Efficacy of Implementing Home Care Using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in Reducing Stress of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer

Background: Gastrointestinal cancer is the third most common types of cancer in the world which leads to a lot of stress among sufferers. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are used to treat stress induced by serious diseases. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) technique is considered as one of non-pharmacological method for decreasing patient's stress. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of home care using EMDR technique on the stress of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Materials and Methods: The current semi-experimental study was performed on patients with gastrointestinal cancer residing in Ilam, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=30) and control (n=30). Home care was provided for intervention group in patients' homes which included 2 sessions (a total of 60 sessions for all patients). Each session lasted for 45 to 60 minutes according to EMDR protocol. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16). Results: The findings of this study showed that most of patients were male (36, 60), had diploma degrees (44, 73.3), had a monthly income less than 500 thousand (38, 63.3), were married (39, 65 ). The mean age of the patients was 69.18 +/- 11.58 years. No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups before the intervention in terms of patients' perceived stress (P>0.05). However, efficacy and perceived distress of the intervention group significantly was decreased following the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusions: According to the findings regarding the impact of home care using EMDR technique on reducing stress in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, the implementation of this intervention and provision of education for patients are recommended to expand the nursing duty to community health wards as well as to improve the health status of patients

Effects of Continuous Care Model on Blood Pressure in Patients with Type II Diabetes

Introduction: One of the main problems encountered by type II diabetes patients is high Blood Pressure (BP). Continuous care is the standard process of making effective, mutual, and continuous relationships between patients and nurses as healthcare providers. Continuous Care Model (CCM) can help the nurses in identifying needs, problems, and sensitisations of the patients and encourage them to maintain and enhance their health status. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of CCM on the BP trends of patients with type II diabetes in llam city. Materials and Methods: This quasi - experimental research was conducted in 80 patients with type II diabetes. Subjects were selected using cluster sampling method and then were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Interventions based on the CCM were in the form of training sessions that were conducted for three weeks. Consequently, continuous care consultations, control, and assessment were conducted for nine weeks. A questionnaire on demographic characteristics and a BP recording device was used to collect the data obtained before intervention and 1-3 months after intervention. Then, descriptive and inferential tests (ANOVA, repeated measures, chi-square) were used for data analysis. Results: Findings revealed that the mean BP (measured in mmHg) scores of the CCM (systolic, 133.22 +/- 3.98; diastolic, 86.00 +/- 2.96) and control groups (systolic, 133.65 +/- 2.10; diastolic 84.62 +/- 2.72) before intervention were not significant (p>0.05); however, after intervention, a significant difference was observed between the mean BP (measured in mmHg) scores of the CCM (systolic, 127.52 +/- 3.13; diastolic, 80.75 +/- 1.97) and control groups (systolic, 133.65 +/- 2.25; diastolic, 83.87 +/- 2.12) (p<0.05). Conclusion: CCM is suggested to be effective in managing the BP and can be applied to improve the health behaviour in patients with type II diabetes

Relationship between knowledge-skill and importance of physical examination for children admitted to infectious wards: Examining nurses' points of view

Background: A careful, timely, and accurate examination of patients by nurses provides grounds for maintaining and improving patients' safety in hospitals. Proper examination of the health status of children and, consequently, an accurate nursing diagnosis can accelerate their recovery and can have positive effects on the family. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge-skill and the importance of physical examination of children admitted to infectious wards from the perspective of nurses working in Ilam hospitals in 2017. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 nurses were selected using purposive sampling. To collect data, the demographic information questionnaire, physical examination knowledge-skill scale, and physical examination importance questionnaire were employed. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 18. In addition, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) and inferential tests (independent and paired sample t-tests) were used. Results: The findings revealed that the acquired knowledge-skill mean score was 100.86 out of 200. The nurses exhibited higher levels of knowledge-skill with regard to controlling vital signs, assessment of respiratory effort, observation of skin color, and touching the extremities to check the body temperature. In contrast, they exhibited lower levels of knowledge-skill in terms of examination of the breast to assess lumps, examination of the spine, assessing how the patient is talking, and listening to lung sounds. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between knowledge-skill and the importance of pediatric physical examinations (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Considering that the mean score of nurses in terms of the knowledge-skill required for conducting pediatric physical examination was low, appropriate interventions should be planned by nursing managers to improve the status of nurses' knowledge-skill in this field, in order to ensure the use of the necessary procedures for effective nursing practice. © 2018, Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics

Relationship between knowledge-skill and importance of physical examination for children admitted to infectious wards: Examining nurses' points of view

Background: A careful, timely, and accurate examination of patients by nurses provides grounds for maintaining and improving patients' safety in hospitals. Proper examination of the health status of children and, consequently, an accurate nursing diagnosis can accelerate their recovery and can have positive effects on the family. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge-skill and the importance of physical examination of children admitted to infectious wards from the perspective of nurses working in Ilam hospitals in 2017. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 nurses were selected using purposive sampling. To collect data, the demographic information questionnaire, physical examination knowledge-skill scale, and physical examination importance questionnaire were employed. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 18. In addition, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) and inferential tests (independent and paired sample t-tests) were used. Results: The findings revealed that the acquired knowledge-skill mean score was 100.86 out of 200. The nurses exhibited higher levels of knowledge-skill with regard to controlling vital signs, assessment of respiratory effort, observation of skin color, and touching the extremities to check the body temperature. In contrast, they exhibited lower levels of knowledge-skill in terms of examination of the breast to assess lumps, examination of the spine, assessing how the patient is talking, and listening to lung sounds. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between knowledge-skill and the importance of pediatric physical examinations (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Considering that the mean score of nurses in terms of the knowledge-skill required for conducting pediatric physical examination was low, appropriate interventions should be planned by nursing managers to improve the status of nurses' knowledge-skill in this field, in order to ensure the use of the necessary procedures for effective nursing practice. © 2018, Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics

Prevalence of depression and pain among patients with spinal cord injury in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Context: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a malignant disorder that causes several adverse effects on all aspects of the individual’s life and disrupts the normal routine of life. Objectives: The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of depression and pain among patients with SCI through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: The present systematic review was conducted on Iranian literature. The study population included all articles available on Iranian and international databases as well as Google Scholar search engine. For this purpose, databases including SID, Magiran, IranMedex, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched. The quality of published articles was assessed by two highly qualified researchers; the primary search was also performed separately. The data were analyzed with comprehensive meta-analyses (CMA) statistical package. Results: According to the findings, the prevalence of mild depression in the studied patients was 22.6 (95 confidence interval (CI): 17.50 - 28.8), moderate depression was 19.6 (95 CI: 14.7 - 25.7), and severe depression was 12.1 (95 CI: 8.3 - 17.3); in addition, 46.5 of the patients had no depression (95 CI: 26.7 - 67.6), and 65.9 of the subjects complained of pain (95 CI: 53.9 - 76.1). Conclusions: Because of high prevalence of pain and depression among patients with SCI, it is essential to take appropriate measures to prevent depression and pain in such patients in order to improve their health status and quality of life. Copyright © 2019, Author(s)

The Effect of Training Intervention on Nurse's Performance in Execution of Drug and Food Delivery via Nasogastric Tube

Introduction: The safety of a patient who receives nutritional support by tube feeding depends on nursing care and proper implementation of method and detection by the nurse in case of potential damage threatening the patient. Serious and fatal complications can occur if these considerations are not enacted correctly. Aim: The study was conducted to determine the effect of training intervention on nurse's performance in execution of drug and food orders using a Nasogastric Tube (NGT). Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was carried out with experimental and control groups by observing 240 cases of executing drug and food orders. The sample consisted of 60 nurses (30 in each group). The experimental group was divided into three groups containing 10 nurses each. Training session of about one and a half-hour was held for each of the three groups. Nurse's performance was observed by the researchers using an active participation method. Then, data were analysed using SPSS version 21.0 with descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical (independent t-test) statistical tests. Results: Findings showed that there was no statistically significant difference between nurse's performances before intervention. Training implementation improved the performance level of nurses in the experimental group from 10.05 +/- 1.47 before intervention to 13.40 +/- 1.94 after intervention (p=0.01). Conclusion: With respect to the effectiveness of training intervention based on training in small groups, implementation of this intervention is recommended to improve the performance of nurses

Investigating the Effect of Religious Intervention on Mental Vitality and Sense of Loneliness Among the Elderly Referring to Community Healthcare Centers

The growth of elderly population is among the most important issues in the world, and religious interventions can help them to keep their health. For this reason, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of religious intervention on subjective vitality and sense of loneliness of the elderly referring to healthcare centers. This semi-experimental study was conducted on 88 elderlies referring to community healthcare centers of Ilam City. The elderlies were randomly assigned into test and control groups, and subjective vitality and sense of loneliness questionnaire was distributed to them. For the elderly in the test group, twelve 30-45-min sessions of religious intervention were held. Then, at intervals of immediately, 1 month, and 2 months after the study, the studied questionnaires were redistributed again among the elderly, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 16 and through descriptive statistics as well as repeated measures of analysis of variance. Before intervention, there was no difference between mental vitality and fear of loneliness in the elderly, but after intervention, the amount of mental vitality increased and fear of loneliness decreased. Since in this study, implementation of religious intervention resulted in improved subjective vitality and diminished sense of loneliness among the elderly, it is suggested that this effective intervention be also used in other studies

Effect of self-management program on pain and disability index in elderly men with osteoarthritis

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive disease of the joints, leading to decreased function and disability. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effect of self-management (SM) program on disability index and pain in aging men with knee OA. Methods: The study included an SM group and a control group. Given the sample size of the previous studies, 83 patients were recruited. The study tools included a demographic profile questionnaire, visual analogue scale (VAS), and HAQ 8-item DI. The intervention included 10 SM sessions for patients in the SM group (8 sessions of in-person intervention and 2 sessions of telephone intervention). Patients were placed in groups of 7, and the sessions were held weekly each for a period of 45 to 60 minutes. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests by SPSS V. 16 software. Results: The two groups(SM and control group) were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics (P > 0.05). The mean (SD) disability score was 19.12 (1.92) in the SM group before the intervention, which reduced to 14.70 (1.63) after the intervention (P = 0.000, T = 10.02). The mean (SD) pain score, was 9.19 (0.71) in the SM group before the intervention, which reduced to 6.48 (0.84) after the intervention (P = 0.000, T = 18.15). Conclusions: Training can help patients perform SM measures and improve their health status by enhancing the information needed for the disease. © 2019, Author(s)

Insulin resistance beliefs in patients with type II diabetes according to the health belief model

Regular administration of insulin injections with correct dosing results in well-controlled blood glucose levels and decreased diabetic complications. This study aimed to investigate beliefs associated with insulin resistance in patients with type II diabetes, according to the Health Belief Model. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 patients with type II diabetes from the hospitals of Ilam were included. Data were collected using the Insulin Resistance Beliefs in Patients with Type II Questionnaire, which was designed using the components of the Health Belief Model from previous studies. The Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Pearson correlation coeffi cient were adopted at a significance level of less than 0.05. The mean age of the study participants was 9.62 +/- 47.77 years. Of them participants, 95 (31.7) were illiterate, 156 (52) were married, and 151 (50.3) had an income level less than 500,000 Tomans per month. The scores for components of perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefi ts, self-effi ciency, operation guideline, and general awareness were 5.37 (2.36), 16.79 (5.07), 27.53 (7.06), 30.83 (5.11), 19.51 (5.44), 27.51 (5.63), and 127.20 (13.91), respectively. Training packages and appropriate nursing interventions are recommended to reduce the negative beliefs associated with insulin injection

Lifestyle of the Elderly with Stroke: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Nowadays, stroke is one of the most important and commonly diagnosed neurological diseases throughout the world. This disease annually causes numerous moralities and disabilities; its high prevalence is reported among the elderly. Objectives: The current study aimed at determining the lifestyle of the elderly with stroke in Ilam, Western Iran. Methods: The current descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted on 200 elderly people with stroke in Ilam, Western Iran by convenience sampling method. The study was conducted by the application of healthy lifestyle questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. After data collection, the data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t test and ANOVA). Results: Findings of the current study showed that the majority of the studied elderly were male (n = 106, 53) aged 65 - 70 years (n = 93, 46.5), educated up to middle school level (n = 112, 56), with annual income range of US72,000 to US144,000 (n = 117, 58.5), had no spouse (n = 111, 5.55) and lived in the city(n = 115, 57.5). Mean (+/- standard deviation; SD) of age was 75.56 +/- 9.87 years, mean lifestyle score was 37.54 +/- 3.91, 9.55 +/- 1.79, 24.30 +/- 3.36, 18.76 +/- 1.79, and 28.04 +/- 2.41 in the dimensions of prevention, physical activity and recreational activities and sport, healthy nutrition, stress management, and inter-personal relationships, respectively. Total score of the questionnaire was 118.20 +/- 6.00, which indicated a medium score of healthy lifestyle in the elderly. Conclusions: Findings of the current study revealed that the lifestyle condition of the elderly with stroke was in medium level. It was suggested that the therapeutic and health teams, in particular nurses, intervene properly and use nursing care models to enhance the lifestyle of the elderly