Registro de nuevo huésped intermediario de Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) en el Perú

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is reported as new intermediate host of Hymenolepis diminuta from Peru.Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) es reportado como un nuevo hospedero intermediario de Hymenolepis diminuta en el Perú

Enhancing the Antibiotic Antibacterial Effect by Sub Lethal Tellurite Concentrations: Tellurite and Cefotaxime Act Synergistically in Escherichia coli

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria during the last decades has become a public health concern worldwide. Aiming to explore new alternatives to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria and given that the tellurium oxyanion tellurite is highly toxic for most microorganisms, we evaluated the ability of sub lethal tellurite concentrations to strengthen the effect of several antibiotics. Tellurite, at nM or µM concentrations, increased importantly the toxicity of defined antibacterials. This was observed with both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, irrespective of the antibiotic or tellurite tolerance of the particular microorganism. The tellurite-mediated antibiotic-potentiating effect occurs in laboratory and clinical, uropathogenic Escherichia coli, especially with antibiotics disturbing the cell wall (ampicillin, cefotaxime) or protein synthesis (tetracycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin). In particular, the effect of tellurite on the activity of the clinically-relevant, third-generation cephalosporin (cefotaxime), was evaluated. Cell viability assays showed that tellurite and cefotaxime act synergistically against E. coli. In conclusion, using tellurite like an adjuvant could be of great help to cope with several multi-resistant pathogens

Parásitos presentes en Periplaneta americana Linnaeus “cucaracha doméstica” de la ciudad de Ica

244 specimens of Periplaneta americana Linnaeus from 13 localities of Ica were studied. Nematodes and protozoa were identified. They are Lophomonas blattarum, Leptomonas sp., Leidynema appendiculatum and Hammerschmidtiella diesingi. Also, parasites of man were found, three of which are pathogenic: Giardia lamblia, Blastocystis hominis and Cryptosporidium sp.Se estudiaron 244 especímenes de Periplaneta americana Linnaeus procedentes del alcantarillado de 13 zonas de la ciudad de Ica. Se identificaron 2 protozoarios y 2 nemátodes propios de la fauna parasitaria de la “cucaracha doméstica”: Lophomonas blattarum, Leptomonas sp., Leidynema appendiculatum y Hammerschmidtiella diesingi y protozoarios que parasitan al hombre, de los cuales 3 especies son patógenas: Giardia lamblia, Blastocystis hominis y Cryptosporidium sp

Caracterizacion ultra-estructural de metacercarias de Diplostomum sp en Orestias luteus del Lago Titicaca, Perú

The objective of the present work was the ultra-structural characterization of metacercariae of Diplostomum sp in Orestias luteus from Lake Titicaca, Puno, Peru. 35 fish collected through non-probabilistic sampling were anesthetized with tricaine monosulfonate (Tricaine-s®) and necropsied to determine the number of Diplostomum sp present per fish. The extracted parasites were fixed and preserved for study by scanning electron microscope. The frequency of parasitosis was 48.6% (IC 95%: 32.0-65.1) with a mean parasitic intensity of infection of 3.53 (low). The metacercaria of Diplostomum sp are lingui form in shape with papillae unevenly distributed on the surface of the body, have a posterior border with a slight conical prominence, and an extreme anterior circle where the oral suction cup is located. There is also an ellipsoidal acetabulum located in the anterior and ventral third of the posterior segment of the body; behind that is the ovoid-shaped tri bocytic organ. The morpho anatomic characteristics of the parasite under study coincide with Diplostomum mordax. The prevalence of Diplostomum sp in Lake Titicaca is high compared to previous years. However, the average intensity is low; suggesting that, for the moment, Diplostomum sp is not a threat to the health of O. luteus.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue la caracterización ultraestructural de metacercarias de Diplostomum sp en Orestias luteus del lago Titicaca, Puno, Perú. Se recolectaron 35 peces mediante muestreo no probabilístico los cuales fueron anestesiados con tricaina mono sulfonato (Tricaine-s®) y se les realizó necropsia para determinar el número de Diplostomum sp presente por pez. Los parásitos extraídos se fijaron y conservaron para su estudio mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido. La frecuencia de parasitosis fue de 48,6% (IC95%: 32,0-65,1) con una intensidad de infección parasitaria media de 3,53 (baja). La metacercaria de Diplostomum sp son de forma linguiforme con papilas distribuidas de manera desigual en la superficie del cuerpo, tienen un borde posterior con una ligera prominencia cónica y un círculo anterior extremo donde se ubica la ventosa oral. También hay un acetábulo elipsoidal ubicado en el tercio anterior y ventral del segmento posterior del cuerpo; detrás de eso está el órgano tribocítico de forma ovoide. Las características morfo-anatómicas del parásito en estudio coinciden con Diplostomum mordax. La prevalencia de Diplostomum sp en el lago Titicaca es alto en comparación con años anteriores. Sin embargo, la intensidad media es baja; sugiriendo que, por el momento, Diplostomum sp. no es una amenaza para la salud de O. luteus

IDENTIFICACIÓN DE PARÁSITOS GASTROINTESTINALES EN PRIMATES NO HUMANOS DEL ZOOLÓGICO PARQUE NATURAL DE PUCALLPA, PERÚ.

The present study detected by stool examinations the presence of gastrointestinal parasites in nonhuman primates reared in captivity at the Pucallpa Natural Zoological Park, located in the department of Ucayali - Peru. A total of 72 collective fecal samples were collected from 58 individuals from species Cebus apella (brown capuchins), Saguinus fuscicollis weddelli (saddleback tamarins), Cebus albifrons (white-fronted capuchins), Lagothrix lagotricha (woolly monkey), Ateles paniscus chamek (spider monkey), Saimiri sciureus (squirrel monkey), Aotus nigriceps (black-headed night monkey) and Alouatta seniculus (red howler monkey). Samples were fixed in 10% formalin at 60 °C and analyzed by the direct method, and the Ritchie, Sheather, Sedimentation and Ziehl-Neelsen methods. Gastrointestinal parasites found were Strongyloides cebus (56/72), Paratriotaenia oedipomidatis (8/72), Prosthernorchis elegans (7/72), Trichostrongylidae (6/72), Oxyuroidea (2/72), Entamoeba coli (2/72), Coccidia oocysts (2/72), Cryptosporidium spp (3/72) and Balantidium coli (3/72). In the eight evaluated species, all had at least one parasite species.El presente estudio determinó, mediante exámenes coprológicos, la presencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en primates no humanos en cautiverio del Zoológico Parque Natural de Pucallpa, ubicado en el departamento de Ucayali - Perú. Se recolectaron 72 muestras fecales colectivas de 58 primates de las especies Cebus apella (machín negro), Saguinus fuscicollis weddelli (pichico común o tití), Cebus albifrons (machín blanco), Lagothrix lagotricha (mono choro), Ateles paniscus chamek (maquisapa), Saimiri sciureus (frailecillo), Aotus nigriceps (musmuqui) y Alouatta seniculus (mono coto o aullador rojo). Las muestras fueron fijadas en formol al 10% a 60 °C y posteriormente analizadas mediante los métodos Directo, Ritchie, Sheather, Sedimentación y tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen. Los parásitos gastrointestinales hallados fueron Strongyloides cebus (56/72), Paratriotaenia oedipomidatis (8/72), Prosthernorchis elegans (7/72), Trichostrongylidae (6/72), Oxyuroideo (2/72), Entamoeba coli (2/72), quiste tipo coccidia (2/72), Crytosporidium spp (3/72) y Balantidium coli (3/72). De las 8 especies de primates estudiadas, todas presentaron al menos una especie de parásito gastrointestinal

RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PARASITE FREQUENCY IN FAECAL SAMPLES IN ROUTINE LABORATORY ANALYSIS

Se analizaron retrospectivamente los resultados de exámenes parasitológicos demuestras fecales de caninos en el Laboratorio de Parasitología de la Facultad de Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, entre febrero de 2008 y marzo de 2012. De un total de 476 muestras, 119 (25.0%) resultaron positivas para al menos un tipo de parásito. De las muestras positivas, el 71.5, 20.3 y 8.1% correspondieron a protozoos, nematodos y cestodos, respectivamente, siendo las especies de mayor frecuencia Giardia canis (37/119) e Isospora spp (37/119).A retrospective analysis of parasitological test results in fecal samples was done.Samples were analyzed at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicineand Animal Science, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia between February 2008and March 2012. Out of 476 samples, 119 (25.0%) were positive to at least one parasitespecies. Among positive samples, 71.5, 20.3 and 8.1% corresponded to protozoa,nematodes and cestodes respectively where the most frequent species were Giardiacanis (37/119) and Isospora spp (37/119)

Infección por virus sincicial respiratorio. Reporte de casos de pacientes en área crítica pediátrica de un hospital del norte de Perú.

Background: The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) responsible for pneumonia and cause of hospitalization in critical pediatric areas, can cause deaths in infants. Report of case: Five infrequent cases were analyzed at a seasonal level in a hospital in northern Peru during the period from April to June 2019, where patients with pneumonia caused by RSV were observed, confirmed by direct immunofluorescence, chest radiography and with the presence of associated clinical findings hepatomegaly and atelectasis. Of the 05 cases: 4 correspond to boys and a girl, aged 2-7 months, all were hospitalized, presented wheezing, crackles and polytirage as prevalent signs at admission, all developed severe pneumonia and complications, were recorded two deaths in children under 6 months of age, with complications of sepsis, PARDS, and mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: the cases reflect characteristic clinical pictures of the disease, pneumonia and atelectasis in infants, complications such as SOB, PARDS and hepatomegaly.Introducción: El Virus sincicial respiratorio (VSR) responsable de neumonía y causa de hospitalización en áreas críticas pediátricas, puede ocasionar muertes en lactantes. Reporte de caso: Se analizaron cinco casos infrecuentes a nivel estacional en un hospital al norte de Perú durante el periodo de abril a junio del 2019, donde se observaron pacientes con neumonía causados por VSR, confirmado por inmunofluorescencia directa, radiografia de tórax y con presencia de hallazgos clínicos asociados hepatomegalia y atelectasia. De los 05 casos: 4 correspondieron a niños y una niña, en edades comprendidas de 2-7 meses, todos fueron hospitalizados, presentaron sibilancias, crepitantes y politiraje como signos prevalentes al ingreso, todos desarrollaron cuadro de neumonía severa y complicaciones, se registraron dos defunciones en menores de 6 meses, con complicaciones de sepsis, PARDS y ventilación mecánica. Conclusión: los casos presentados reflejan cuadros clínicos característicos de la enfermedad, neumonía y atelectasia en lactantes, complicaciones como SOB, PARDS y hepatomegalia

Parásitos gastrointestinales en el mono choro cola amarilla (Lagothrix flavicauda) de vida silvestre en el distrito Corosha, Amazonas, Perú

The aim of this study was to identify gastrointestinal parasites present in wild yellow-tailed woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) in the Corosha district, Amazonas department, Peru. Twenty fecal samples were collected immediately after defecation. Each sample was separated into two portions to be fixed in 10% formalin at 65 ºC and in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The samples were analyzed using the Direct, Ritchie, Sheather Sugar, Gomori trichrome staining and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining methods. The gastrointestinal parasites found were four nematodes (Capillaria sp, Ancylostoma sp, Strongyloides cebus, Strongyloides sp), one cestode (Paratriotaenia oedipomidatis), one acantocephalus (Prosthenorchis elegans) and three protozoa (Entamoeba coli, Cryptosporidium sp, Coccidia sp. Coccidia sp is a new genus reported for Lagothrix flavicauda.El objetivo del estudio fue identificar parásitos gastrointestinales presentes en monos choro cola amarilla (Lagothrix flavicauda) de vida silvestre en el distrito de Corosha, departamento de Amazonas, Perú. Se recolectaron 20 muestras fecales inmediatas a la defecación. Cada muestra se separó en dos porciones para ser fijadas en formol al 10% a 65 ºC y en alcohol polivinílico (PVA). Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante los métodos Directo, Ritchie, Sheather Sugar, coloración tricrómico de Gomori y tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen modificado. Los parásitos gastrointestinales encontrados fueron: cuatro nematodos (Capillaria sp, Ancylostoma sp, Strongyloides cebus, Strongyloides sp), un cestodo (Paratriotaenia oedipomidatis), un acantocéfalo (Prosthenorchis elegans) y tres protozoarios (Entamoeba coli, Cryptosporidium sp, Coccidia sp). Coccidia sp es un género nuevo reportado para Lagothrix flavicauda.&nbsp

Catalases Are NAD(P)H-Dependent Tellurite Reductases

Reactive oxygen species damage intracellular targets and are implicated in cancer, genetic disease, mutagenesis, and aging. Catalases are among the key enzymatic defenses against one of the most physiologically abundant reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide. The well-studied, heme-dependent catalases accelerate the rate of the dismutation of peroxide to molecular oxygen and water with near kinetic perfection. Many catalases also bind the cofactors NADPH and NADH tenaciously, but, surprisingly, NAD(P)H is not required for their dismutase activity. Although NAD(P)H protects bovine catalase against oxidative damage by its peroxide substrate, the catalytic role of the nicotinamide cofactor in the function of this enzyme has remained a biochemical mystery to date. Anions formed by heavy metal oxides are among the most highly reactive, natural oxidizing agents. Here, we show that a natural isolate of Staphylococcus epidermidis resistant to tellurite detoxifies this anion thanks to a novel activity of its catalase, and that a subset of both bacterial and mammalian catalases carry out the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of soluble tellurite ion (TeO(3) (2−)) to the less toxic, insoluble metal, tellurium (Te°), in vitro. An Escherichia coli mutant defective in the KatG catalase/peroxidase is sensitive to tellurite, and expression of the S. epidermidis catalase gene in a heterologous E. coli host confers increased resistance to tellurite as well as to hydrogen peroxide in vivo, arguing that S. epidermidis catalase provides a physiological line of defense against both of these strong oxidizing agents. Kinetic studies reveal that bovine catalase reduces tellurite with a low Michaelis-Menten constant, a result suggesting that tellurite is among the natural substrates of this enzyme. The reduction of tellurite by bovine catalase occurs at the expense of producing the highly reactive superoxide radical

A new species of cosmocercoides (Nematoda; cosmocercidae) and other helminths in leptodactylus latrans (anura; leptodactylidae) from Argentina

Cosmocercoides latrans n. sp. (Cosmocercidae) from the small intestine of Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Northeastern Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina is described. The new species can be distinguished from their congeners by a combination of the characters, among which stands out the number of rosette papillae, the lack of gubernaculum and the presence of lateral alae in both sexes. There are over 20 species in the genus Cosmocercoides, and Cosmocercoides latrans n. sp. represents the third species from the Neotropical realm and the second for Argentina. Additionally, seven previously known taxa are reported; Pseudoacanthocephalus cf. lutzi, Catadiscus uruguayensis, Rauschiella palmipedis, Aplectana hylambatis, Cosmocerca parva, Schrankiana sp. and Rhabdias elegans; providing literature records and information on distribution and host-parasite relationships.Fil: Draghi, Regina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología Invertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Drago, Fabiana Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología Invertebrados; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Lunaschi, Lía Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología Invertebrados; Argentin