El movimiento de mujeres : agentes conductores de la agenda pública

The present article explores the characteristics of women's movements in four countries of South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay. Through the employment of a qualitative comparison, it intends to determine if in those countries there is a unitary movement in the struggle for women's rights. Moreover, it enquires into the characteristics of the movements that determine their capacity to influence the public agenda. Results suggest that in all cases it is possible to identify a unitary women's movement, but that there are differences in the level of networking among the various organizations, as well as in their autonomy and independence from the state. These differences shape their differing individual capacity to influence the public agenda.El presente artículo explora los movimientos de mujeres en cuatro países de Sudamérica: Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Mediante el empleo de una comparación cualitativa intenta determinar si en esos países existe un movimiento unitario en la lucha por los derechos de las mujeres. Además, indaga en las características de los movimientos, que determinan su capacidad de influir en la agenda pública. Los resultados sugieren que en todos ellos puede efectivamente identificarse un movimiento unitario de mujeres, pero se observan diferencias respecto del grado de vinculación entre las diversas organizaciones, así como de la autonomía e independencia respecto del Estado, variaciones que inciden en su capacidad de influir en la agenda pública

Participação política das mulheres. Aspectos de confluência entre a ética e os direitos humanos

This article explores the links between global ethics and human rights, with a particular focus on women's political participation, as a way of inquiring into possible ramifications within the field of global ethics. To this end, it determines the scope of the concepts of ethics and global ethics as well as that of human rights. It analyses the links between them, particularly the incorporation of ethical considerations on the part of human rights and the validity that the latter assign to them. Finally, the article concentrates onto women's rights and more specifically on their political participation. It analyses the diverse alternatives of participation, which cover a range that spans from the traditional parliamentary participation up to forms like the establishment of governmental agendas aimed at improving the condition of women and the participation through women's movements. It is concluded that, both from an ethics as well as human-rights point of view, it is necessary an evaluation of ways for achieving the implementation of these rights. These can derive from a more permanent incorporation of women's movements in the decision making process of public policies.Este artículo explora los vínculos entre ética global y derechos humanos, con un foco particular en la participación política de las mujeres, como una forma de indagar en las posibles ampliaciones al campo de la ética global. Para ello, se determinan los alcances de los conceptos de ética y de ética global, así como de derechos humanos, y se examinan los vínculos entre ellos, particularmente la incorporación de consideraciones éticas por los derechos humanos y la fuerza que éstos les otorgan. Finalmente, el artículo se centra en los derechos de las mujeres y, específicamente, en la participación política; se analizan diversas alternativas, que van de las tradicionales de participación parlamentaria a formas como el establecimiento de agencias gubernamentales para mejorar la condición de las mujeres, y a formas de intervención a través de movimientos de mujeres. Se concluye apelando a la necesidad de que, tanto desde la ética como de los derechos humanos, se evalúen fórmulas para lograr la implementación de estos derechos que, en parte, pueden derivar de la incorporación más permanente de los movimientos de mujeres en la toma de decisión de políticas públicas.Este artigo explora os vínculos entre ética global e direitos humanos, com um foco particular na participação política das mulheres, como uma forma de indagar as possíveis ampliações ao campo da ética global. Para isso, são determinados os alcances dos conceitos de ética e de ética global, assim como de direitos humanos. São analisados os vínculos entre eles, particularmente a incorporação de considerações éticas pelos direitos humanos e a força que estes lhes outorgam. Finalmente, o artigo se centra nos direitos das mulheres e, especificamente, na participação política. São analisadas diversas alternativas, que vão desde as tradicionais de participação parlamentar a formas como o estabelecimento de agências governamentais para melhorar a condição das mulheres, e as formas de intervenção através de movimentos de mulheres. Conclui-se apelando para a necessidade de que, tanto a partir da ética como dos direitos humanos, se avaliem fórmulas para lograr a implementação destes direitos, que em parte podem derivar da incorporação mais permanente dos movimentos de mulheres na tomada de decisão de políticas públicas

A Latin American Perspective to Agricultural Ethics

The mixture of political, social, cultural and economic environments in Latin America, together with the enormous diversity in climates, natural habitats and biological resources the continent offers, make the ethical assessment of agricultural policies extremely difficult. Yet the experience gained while addressing the contemporary challenges the region faces, such as rapid urbanization, loss of culinary and crop diversity, extreme inequality, disappearing farming styles, water and land grabs, malnutrition and the restoration of the rule of law and social peace, can be of great value to other regions in similar latitudes, development processes and social problems. This chapter will provide a brief overview of these challenges from the perspective of a continent that is exposed to the consequences of extreme inequality in multiple dimensions and conclude by arguing for the need to have a continuous South-South dialogue on the challenges of establishing socially and environmentally sustainable food systems

El movimiento de mujeres: agentes conductores de la agenda pública

The present article explores the characteristics of women's movements in four countries of South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay. Through the employment of a qualitative comparison, it intends to determine if in those countries there is a unitary movement in the struggle for women's rights. Moreover, it enquires into the characteristics of the movements that determine their capacity to influence the public agenda. Results suggest that in all cases it is possible to identify a unitary women's movement, but that there are differences in the level of networking among the various organizations, as well as in their autonomy and independence from the state. These differences shape their differing individual capacity to influence the public agenda.El presente artículo explora los movimientos de mujeres en cuatro países de Sudamérica: Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Mediante el empleo de una comparación cualitativa intenta determinar si en esos países existe un movimiento unitario en la lucha por los derechos de las mujeres. Además, indaga en las características de los movimientos, que determinan su capacidad de influir en la agenda pública. Los resultados sugieren que en todos ellos puede efectivamente identificarse un movimiento unitario de mujeres, pero se observan diferencias respecto del grado de vinculación entre las diversas organizaciones, así como de la autonomía e independencia respecto del Estado, variaciones que inciden en su capacidad de influir en la agenda pública

Political participation of women. Some confluences between ethics and human rights Participación política de las mujeres. aspectos de confluencia entre la ética y los derechos humanos

This article explores the links between global ethics and human rights, with a particular focus on women's political participation, as a way of inquiring into possible ramifications within the field of global ethics. To this end, it determines the scope of the concepts of ethics and global ethics as well as that of human rights. It analyses the links between them, particularly the incorporation of ethical considerations on the part of human rights and the validity that the latter assign to them. Finally, the article concentrates onto women's rights and more specifically on their political participation. It analyses the diverse alternatives of participation, which cover a range that spans from the traditional parliamentary participation up to forms like the establishment of governmental agendas aimed at improving the condition of women and the participation through women's movements. It is concluded that, both from an ethics as well as human-rights point of view, it is necessary an eva

Mobilising against domestic violence: women's movements in the domestic and international context of Latin America

Women's movements are key actors for adding domestic violence against women to the public agenda and for influencing the adoption of policies that deal with it. The aim of this thesis is to determine what strategies women's movements use to obtain policies and legislation on domestic violence against women, and how they adapt these strategies according to specific political actors that are proposed to be more helpful to women's movements' attempts. It proposes that women's movements direct their mechanisms towards social, international and especially domestic political spheres. Two actors pertaining to the political sphere, women in the nationallegislarure and the women's policy agency, influence the strategies that women's movements use, the movements' chances of success, and the extent to which the movements need to interact with the other twO spherc=s. social and international. I use a '1ualirativc= small-N comparison of t four SQuth-American countries, namely Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. The main data collection is through personal face-to-face interviews with members of women's organisations as well as '1uc=scionnaires sent to them. The findings suppon the relevance of the twO actors of the political sphere and suggest that women's movement vary their strategies according to the variant characteristics of these actors, i.e. percentage of 1 women legislators and status of women's policy agengy. It also finds that women's movements always direct mechanisms towards the society, but they increase the interaction with 'the latter, again according to the aforementioned variation. Finally, it finds that strategies directed towards the international sphere, although relevant, are used less frequently by women's organisations. The theory can be extended further to other women's issues if it incorporates some additional political and social actors, as well as to other areas beyond South America. ,EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Women´s movements as agents of the public agenda

El presente artículo explora los movimientos de mujeres en cuatro países de Sudamérica: Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Mediante el empleo de una comparación cualitativa intenta determinar si en esos países existe un movimiento unitario en la lucha por los derechos de las mujeres. Además, indaga en las características de los movimientos, que determinan su capacidad de influir en la agenda pública. Los resultados sugieren que en todos ellos puede efectivamente identificarse un movimiento unitario de mujeres, pero se observan diferencias respecto del grado de vinculación entre las diversas organizaciones, así como de la autonomía e independencia respecto del Estado, variaciones que inciden en su capacidad de influir en la agenda pública

Political participation of women. Some confluences between ethics and human rights

Este artículo explora los vínculos entre ética global y derechos humanos, con un foco particular en la participación política de las mujeres, como una forma de indagar en las posibles ampliaciones al campo de la ética global. Para ello, se determinan los alcances de los conceptos de ética y de ética global, así como de derechos humanos, y se examinan los vínculos entre ellos, particularmente la incorporación de consideraciones éticas por los derechos humanos y la fuerza que éstos les otorgan. Finalmente, el artículo se centra en los derechos de las mujeres y, específicamente, en la participación política; se analizan diversas alternativas, que van de las tradicionales de participación parlamentaria a formas como el establecimiento de agencias gubernamentales para mejorar la condición de las mujeres, y a formas de intervención a través de movimientos de mujeres. Se concluye apelando a la necesidad de que, tanto desde la ética como de los derechos humanos, se evalúen fórmulas para lograr la implementación de estos derechos que, en parte, pueden derivar de la incorporación más permanente de los movimientos de mujeres en la toma de decisión de políticas públicas

The resignification of the Chilean dictatorship's international discourse: Decolonisation, religious tolerance and women's rights

The Chilean dictatorship reacted to the international condemnation with a resignification of its international discourse in areas of Human Rights that it considered innocuous, such as decolonisation, apartheid, religious tolerance and -as we suggest- women's rights. The article seeks to determine the key representations elaborated by the dictatorship, through a discourse analysis, and a post-structuralist approach in International Relations. Its findings show that in the area of women's rights there existed a clear contradiction between the internal and international narrative on the part of the dictatorship, with a support for feminist ideas in the international sphere and a hostile opposition against them in the domestic one. For the evaluation of the consequences of this practice, the analysis uses the boomerang model, looking at the impact of the contradiction on the strength not only of the human's rights movement, but also the women's rights one. In turn, it evaluates the effect that the latter had on the dictatorship policies and discourse.Academic Productivity Support Program, PROA VID 2018, University of Chile, Santiago, Chil