Trauma Informed Teaching to Support Student Social and Emotional Needs

The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine how a trauma informed approach to behavior that supports the emotional growth of students and meets their needs for discipline and structure within a school environment affects teachers’ negative perspectives of student behavior. This study examined the impact Rainbowdance had on teacher perception of student behavior before teacher training and after training. The participants are three lower elementary teachers at Country Charter School and additional information is provided by the International Trauma Center (ITC) staff members who are implementing Rainbowdance. The data collection was done through narrative interviews, field notes and observations. This study is phenomenological in design. The data collection attempts to answer the question that guides this research, how has the Rainbowdance program affected the social emotional teaching practices and the classroom climate for teachers at one school site? The findings indicated that the trauma informed program, Rainbowdance has impacted teacher perception of student behavior because it provides insight and understanding of how trauma in a student’s life impacts their behavior. Once a teacher is trauma informed and trained, it would be beneficial to continue the trauma informed approach to provide additional supports. The educational system would benefit greatly from adopting a trauma informed program and approach that supports teachers, thus supporting their students in understanding their needs

An Evaluation of the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act and its Impact on Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Industry

In the pharmaceutical industry, innovation is vital to bring more life-saving treatment options to patients. However, pharmaceutical manufacturers face strict safety and effectiveness guidelines set forth by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), before being able to place their innovations on the market. In attempts to balance the need for continuous innovation and stringent regulation, policymakers created the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA) of 2009. The BPCIA allows biosimilars manufacturers to enter a shortened FDA approval pathway and provides incentives for biologics manufacturers with the aims to decrease cost and increase access to medications for patients by stimulating innovation within the industry. In this thesis, I empirically investigate the impact of the BPCIA on biopharmaceutical innovation. I utilize public data from the FDA and United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) to measure these innovations and conduct regression analyses to estimate the effects of the BPCIA on related drug and patent approvals. My analysis shows that since its enactment, the BPCIA has increased innovation in biopharmaceuticals. Based on my results, I discuss implications for policymakers and future researchers

The equivariant KK-theory and cobordism rings of divisive weighted projective spaces

We apply results of Harada, Holm and Henriques to prove that the Atiyah-Segal equivariant complex $K$-theory ring of a divisive weighted projective space (which is singular for nontrivial weights) is isomorphic to the ring of integral piecewise Laurent polynomials on the associated fan. Analogues of this description hold for other complex-oriented equivariant cohomology theories, as we confirm in the case of homotopical complex cobordism, which is the universal example. We also prove that the Borel versions of the equivariant $K$-theory and complex cobordism rings of more general singular toric varieties, namely those whose integral cohomology is concentrated in even dimensions, are isomorphic to rings of appropriate piecewise formal power series. Finally, we confirm the corresponding descriptions for any smooth, compact, projective toric variety, and rewrite them in a face ring context. In many cases our results agree with those of Vezzosi and Vistoli for algebraic $K$-theory, Anderson and Payne for operational $K$-theory, Krishna and Uma for algebraic cobordism, and Gonzalez and Karu for operational cobordism; as we proceed, we summarize the details of these coincidences.Comment: Accepted for publication in Tohoku Math.

Reactivity studies of electron poor titanium amides

Chapter One presents an overview of olefin polymerisation, which provides the context for the majority of the work described in later chapters. Both Ziegler-Natta and late transition metal systems are described. Chapter Two describes the synthesis and reactivity of trisamido titanium complexes with the diarylamido fragments derived from diphenylamine and di-p-tolylamine. These complexes have been thoroughly studied using NMR spectroscopy. This chapter also presents the syntheses of two rare examples of trisamido methyl complexes. In addition, an improved synthetic route to the cocatalyst, KB(C6F5)4 and the structures of [B(C6F5)C4H8O] and [Mg(C6F5)2(Et2O)(dioxane)] are described. Chapter Three describes the polymerisation activity of the catalysts derived from (R2N)3TiCl, (R2N)3TiMe, and [(R2N)3Ti]+ with the cocatalysts MAO, B(C6F5)3, and KB(C6F5)4. Data was recorded for each of the catalysts, and the consumption of propene over time was plotted. Rate constants were found for each of the polymerisation reactions. The mechanism for the polymerisation of each of these was also examined. Chapter Four presents the synthesis and reactivities of new trisamido complexes using 10,11-dihydro-dibenz(b,f )azepinyl, hereafter abbrievated as dda, as the amide fragment. Specifically, syntheses of (dda)3TiCl, (dda)3TiMe and (dda)3TiBH4 are described and their characterisation by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography is presented. The use of these complexes in synthetic approaches to (dda)3TiH are described. Initial steps in the characterisation of hydride transfer to CO2 from (dda)3TiH are also presented. Chapter Five presents details for the experimental work and Appendices are included, containing selected experimental data

Practitioner’s Perspective on Barriers to Diagnosing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescents: A Descriptive Study

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common and reversible endocrine disorder affecting as many as 3.5-5.0 million women in the United States and has serious implications for women from adolescence to beyond menopause. PCOS is characterized by oligo-amenorrhea, anovulation, clinical, biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, or polycystic ovaries the majority which can be identified in adolescence (ages 13-18). Although the majority of these reproductive and metabolic consequences can be identified in adolescence, diagnosis of PCOS for subsequent early intervention is still not taking place as many women are not being diagnosed until their reproductive years often after seeking the cause of their infertility. No literature could be found on barriers that contribute to the failure of early diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence. There is a gap in the literature investigating the barriers of diagnosing PCOS in adolescents. This was a descriptive study done to: (1) identify factors practitioners consider when determining the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents (ages 13-18) and (2) identify barriers to early diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents (ages 13-18) among practitioners. Barriers to diagnose PCOS in adolescents will be explored using the Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescence questionnaire which was developed by the researcher. The Qualtrics Survey Program was used to submit an electronic survey. Barriers for diagnosing PCOS in adolescents were acknowledged and identified by participants in this study. Because this data was mainly derived from a single group within the practice area, certified nurse practitioners, it is unclear whether these findings can be generalized to other practice areas within the healthcare system. Future investigations should examine whether these barriers do exist amongst other practice areas, can yield enough results to be generalized, and focus on designing interventions to improve the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents

Exploring associations between childhood emotional abuse, suicidal behaviour and deliberate self-harm: the mediating role of distress tolerance

A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the award of Professional Doctorate in Counselling Psychology.Childhood Emotional Abuse (CEA) has been linked extensively with psychological difficulties such as deliberate self-harm (DSH), and suicidal behaviours (SB), indicating that they may represent considerable risk factors for later psychopathology. CEA is associated with poorer emotional coping skills, which may mediate the severity of later outcomes. Low distress tolerance (DT) is associated with DSH and an increased capacity for suicide that can be understood within a negative reinforcement framework. DT has been found to mediate associations between negative life events and maladaptive emotional coping. No study to date, however, has explored whether DT mediates the relationships between CEA and DSH, and CEA and SBs. The study reported here was conducted with a clinical population accessing psychological support (n=70) and aimed to explore whether experiencing CEA was associated with difficulties tolerating distressing situations, and maladaptive coping mechanisms such as DSH and SBs. Correlations found significant relationships between all variables. The study also investigated whether DT mediated the relationship between CEA and DSH, and CEA and SBs. Mediation analysis showed that DT did not mediate the relationship between CEA and DSH. However, DT significantly mediated the relationship between CEA and SBs. The study has implications for future clinical practise and makes suggestions regarding clinical interventions that focus on DT skills as a way of reducing SBs

Using the VO to Study the Time Domain

Just as the astronomical "Time Domain" is a catch-phrase for a diverse group of different science objectives involving time-varying phenomena in all astrophysical regimes from the solar system to cosmological scales, so the "Virtual Observatory" is a complex set of community-wide activities from archives to astroinformatics. This workshop touched on some aspects of adapting and developing those semantic and network technologies in order to address transient and time-domain research challenges. It discussed the VOEvent format for representing alerts and reports on celestial transient events, the SkyAlert and ATELstream facilities for distributing these alerts, and the IVOA time-series protocol and time-series tools provided by the VAO. Those tools and infrastructure are available today to address the real-world needs of astronomers.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of IAU Symposium 285, "New Horizons in Time Domain Astronomy": http://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/IAUS285/, 6 page

The Impact of Self-Representation and Consistency in Collaborative Virtual Environments

This paper explores the impact of self-representation (full body Self Avatar vs. Just Controllers) in a Collaborate Virtual Environment (CVE) and the consistency of self-representation between the users. We conducted two studies: Study 1 between a confederate and a participant, Study 2 between two participants. In both studies, participants were asked to play a collaborative game, and we investigated the effect on trust with a questionnaire, money invested in a trust game, and performance data. Study 1 suggested that having a Self Avatar made the participant give more positive marks to the confederate and that when the confederate was without an avatar, they received more trust (measured by money). Study 2 showed that consistency led to more trust and better productivity. Overall, results imply consistency improves trust only when in an equal social dynamic in CVE, and that the use of confederate could shift the social dynamics

A National Study of Baccalaureate Degree Completions in the Sciences: An Overview of Institutional Success by Public, Private, and Proprietary

The purpose of this study was to examine baccalaureate degree completions in the sciences within public, private, and proprietary higher education institutions by ethnicity to determine which educational sectors (and science categories) were producing more graduates, specifically minority graduates

Journal Usage Level Changes at Morehouse School of Medicine Library 2011-2020

OBJECTIVE: To determine faculty and researcher journal usage levels and their implications on library’s journal collection and access models for the past five years and compare to previous usage and implications. 1. The librarians would like to investigate changes made in the journal collection as we moved to fewer print based resources through a comparison of usage levels prior to the changes to usage levels after the changes. We had sought to seek optimum pathways for supporting the school’s curricula, research agendas, and health care enterprise. Our ultimate question is ‘How have changes correlated and compared to previous usage and needs of our users?’ 2. METHODS: Using counter statistics (resources such as ScienceDirect, Ovid, Wiley, Nature, and others), ILL records, in-house usage statistics, and interviews, librarians will determine for the past five years (2016-2020) and compare to the previous five years (2011-2015) the: 1. 20 most and 20 least used journals by department and major subject division; 2. 20 most needed, but not owned, journals by department and major subject area; 3. Emerging areas of interest among faculty and researchers; 4. A short survey is to be released to all patrons to determine their preferred resources; 5. Two focus group sessions will be held with faculty and researchers and two with students to solicit additional feedback; 6. Descriptive statistics will be used to show patterns of usage; 7. Comparisons of levels of usage and costs will be made using analyses of variance in mean levels of usage and mean costs; 8. Correlations (Pearson’s r) will be determined between relative costs and usage; 9. Level of MSM related published articles. RESULTS: FY2011-15: 20 journals with the highest numbers of successfully retrieved articles over past 5 years included 2 that were on the list for all 5 years (Journal of Virology and Nature), accounting for 10 of the 20 slots. FY2016-20: All journals in the top 20 used in FY2016 remained for each of the 5 years. FY2011-15 successful use trend was up and down, while for FY2016-20, the trend generally increased until 2020. The sum of the usage of the top 20 journals for each year trended in different ways for 2011-2015 and 2016 and 2020: FY2011-15 successful use trend was up and down, FY2016-20, the trend generally increased until 2020. FY2011-2015 averaged 52,044 successful retrievals per year, while FY2016-2020 averaged 68,549 successful retrievals per year. The sums of the usage of the top 20 journals for 2015 and 2020 totaled 11,776 and 18,908, respectively, representing a 60.51% increase. For FY2019-2020 there were 8 publishers for the 20 most used journals. From FY2010-2011 to FY2019-2020 the fluctuating pattern of faculty publications appear to loosely follow the pattern of journal usage as reflected in the JR1reports. Correlation of publication to use was moderate at .666 and significant at .036. Data shows successful retrievals declined over time for top 20 for FY2011-15, but tended to increase for FY 2016-20 until FY2020. FY2011-2015 averaged 52,044 successful retrievals per year, while FY2016-2020 averaged 68,549 successful retrievals per year. When looking for a relationship between journal cost and usage, only moderate correlations of .406, .638, and .407 were found for FY2016, FY2018, and FY2020, respectively. However, none of the correlations were statistically significant (p = .177, .065, and .133, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Data shows successful retrievals declined over time for top 20 for FY2011-15, but tended to increase for FY2016-20 until AY2020. FY2011-2015 averaged 52,044 successful retrievals per year, while FY2016-2020 averaged 68,549 successful retrievals per year. When looking for a relationship between journal cost and usage, only moderate correlations of .406, .638, and .407 were found for FY2016, FY2018, and FY2020, respectively. However, none of the correlations were statistically significant (p = .177, .065, and .133, respectively). A significant (p= .036) and devilishly moderate correlation (r=.666) between faculty publication levels and journal use levels was found