Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of stunting, underweight, and overweight among Palestinian school adolescents (13-15 years) in two major governorates in the West Bank

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is little information about height and weight status of Palestinian adolescents. The objective of this paper was to assess the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and overweight/obesity among Palestinian school adolescents (13-15 years) and associated sociodemographic factors in 2 major governorates in the West Bank.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A Cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2005 comprising 1942 students in 65 schools in Ramallah and Hebron governorates. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires from students and parents. Weights and heights were measured. Overweight and obesity were assessed using the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. Stunting and underweight were assessed using the 2000 CDC reference.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overweight/obesity was more prevalent in Ramallah than in Hebron and affected more girls than boys. Using the 2000 CDC reference, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Ramallah among boys was 9.6% and 8.2%, respectively versus 15.6% and 6.0% among girls (P < 0.01). In Hebron, the corresponding figures were 8.5% and 4.9% for boys and 13.5% and 3.4% for girls (P < 0.01). Using the IOTF criteria, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys in Ramallah was 13.3% and 5.2%, respectively versus 18.9% and 3.3% for girls. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys in Hebron was 10.9% and 2.2%, respectively versus 14.9% and 2.0% for girls. Overweight/obesity was associated with high standard of living (STL) among boys and with the onset of puberty among girls. More boys were underweight than girls, and the prevalence was higher in Hebron (12.9% and 6.0% in boys and girls, respectively (P < 0.01)) than in Ramallah (9.7% and 3.1% in boys and girls, respectively (p < 0.01)). The prevalence of stunting was similar in both governorates, and was higher among boys (9.2% and 9.4% in Ramallah and Hebron, respectively) than among girls (5.9% and 4.2% in Ramallah and Hebron, respectively). Stunting was negatively associated with father's education among boys and with urban residence, medium STL and onset of puberty among girls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Under- and overnutrition co-exist among Palestinian adolescents, with differences between sexes. Region, residence, STL, and onset of puberty were associated factors.</p

Dietary habits of Palestinian adolescents and associated sociodemographic characteristics in Ramallah, Nablus and Hebron governorates

Objective: To describe food habits and associated sociodemographic factors. Design: Cross-sectional survey in 2005. Setting: Ninety-six school classes in Ramallah, Nablus and Hebron governorates, Occupied Palestinian Territory. Subjects: Grade 8 and 9 students aged 13–15 years (n 2952). Methods: Self-administered student and parent questionnaires. Results: High standard of living (STL) index and residence in Ramallah were positively associated with intake of animal foods, Western-style foods, dairy products, fruits and vegetables, sweets and salty snacks. Only 26·1 % of the students ate three main meals daily; 26·2 % of the boys and 51·0 % of the girls had breakfast one to two times per week or less often (P < 0·001). Only one-quarter of students drank milk daily (32·9 % of boys and 18·3 % of girls, P < 0·001). The majority of students, boys and girls in similar proportions, consumed vegetables daily (72·8 % v. 73·8 %, respectively). Daily fruit consumption was also equally common among boys and girls (58·9 % v. 55·2 %, respectively), but with clear differences by STL, region and parents’ education. Daily intake of sweets and salty snacks was common among girls, and daily intake of soft drinks was common among boys. Conclusions: Irregular meal patterns were common among Palestinian adolescents. High STL and residence in Ramallah were associated with frequent intake of foods high in sugar and fat, but also with frequent intake of fruits and vegetables. Effective interventions are needed to establish healthy dietary habits.Nahed Mikki, Hanan F Abdul-Rahim, Zumin Shi and Gerd Holmboe-Ottese

Analysis of accessory canals as important anatomical structures in the anterior maxilla with cone beam computed tomography

The aim of this study is to analyze the diameter and localization of terminal part CS to prevent its damage during implant placement in the anterior maxilla. 150 CBCT scans of 61 males and 89 females in the age span of 24 to 80 years using 8 x 8 field of view. were analyzed in Ez3D2009 (Vatech) software on panoramic and cross-sectional views with 0.5mm, 1mm, 3 mm and 10 mm slice thickness. The CS visualization was graded with the four-point rating scale and the localization was distributed according to Oliveira-Santos. Evaluating CBCT scans with 0.5 mm slice thickness the alveolar process part of CS was evident in 101 of 150 patients (67% of total patients). 22 of these 101 patients (21.7%) presented with CS on the right side, 32 (31.6%) patients on the left side and 47 (46.7%) patients on both sides. Most frequently CS was localized in the lateral incisor region (33.5%, n=50). Analyzing CBCT scans with 0.5 mm and 1 mm slice thickness on both sides CS was visualized in 49%, with 3 mm slice thickness in 40% and with 10 mm slice thickness in 18%. Mean diameter and length of terminal part CS were 0,95 ± 0,24 and 11,78 ± 3,32 consequently. CS was located palatally in 76% (n=113), centrally in 12% (n=18) and buccally in 12% (n=18). It is important to plan dental implant placement with CBCT and by not neglecting the use of surgical guides. © 2020 University of Dicle

Применение скуловых имплантатов для реабилитации онкологических пациентов: обзор исследований и клинических случаев

Installation of zygomatic implants is one of the treatment options for patients with insufficient bone volume in the upper jaw or after radical surgery to remove the tumor. The purpose of this review is to analyze scientific papers and clinical cases of installation of zygomatic implants for the rehabilitation of cancer patients. We selected 2 papers and 4 clinical reports on the treatment of cancer patients using zygomatic implants. These studies and clinical cases published between 2007 and 2019 years included 146 successfully installed zygomatic implants in 60 patients aged 13 to 92 years who underwent radical surgery to remove tumors. The results showed that the rehabilitation of cancer patients using zygomatic implants had high success rates, similar to the results of traditional implantation in this group of patients.Установка скуловых имплантатов является одним из вариантов лечения пациентов с недостаточным объемом костной ткани на верхней челюсти или после радикальных операций по удалению опухоли. Целью данного обзора является анализ научных работ и клинических случаев установки скуловых имплантатов для реабилитации онкологических больных. Нами были отобраны 2 работы и 4 клинических отчета лечения онкологических пациентов с использованием скуловых имплантатов. Эти исследования и клинические случаи были опубликованы в период между 2007 и 2019 годами и включали в себя 146 успешно установленных скуловых имплантатов у 60 пациентов в возрасте от 13 до 92 лет, которые подверглись радикальным операциям по удалению опухолей. Результаты показали, что реабилитация онкологических пациентов с использованием скуловых имплантатов имела высокие показатели успеха, схожие с результатами традиционной имплантации у данной группы пациентов

Effects of the Ferrule Design on Fracture Resistance to Endodontically-Treated Teeth Restored with Fiber Posts: A Systematic Review

The ferrule is considered to be a key element in teeth preparation when restoring using a fiber post. It helps to resist occlusal forces, maintain cement tightness and minimize stress concentration on restoration using posts. Aim: The aim of this review is to determine the influence of the ferrule design in endodontically-treated teeth using fiber posts on their fracture resistance. Materials and Methods: The electronic databases examined were Medline, Scopus, and PubMed from April 2019 to October 2019. The studies were selected using well-established inclusion criteria. Results: In total, 79 articles were identified, 16 of which were selected after considering the titles and abstracts. After reading the full-text articles, the total number of articles included in this review was 7 with a low risk of bias. Conclusion: A full ferrule with a maximum height is the best design for resistance to fractures in all groups of teeth, but if it is impossible to provide this condition, the ferrule height from the palatal lingual wall of the tooth should be increased

On (Not) Forgetting Families: Family Spaces and Spacings in Birzeit, Palestine

This paper is a response to Valentine’s (2008) recent suggestion that the family is an absent presence within Geography. Persuaded by her argument, I explore other disciplinary approaches to theorizing families, and in particular how discursive appropriations of ‘the family’ and theories of family practices can enlarge our understandings of what families are and how they are done. I then argue that geographers can contribute to such studies by exploring the spaces and spacings that co-constitute family subjectivities. I put these ideas to work in the context of Birzeit, Palestine, where I argue particular family spaces and spacings offer more nuanced understandings of this place, which challenge limited discursive constructions of the ‘Arab family’ and the ‘Western family. I situate these theoretical maneuvers within broader geographies of intimacies, while arguing that there is still a great deal of work to be done to further spatialize our understandings of families