Ethical issues of synthetic biology: a personalist perspective

The main objective of this thesis is to assess the bioethical issues raised by Synthetic Biology from a specific bioethical approach, personalism, specifically ontological personalism, a philosophy that shows the objective value of the person on the basis of its ontological structure. The person, as a being endowed with reason, freedom and awareness, has a special value which is above that of other beings.El objetivo principal de este trabajo es evaluar las cuestiones bioéticas planteadas por la Biología Sintética desde un enfoque bioético específico, el personalismo, específicamente el personalismo ontológico, una filosofía que muestra el valor objetivo de la persona sobre la base de su estructura ontológica.Ciencias ExperimentalesPrograma Oficial de Doctorado en Bioétic

From Walking Bankers to Blockchain Technology The History of Payment Systems

The technique and technology of payment settlement systems has completed an enormous journey from the 18thcentury to modern times. Nowadays, we have gone from bilateral settlements to global payment systems. Numerous payment options are available to us, from paper based settlements to mobile wallets. In my study, I am primarily tracking the development of thetechnology on the basis of the payment systems of the USA, introducing the primary open and closed loop systems, as well as the changing customer needs which have brought the bank card and Bitcoin to life

Objectivity and Form. Mies and the Concrete Office Building

[EN] The Office Building, designed by Mies van der Rohe in 1923, appears to be a simple prism built with just two materials: concrete and glass. In this project, and for the first time, Mies conceived a structural system to which he assigned aesthetic qualities, without sacrificing clarity and objectivity, by spiritualizing tectonic processes; in this way, he designed a building that is characterized by the lightness and subtle dynamism of its composition. A series of concrete platforms appear to float freely, one above the other, thanks to a carefully designed structure using transparent glass. The aim of this article is, therefore, to contribute to the knowledge of one of the five projects that make up Mies van der Rohe's manifestos for a new architecture. The evaluation of the structure as an architectural form, the relationship between the design of the building section and the transparency of the glass, as well as the problem of access to the building and its representation, are addressed in the text. To contribute to a better understanding of this project, original documents are analyzed, and a new graphic reconstruction of the building's floor plan is provided.[ES] El Edificio de Oficinas, proyectado por Mies van der Rohe en 1923, se muestra como un prisma elemental construido con solo dos materiales: hormigón y vidrio. En este proyecto Mies concibe por primera vez un sistema estructural al que asigna cualidades estéticas sin renunciar a su claridad y objetividad, a través de la espiritualización de los procesos tectónicos; de este modo, proyecta un edificio que se caracteriza por la ligereza y el sutil dinamismo de su composición. Una serie de plataformas de hormigón parecen flotar libremente, unas sobre otras, gracias a una estructura minuciosamente diseñada, mostrada a través de un vidrio transparente. Así pues, este artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de uno de los cinco proyectos que componen los manifiestos de Mies van der Rohe para una nueva arquitectura. La valoración de la estructura como forma arquitectónica, la relación entre el diseño de la sección del edificio y la transparencia del vidrio, así como el problema de acceso al edificio y su representación, se desarrollan a lo largo del texto. Para contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de este proyecto, se analizan los documentos originales y se elabora una nueva reconstrucción gráfica de la planta del edificio.Blat Tatay, A. (2022). Objetividad y forma. Mies y el Edificio de Oficinas de Hormigón. EN BLANCO. Revista de Arquitectura. 14(33):123-134. https://doi.org/10.4995/eb.2022.17925123134143

Development of a Steering law experiment platform with haptic device Phantom Omni

Tatay De Pascual, A. (2010). Development of a Steering law experiment platform with haptic device Phantom Omni. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/8631.Archivo delegad

Analysis of the Economic Impact of Mass Immigration in the Light of German Data

Many welcomed the mass immigration of 2015 from an economic approach in Germany. Immigrants were seen as the solution to the German labor shortage and the potential to improve the expected deterioration of public finances as a result of demographic trends. As German integration policy has become a kind of standard in the European Union, we have examined the economic consequences of mass immigration. Looking at the German intergenerational balance sheet, immigration appears to improve the sustainability of public finances if a high proportion of immigrants obtain the same qualifications as the autochthonous German population. Also, access to the labor market will only be achieved if the right level of qualification is obtained. Empirical evidences show that the qualification level of even the second- and third-generation immigrants does not reach that of the native Germans. Unemployment among them is above the German average. The actual data indicate that negative scenarios are likely to take place for newcomers, i.e. they probably will not meet the requirements of the German labor market and will not improve the long-term sustainability of German public finances

New Indicator to Measure Tax Burden – Proposal

This paper investigates to what extent tax burden can be used to compare countries with different pension systems. It was concluded that in one respect tax burden ratios used by international institutions fail to completely represent the share of income left after taxation, as the contributions paid to occupational pension funds are not included in total tax burden calculations. In our approach, however, in case of pension contributions it is the obligation of the payment itself and not the recipient of payment that matters. To this end, a new ratio called the ‘share of disposable current revenues’ was introduced to indicate the current income employers and employees can dispose of after all mandatory payments have been settled. Mandatory payments in this sense include all payment obligations employers cannot evade to pay to an institution (state, pension fund, etc.

Formulation of simple workforce skill constraints in assembly line balancing models

The objective of assembly line balancing (ALB) is to minimize the number of workstations organized to perform tasks with precedence constraints. An important element of proper assignment of tasks to workstations is the consideration of skill requirement of tasks, and skill level of workers. Some tasks may require special skills, some workers might not be able to perform complicated tasks, and some workers might be specialized for specific tasks. This paper provides a general framework to model skill requirements and skill conditions for assembly line balancing models. Three types of skill constraints are defined. Low skill constraints determine workstations for workers who are able to perform only some simple tasks. High skill constraints consider tasks which require higher than average skills of workers. Finally, exclusive skill constraints consider situations where a group of workers is specialized in a subset of tasks. The paper summarizes the mathematical description of the different skill constraints, and shows how simple assembly line balancing models can be completed with skill considerations. The mathematical characteristics of the resulting models are discussed, and some sample problems are solved to illustrate the results of each specific skill situation

Optimalizálás bizonytalan paraméterekkel a termelés- és szolgáltatásmenedzsmentben

A termelő- és szolgáltatórendszerek működésének optimalizálása a termelésmenedzserek egyik gyakori problémája. Többek között az optimális termékszerkezet meghatározása, az optimális rendelési politika alkalmazása, a legkedvezőbb szállítási/logisztikai folyamatok kialakítása, a hulladékkezelés és anyagforgalom optimalizálása ismétlődő jelleggel felmerülő menedzsmentfeladatok. Az optimalizáló modellek alkalmazóinak a legtöbb nehézséget rendszerint az okozza, hogy a számítások elvégzéséhez szükséges adatok (paraméterek) értéke bizonytalan, az adatok rendszerint kiszámíthatatlanul és nem feltétlenül statisztikailag véletlenszerűen változnak. E cikk néhány egyszerű példa segítségével mutatja be a paraméterek bizonytalanságából eredő problémák kezelésének lehetséges módszereit és azok menedzsmentvonatkozásait