Visual-conformal display format for helicopter guidance

Helicopter guidance in situations where natural vision is reduced is still a challenging task. Beside new available sensors which are able to “see” through darkness, fog and dust, display technology remains one of the key issues of pilot assistance systems. As long as we have pilots within aircraft cockpits, we have to keep them informed about the outside situation. “Situational awareness” of humans is mainly powered by their visual channel. Therefore display systems which are able to cross-fade seamless form natural vision to artificial computer vision and vice versa, are of greatest interest within this context. Helmet-mounted displays (HMD) have this property when they apply a head-tracker for measuring the pilot’s head orientation relative to the aircraft reference frame. Together with the aircraft’s position and orientation relative to the world’s reference frame, the on-board graphics computer can generate images which are perfectly aligned with the outside world. We call image elements which match the outside world, “visual-conformal”. Published display formats for helicopter guidance in degraded visual environment apply mostly 2D-symbologies which stay far behind from what is possible. We propose a perspective 3D-symbology for a head-tracked HMD which shows as much as possible visual-conformal elements. We implemented and tested our proposal within our fixed based cockpit simulator as well as in our flying helicopter simulator (FHS). Recently conducted simulation trials with experienced helicopter pilots give some first evaluation results of our proposal

Plasma-Wall Interactions Data Compendium-1 “Hydrogen Retention Property, Diffusion and Recombination Coefficients Database for Selected Plasma-Facing Materials”

A summary on the recent activities of the plasma-wall interactions database task group at the National Institute for Fusion Science is presented in this report. These activities are focused on the compilation of literature data on the key parameters related to wall recycling characteristics that affect dynamic particle balance during plasma discharges and also on-site tritium inventory. More specifically, in this task group a universal fitting formula has been proposed and successfully applied to help compile hydrogen implantation-induced retention data. Also, presented here are the data on hydrogen diffusion and surface recombination coefficients, both critical in modeling dynamic wall recycling behavior. Data compilation has been conducted on beryllium, carbon, tungsten and molybdenum, all currently used for plasma-facing components in magnetic fusion experiments.research repor

Plasma-Wall Interactions Data Compendium-2 “Hydrogen Retention Property, Diffusion and Recombination Coefficients Database for Selected Plasma-Facing Materials”

This report will present additional data to those included in the previous report of this series. These new data are on the hydrogen (deterium) trapping properties of graphite materials. The units on the data on hydrogen (deterium) diffusion and surface recombination coefficients have been updated to adopt the SI unit system. Also, the graphic representations of previously compiled data on hydrogen (deterium) retention have been improved for better understanding. For the sake of completeness, this report will present all these data in the improved formatresearch repor

プラズマー壁相互作用関連データ集ー3 「プラズマ対向材料中の水素同位体リテンションと関連する拡散係数・再結合係数データベース」

This report will present additional data to those included in the previous report of this series. These new data are "effective" hydrogen (deuterium) recombination coefficients estimated under the assumption that hydrogen recombination occurs in the bulk of materials, followed by immediate desorption to vacuum. The SI units are used for all the data collected this report

Plasma-Wall Interactions Data Compendium-3 “Hydrogen Retention Property, Diffusion and Recombination Coefficients Database for Selected Plasma-Facing Materials”

This report will present additional data to those included in the previous report of this series. These new data are "effective" hydrogen (deuterium) recombination coefficients estimated under the assumption that hydrogen recombination occurs in the bulk of materials, followed by immediate desorption to vacuum. The SI units are used for all the data collected this report.research repor

When water management meets spatial planning: a policy-arrangements perspective

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