The relationship between aversion to school, tendency to neglect one's schoolwork and ibasyo in undergraduate students: ibasyo inside and outside the university

In this study, Minakochi, Takano, and Ikeda (in press) investigated the relationship between three types of students extracted from students' dislike of school and their tendency to neglect studies - (a) students who desired to transfer to a different university, (b) students who were inactive and negligent of their studies, and (c) students who adapted to college life - and ibasyo inside and outside the university. The subjects were 298 university students (106 men, 191 women, I unknown). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted with the three types of students as the independent variable and ibasyo inside and outside of school as the dependent variable. The results revealed that compared with other groups, (a) students who desired to transfer to a different university felt they did not have ibasyo within the school. Next, a x 2 test of the existence or absence of ibasyo outside school and the type of students was performed. No significant difference could be observed. This study suggests that support is needed to create ibasyo within the school for (a) students who desired to transfer to a different university

The relationship between aversion to school, tendency to neglect one's schoolwork and ibasho in undergraduate students : The factorial structures of passive area scale and unwillingness to attend school scale.

In this study, we investigate factorial structure of the passive area scale and the unwillingness to attend school scale. A total participant is 298 undergraduate student (male is 106, female is 191 and unknown is 1). Our exploratory factor analysis data and confirmatory factor analysis data indicate that the passive area scale has a four-factorial structure in first analysis. Each factors are named 'passive school-life", "passive one's schoolwork", "passive learning", and ''inattention". The factors which are ''passive learning" and ''inattention" show low a coefficients. Therefore, it is need to be paid attention, when these factors are used In second analysis, our exploratory factor analysis data and confirmatory factor analysis data indicate that the unwillingness to attend school scale has a four-factorial structure. Each factors are named "aversion to school" and "desire to move out". A total of scale and both factors show adequate a coefficients

The relationship between aversion to school, tendency to neglect one's schoolwork and ibasho in undergraduate students: Typology based on dislike of school and tendency to neglect studies

The purpose of this study is to typologies college students' dislike of school and their tendency to neglect studies, and to understand the characteristics of each type. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to develop the typology. The analysis extracted the following three types: I) Students who desired to transfer to a different university, 2) students who were inactive and negligent of their studies, and 3) students who adapted to college life. The group of students who desired to transfer to a different university not only did not actively interact with others during their college life, they also displayed the characteristic of feeling that there were no places where they belonged in the university (ibasho). The group of students who were inactive and negligent of their studies showed reduced desire to attend classes and do classwork; at the same time, they also displayed the characteristic of not disliking school so much that they wished to transfer out of it. The group of students who adapted to college life displayed the characteristic of being satisfied overall with college life. The above results suggest that in the case of students who desired to transfer to a different university, interpersonal relationships in college and the existence of places where they feel they belong have a greater influence on their dislike of school and intensity of the desire to transfer to a different university than does anxiety or dissatisfaction with college classes and study

The factorial structure of the dissociative experiences Scale : On sub-functions of dissociation. <Article>

This article focuses on the factorial structure of the dissociative experience scale to elucidate the sub-functions of dissociation. An initial investigation was undertaken with 269 undergraduate students (130 male, 139 female) to illustrate the factorial structure of the dissociative experience scale. Our exploratory factor analysis data indicate that the dissociative experience scale has a two-factorial structure. A subsequent investigation with 232 undergraduate students (48 male, 184 female) confirmed this structure. The analysis data from the second investigation indicate that the factorial structure provides cross-validation. The two investigations suggest that dissociation has two sub-functions, "detachment" and "compartmentalization." Furthermore, these two sub-functions may have different functions and/or purposes. Accordingly, more research is necessary to clarify which sub-functions are efficacious in what kind of experiences

An Exploratory Examination of Characteristic Patterns of Ego Function and Dream Experiences. <Article>

The objective of this research was to sort the dreams of examinees who varied along characteristic patterns of ego function and to identify characteristic experiences in the dreams. During this study, we surveyed 128 recurrent dreams, 164 unpleasant dreams and 199 impressive dreams. Five patterns of ego function and dream experience emerged. Dreamers with weak ego function and thin ego boundaries underwent more negative dream experiences. In contrast, those with strong ego function reported very positive dreams

How a disabled person's family recovered resilience through intervention by a daughter-in-law who became a companion for the disabled person <Article>

The purpose of this research was to study the family resilience recovery processes by which a woman who became the sister of a disabled person through marriage was able to improve the family's situation. The subject of the research was a 44 year-old female. She married her husband 25 years ago. Her husband's younger sister was disabled. In this research a single case study was done, through a semi-structured interview. The subject said that she had intervened on a problem of cruelty that the disabled person's family face. The family had been insular, but the subject led it to become one open to society. Furthermore, the disabled person was able to maintain a place in society, which also contributed to the recovery of her physical and emotional functions. In this way, the subject took on the role of recovering the family's resilience. However, this worsened the relation between her mother-in-law and the disabled person. This suggests that the subject's bearing everything on her shoulders was a major burden for her. In the future it is necessary to investigate the subject's life history and the husband's family and increase the number of case studies

Percutaneous Transcatheter Ballon Valvuloplasty of a Stenosed Bioprosthetic Tricuspid Valve

Article信州医学雑誌 67(5): 289-292(2019)journal articl

Putative Neural Network Within an Olfactory Sensory Unit for Nestmate and Non-nestmate Discrimination in the Japanese Carpenter Ant: The Ultra-structures and Mathematical Simulation

Ants are known to use a colony-specific blend of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) as a pheromone to discriminate between nestmates and non-nestmates and the CHCs were sensed in the basiconic type of antennal sensilla (S. basiconica). To investigate the functional design of this type of antennal sensilla, we observed the ultra-structures at 2D and 3D in the Japanese carpenter ant, Camponotus japonicus, using a serial block-face scanning electron microscope (SBF-SEM), and conventional and high-voltage transmission electron microscopes. Based on the serial images of 352 cross sections of SBF-SEM, we reconstructed a 3D model of the sensillum revealing that each S. basiconica houses &gt; 100 unbranched dendritic processes, which extend from the same number of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). The dendritic processes had characteristic beaded-structures and formed a twisted bundle within the sensillum. At the “beads,” the cell membranes of the processes were closely adjacent in the interdigitated profiles, suggesting functional interactions via gap junctions (GJs). Immunohistochemistry with anti-innexin (invertebrate GJ protein) antisera revealed positive labeling in the antennae of C. japonicus. Innexin 3, one of the five antennal innexin subtypes, was detected as a dotted signal within the S. basiconica as a sensory organ for nestmate recognition. These morphological results suggest that ORNs form an electrical network via GJs between dendritic processes. We were unable to functionally certify the electric connections in an olfactory sensory unit comprising such multiple ORNs; however, with the aid of simulation of a mathematical model, we examined the putative function of this novel chemosensory information network, which possibly contributes to the distinct discrimination of colony-specific blends of CHCs or other odor detection

Frequently increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) copy numbers and decreased BRCA1 mRNA expression in Japanese triple-negative breast cancers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Triple-negative breast cancer (estrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor-, and HER2-negative) (TNBC) is a high risk breast cancer that lacks specific therapy targeting these proteins.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We studied 969 consecutive Japanese patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from January 1981 to December 2003, and selected TNBCs based on the immunohistochemical data. Analyses of epidermal growth factor receptor (<it>EGFR</it>) gene mutations and amplification, and <it>BRCA</it>1 mRNA expression were performed on these samples using TaqMan PCR assays. The prognostic significance of TNBCs was also explored. Median follow-up was 8.3 years.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 110 (11.3%) patients had TNBCs in our series. Genotyping of the <it>EGFR </it>gene was performed to detect 14 known <it>EGFR </it>mutations, but none was identified. However, <it>EGFR </it>gene copy number was increased in 21% of TNBCs, while only 2% of ER- and PgR-positive, HER2-negative tumors showed slightly increased <it>EGFR </it>gene copy numbers. Thirty-one percent of TNBCs stained positive for EGFR protein by immunohistochemistry. <it>BRCA1 </it>mRNA expression was also decreased in TNBCs compared with controls. Triple negativity was significantly associated with grade 3 tumors, TP53 protein accumulation, and high Ki67 expression. TNBC patients had shorter disease-free survival than non-TNBC in node-negative breast cancers.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>TNBCs have an aggressive clinical course, and <it>EGFR </it>and <it>BRCA1 </it>might be candidate therapeutic targets in this disease.</p