeier et al., Phys. Rev. B 51, 14 721 (1995)], we find considerable differences in the surface order. In particular, the As dimer rows are unbroken over much shorter length scales and are highly kinked. We observe a correspondingly lower degree of anisotropy in the surface roughness than that previously reported. An (8×1) reconstruction was not observed. An analysis of As 3d and Ga 3d core-level photoemission spectra suggests that surface As atoms are in only one bonding configuration while surface Ga adopts two different bonding states. We discuss possible origins for the core-level spectra surface components

Appropriate Use Case modeling for humanities documents

This article details a modeling methodology that is appropriate for historical, functional documents that are to be digitally represented and hosted within a software environment for humanities research. The functionality is derived from Use Case modeling that can be undertaken in consultation with the User Group. The Use Cases are an expression of the whole-system model as they embody the interaction of User, with the document, in the software environment. The encoding mechanism largely practiced within the humanities computing community is represented by the TEI, which seeks to provide a set of guidelines for encoding humanities documents. However, TEI offers no guidance in relation to creating an encoding of a document that is supportive of the software environment that will host it, the interaction mechanisms required, or the User. We argue that modeling with recourse to the Logical, the Physical and the Interaction classes enables not just the generation of an appropriate encoding scheme, but also the software to manipulate it. We situate Use Case methodology within Activity Theory and relate this to the humanities computing community. The argument is framed in relation to the creation of a digital edition of an 18th century Spanish Account Book manuscript