LFSR Next Bit Prediction through Deep Learning

Pseudorandom bit sequences are generated using deterministic algorithms to simulate truly random sequences. Many cryptographic algorithms use pseudorandom sequences, and the randomness of these sequences greatly impacts the robustness of these algo-rithms. Important crypto primitive Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) and its combina-tions have long been used in stream ciphers for the generation of pseudorandom bit sequences. The sequences generated by LFSR can be predicted using the traditional Ber-lekamp Massey Algorithm, which solves LFSR in 2×n number of bits, where n is the de-gree of LFSR. Many different techniques based on ML classifiers have been successful at predicting the next bit of the sequences generated by LFSR. However, the main limitation in the existing approaches is that they require a large number (as compared to the de-gree of LFSR) of bits to solve the LFSR. In this paper, we have proposed a novel Pattern Duplication technique that exponentially reduces the input bits requirement for training the ML Model. This Pattern Duplication technique generates new samples from the available data using two properties of the XOR function used in LFSRs. We have used the Deep Neural Networks (DNN) as the next bit predictor of the sequences generated by LFSR along with the Pattern Duplication technique. Due to the Pattern Duplication tech-nique, we need a very small number of input patterns for DNN. Moreover, in some cases, the DNN model managed to predict LFSRs in less than 2n bits as compared to the Ber-lekamp Massey Algorithm. However, this technique was not successful in cases where LFSRs have primitive polynomials with a higher number of tap points

Isolation and Protein Characterization of Lindane Degrading Root Epiphytic Bacterium Arthrobacter sp. T16 from Typha latifolia

Lindane, extensively used as pesticide, causes severe environmental hazard and is a threat to the humanity. The present study aims to assess the capability and mechanism of root epiphytic bacteria of wetland plant Typha latifolia to degrade lindane. Isolation of lindane degrading root epiphytic bacteria was done by standard enrichment technique and lindane degradation analysis was done using Gas Liquid Chromatography. Bacterial strain Arthrobacter sp. T16 was isolated and identified, which showed maximum degradation of 71.2 ± 1.3% of 50 mg l-1 lindane. Lindane biodegradation was accompanied with decrease in pH, increase in chloride ions concentration of culture medium and a positive dechlorination assay. Biodegradation potential of Arthrobacter sp. T16 was also studied at different lindane concentrations. Maximum degradation was observed at 10 mg l-1 lindane followed by 50 mg l-1 and 100 mg l-1 lindane. Lindane biodegradation kinetics study inferred that the average rate of lindane degradation increased with increase in lindane concentration. Lindane induced proteins in Arthrobacter sp. T16 were studied by SDS-PAGE. Distinctive polypeptides came into view in the presence of lindane and were identified as putative ABC transporter periplasmic amino acid-binding protein, elongation factor Tu and trifunctional transcriptional regulator/proline dehydrogenase/pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, each expressed due to lindane stress. This study specifies the potential of phytoremediation in controlling the environmental contamination problem with the help of indigenous organisms present in roots of plants

Molecular Characterization of Chinese Hamster Cells Mutants Affected in Adenosine Kinase and Showing Novel Genetic and Biochemical Characteristics

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Two isoforms of the enzyme adenosine kinase (AdK), which differ at their N-terminal ends, are found in mammalian cells. However, there is no information available regarding the unique functional aspects or regulation of these isoforms.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We show that the two AdK isoforms differ only in their first exons and the promoter regions; hence they arise via differential splicing of their first exons with the other exons common to both isoforms. The expression of these isoforms also varied greatly in different rat tissues and cell lines with some tissues expressing both isoforms and others expressing only one of the isoforms. To gain insights into cellular functions of these isoforms, mutants resistant to toxic adenosine analogs formycin A and tubercidin were selected from Chinese hamster (CH) cell lines expressing either one or both isoforms. The AdK activity in most of these mutants was reduced to <5% of wild-type cells and they also showed large differences in the expression of the two isoforms. Thus, the genetic alterations in these mutants likely affected both regulatory and structural regions of AdK. We have characterized the molecular alterations in a number of these mutants. One of these mutants lacking AdK activity was affected in the conserved NxxE motif thereby providing evidence that this motif involved in the binding of Mg²⁺and phosphate ions is essential for AdK function. Another mutant, Fom^R-4, exhibiting increased resistance to only C-adenosine analogs and whose resistance was expressed dominantly in cell-hybrids contained a single mutation leading to Ser₁₉₁Phe alteration in AdK. We demonstrate that this mutation in AdK is sufficient to confer the novel genetic and biochemical characteristics of this mutant. The unusual genetic and biochemical characteristics of the Fom^R-4 mutant suggest that AdK in this mutant might be complexed with the enzyme AMP-kinase. Several other AdK mutants were altered in surface residues that likely affect its binding to the adenosine analogs and its interaction with other cellular proteins.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These AdK mutants provide important insights as well as novel tools for understanding the cellular functions of the two isoforms and their regulation in mammalian cells.</p

PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFUSION PLASMABLASTIC LYMPHOMA IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT: A RARE PHENOMENON

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive neoplasm with a high rate of fatality. PEL cells are known to have morphological diversities, which range from immunoblastic or plasmablastic to anaplastic. Most of these cases are described in immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent patients. Plasmablastic lymphoma remains a diagnostic challenge, especially when encountered with the presentation as PEL. In spite of therapeutic advances, PEL remains an aggressive disease with a high rate of fatality. We describe one case of this extremely rare neoplasm in an immunocompromised patient presenting in the form of primary central nervous system effusion plasmablastic lymphoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case ever been reported in the literature

Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Plant Nutrition Through Mycorrhizal Interactions

In nature, many plants rely on symbiotic interaction with mycorrhizae for their nutrition and survival. For instance, nitrogen-fixing nodules and mycorrhizae are well established mutualistic biotic interactions between plants and bacterial/fungal partners under nitrogen limiting environment. Many small regulatory components of RNA like micro-RNAs play a critical role in establishment of these symbioses. These regulatory components are also crucial for balancing hormone levels, and synchronization of plant defenses and development pathways. However, functions of various sRNAs are still need to be addressed. This chapter will detailed out various important parts these regulatory components (sRNA, miRNA and siRNA) are playing during mycorrhizal interactions for plant growth, development and nutrition

Prediction of strength enhancement of subgrade soil reinforced with geotextile using artificial neural network and M5P model tree

Geosynthetics layers are being implemented as reinforcement to enhance the strength of subgrade soil (which is calculated in terms of CBR). Present research work, aims at investigating the strength enhancement in terms of CBR through experimental study. Experiments were conducted on subgrade soil reinforcing it with single and double layer woven and non-woven geotextile layer were placed at depth M/3, M/2 and 2/3M from the top of CBR specimen, where Mis height of CBR specimen. Result indicate that woven geotextile offers more strength to subgrade soil than non-woven geotextile, further as depth of placement of reinforcement increases from top lesser is increase in strength for both the geotextile. Strength also increases when double layer was placed in comparison to single layer for both the geotextile. ANN and M5P was used to predict the CBR value, result suggest improved performance of ANN over M5P for present data

How do we assess vulnerability to climate change in India : a systematic review of literature

This work was carried out under the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA), with financial support from the UK Government’s Department for International Development (DfID) and the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), CanadaIn India, several vulnerability assessment tools have been designed spanning multiple disciplines, by multiple actors, and at multiple scales. However, their conceptual, methodological, and disciplinary underpinnings, and resulting implications on who is identified as vulnerable, have not been interrogated. Addressing this gap, we systematically review peer-reviewed publications (n = 78) and grey literature (n = 42) to characterise how vulnerability to climate change is assessed in India. We frame our enquiry against four questions: (1) How is vulnerability conceptualised (vulnerability of whom/what, vulnerability to what), (2) who assesses vulnerability, (3) how is vulnerability assessed (methodology, scale), and (4) what are the implications of methodology on outcomes of the assessment. Our findings emphasise that methods to assess vulnerability to climate change are embedded in the disciplinary traditions, methodological approaches, and often-unstated motivations of those designing the assessment

Study of effect of intravenous iron sucrose on different haematological parameters in patients of anaemia in pregnancy

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous Iron sucrose by comparing the various hematological parameters before and after infusion of intravenous iron sucrose and also the safety and compliance in cases of pregnancy with anaemia.Methods: One fifty patients visited in OPD with haemoglobin level <7 gm/dl during 1st and 2nd trimester of pregnancy and all patients of 3rd trimester with mild, moderate or severe anemia after satisfying the inclusion criteria were included. These patients were investigated with different hematological parameters. Patient’s hemoglobin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, peripheral blood smear repeated after the completion of doses after 21 days.Results: Results were significant with increase in haemoglobin from baseline 6.7 ± 1.2 to 10.2 ± 1.9 after 21 days of treatment. There was significant rise of serum iron levels (93.14 ± 1.9 mcg/dl) post treatment. However repeat TIBC (94.66%) significantly decreased from baseline, mean TIBC was 314.66 ± 1.8 mcg/dl. Significant increase was also noted in MCV, MCH and PCV.Conclusions: This study showed significant improvement of hemoglobin and iron stores in pregnant women given calculated dose of iron sucrose complex infusion. It was safe for mother and fetus and is well tolerated

Position Control of Overhead Cranes Using fuzzy Controller

ABSTRACT:A Fuzzy Controller is used for the antisway tracking control of overhead cranes. Fuzzy Logic Controllers have been designed to deal with problems and situations where conventional control theories have failed. Fuzzy Logic Controllers have the capability of transforming linguistic information and expert knowledge into control signals. One of the main advantage is that its implementation process is comparatively simpler than conventional methods as it works on certain set of predefined rules which are simple if-then statements which are simple to understand as they are in common English language. The input parameters after being read from the sensors are fuzzified as per the membership function of the respective variables. These membership function curves are utilized to come to a solution and finally defuzzification is done to obtain a crisp output. KEYWORDS:Antisway Tracking Control, fuzzy Logic Controllers, linguistic information, Defuzzification, Fuzzification Overhead crane systems have been widely used for material transportation in many I.INTRODUCTION industrial fields, due to their low cost, easy assembly and maintenance. But its severely nonlinear properties bring about undesired swings, especially at take-off and arrival. Thus its automization create severe problem as they belong to a class of under actuated mechanical systems, i.e., they have fewer actuators than degrees of freedom. Overhead crane systems belong to the category of incomplete control systems, which only allow a limited number of inputs to control more outputs. Such uncontrolled oscillations cause both stability and safety problems. This drawback strongly constrains the operational efficiency and the application domain.For example, 2-D overhead cranes have one control input (a trolley driving force) and two system variables to be controlled (a horizontal trolley position and a load swing angle). This underactuation property results in a coupling effect between the load sway motion and the trolley travelling motion. In addition, uncontrolled load sway dynamics causes safety problems in crane systems, which makes it much more challenging to control them. Crane control systems have beendeveloped in such a way that the trolley is moved to a desired position as fast as possible while adequately suppressing the load swing angle II.LITERATURE SURVEY Since fuzzy logic controller can mimic human behaviour, many researchers applied fuzzy logic controller to control either overhead crane, gantry crane as well as rotary crane. A thorough literature overview was done on the usage of fuzzy logic controller as applied to the various crane systems. Lee, H. H. and Cho, S. K. This system is an incomplete control system because it has a smaller number of actuators than the number of controlled variables In order to simplify the modelling complexity, several assumptions have first to be made: Plastic deformation inthe system is ignored. The cable is treated as a weightless rigid body. The moment of inertia of the load is ignored and the load becomes a point mass. Therefore, the overhead crane system can be simplified to a cart-pendulum model with a variable pendulum length, as shown i

Engaging under- and/or never-engaged populations in health services: A systematic review

Patient engagement is a mechanism used to facilitate person-centred care, however, has not been realized in all patient populations. Often, many marginalized populations still remain under- and/or never-engaged. The purpose of this systematic review was to: 1) identify methods or interventions that have been used to engage under- and/or never-engaged populations in health services and 2) identify outcomes that are associated with engaging under- and/or never-engaged populations in health services. A comprehensive search using the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases was conducted to examine literature between January 2002 and January 2015. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Data was extracted from these studies and findings are synthesized based on discrete themes that map to the research objectives. The majority of studies were quantitative, repeated-measures designs and concentrated in the United States. Hispanic and Latino/a populations were most frequently included in these studies. The main methods of recruitment included: 1) referral from a healthcare provider, 2) patient self-referral after seeing advertisements on mass media or targeted media, 3) directly approached by researcher in-person or telephone, and 4) administrative databases. Interventions occurred primarily at the individual-level, however some system-level interventions were identified. Five main outcomes resulted from the interventions, including: 1) behavioural change, 2) physiological, 3) psychosocial, 4) system and 5) process. Finally, culture-specific components were embedded in the interventions, both as surface and deep structures. This study provides future direction for patient engagement related projects, as it relates to under-and never-engaged population in healthcare. Experience Framework This article is associated with the Patient, Family & Community Engagement lens of The Beryl Institute Experience Framework. (http://bit.ly/ExperienceFramework) Access other PXJ articles related to this lens. Access other resources related to this lens