Cartesian Parallel Manipulator Modeling, Control and Simulation

Ayssam Elkady, Galal Elkobrosy, Sarwat Hanna, and Tarek Sobh's book chapter on robotic parallel manipulators

THE EFFICIENCY EXTENT OF THE INTERNAL CONTROL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PALESTINIAN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN GAZA STRIP

The purpose of this research is to identify the extent of the efficiency of the internal control environment in the Palestinian higher educational institutions in Gaza Strip from the perspective of employees in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip, where researchers used in the study five universities. The researchers adopted in their study the descriptive and analytical approach. The research community consists of administrative employees and academic employees with administrative duties. Senior management or the University Council was excluded. The study population compromises of (392) employees. A stratified random sample was chosen and (197) questionnaires were distributed. (160) questionnaires were received back with a return rate of (81.2%).The researchers used a questionnaire to collect that which then was analyzed using (SPSS) to get the results. The research found the following results: the absence of a fundamental difference between the responses of males and females. The lack of significant difference between the responses of the respondents attributed to the variable age. The lack of significant difference between the responses of the respondents attributed to the variable of years of service. And the existence of a fundamental difference between the responses of the respondents attributed to the university variable. The existence of a fundamental difference between the responses of the respondents attributed to the Qualification variable. The existence of a fundamental difference between the responses of the respondents attributed to the administrative level variable. The research found a group of recommendations including: the need to raise awareness of censorship as the basis for the protection of employees in all administrative levels from making mistake.Updating the systems and instructions of control periodically and parallel with the scientific progress and technology.Benefit from regional and international experiences in the application of internal control standards which commensurate with the administrative system of the institution

“Punishing Violent Thoughts: Islamic Dissent and Thoreauvian Disobedience in post-9/11 America,”

American Muslims increasingly negotiate their relation to a government that is suspicious of Islam, yet which is legally obligated to recognize them as rights-bearing citizens. To better understand how the post-9/11 state is reshaping American Islam, I examine the case of Muslim American dissident Tarek Mehanna, sentenced to seventeen years in prison for providing material support for terrorism, on the basis of his controversial words (USA v. Mehanna et al, 2012). I situate Mehanna’s writing and reflections within a long history of American activism, in particular the traditions represented by Henry David Thoreau and John Brown

OSJETLJIVOST NA FLUVALINAT I ESFENVALERAT NA ADULTNOM BİSERNOM CİPLU, Alburnus tarichi (Güldenstädt, 1814)

Fluvalinate and esfenvalerate are pyrethroid insecticides and are used to control insect pests. These pesticides can enter the aquatic environment in different ways after use, causing toxicity. Tarek is a fish of the Cyprinidae family native to the Lake Van basin in Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of fluvalinate and esfenvalerate to adult tarek. In the bioassays, tarek with an average length of 20.6±1.2 cm and an average weight of 93.9±14.0 g were used for fluvalinate, while an average length of 19.7±1.2 cm and an average weight of 85.5±16.6 g were used for esfenvalerate. Fish were exposed to fluvalinate using the semi-static test method, and esfenvalerate using the static test method. The toxicity tests were performed under the natural photoperiod. The concentrations used for fluvalinate were 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 µg L-1, while for esfenvalerate they were 0.33, 0.67, 1.00, 1.34 µg L-1. The tests were performed at 13±1°C for 96 hours with dechlorinated tap water. At the end of the toxicity tests, the mean lethal concentration (LC50) of fluvalinate after 96 hours was determined to be 0.338 (0.230-0.477) µg L-1 and the above concentration of esfenvalerate was determined to be 0.475 (0.293-0.640) µg L-1 for adult tarek. Tarek exposed to fluvalinate and esfenvalerate showed toxic effects throughout the test, such as splashing, vigorous and then slower swimming, loss of balance, increased respiratory rate and contraction. Consequently, fluvalinate and esfenvalerate were found to be highly toxic to tarek and therefore the concentration of fluvalinate should not exceed 0.003 µg L-1, and that of esfenvalerate should not exceed 0.005 µg L-1 in freshwater environments where tarek lives.Fluvalinat i esfenvalerat su piretroidni insekticidi koji se koriste za suzbijanje insekata. Ovi pesticidi nakon uporabe mogu ući u vodeni okoliš na različite načine, uzrokujući toksičnost. Biserni cipal je riba iz obitelji Cyprinidae porijeklom iz bazena jezera Van u Turskoj. Ovo je istraživanje provedeno kako bi se odredila akutna toksičnost fluvalinata i esfenvalerata na adultog bisernog cipla. U biološkim testovima za fluvalinat je korišten biserni cipal prosječne duljine 20,6±1,2 cm i prosječne težine 93,9±14,0 g, dok je za esfenvalerat korišten prosječne duljine 19,7±1,2 cm i prosječne težine 85,5±16,6 g. Ribe su bile izložene fluvalinatu semistatičkom test metodom i esfenvaleratu statičkom test metodom. Ispitivanja toksičnosti provedena su u prirodnom fotoperiodu. Koncentracije korištene za fluvalinat bile su 0,15, 0,30, 0,45, 0,60 µg L-1, dok su za esfenvalerat korištene 0,33, 0,67, 1,00, 1,34 µg L-1. Ispitivanja su provedena na 13±1°C tijekom 96 sati s dekloriranom vodom iz slavine. Na kraju testova toksičnosti, srednja letalna koncentracija (LC50) fluvalinata nakon 96 sati utvrđena je na 0,338 (0,230-0,477) µg L-1, a gornja koncentracija esfenvalerata je određena na 0,475 (0,293-0,640) µg L-1 za odrasle biserne ciple. Biserni cipal izložen fluvalinatu i esfenvaleratu pokazao je toksične učinke tijekom cijelog testa, kao što su prskanje, žustro pa sporije plivanje, gubitak ravnoteže, povećana brzina disanja i kontrakcija. Stoga je utvrđeno da su fluvalinat i esfenvalerat vrlo toksični za ovu vrstu i stoga koncentracija fluvalinata ne bi smjela prijeći 0,003 µg L-1, a koncentracija esfenvalerata ne bi smjela prijeći 0,005 µg L-1 u slatkovodnim sredinama u kojima biserni cipal živi