Memory and migration: The turkish experience of the compulsory population exchange

Ένας από τους όρους της Συνθήκης της Λωζάννης ήταν και η υποχρεωτική ανταλλαγή του Ορθόδοξου πληθυσμού της Τουρκίας με τον μουσουλμανικό πληθυσμό της Ελλάδας. Και ενώ πολλές ανθρωπολογικές, κοινωνιολογικές και ιστορικές μελέτες ασχολήθηκαν με τη ζωή των Ρωμιών ανταλλαγέντων της Μικράς Ασίας, ελάχιστες από αυτές ασχολήθηκαν με την πρώτη γενιά των ανταλλαγέντων μουσουλμάνων της Ελλάδας. Αυτό το άρθρο εξετάζει, μέσα από την προφορική ιστορική έρευνα, την εμπειρία αυτών των ανθρώπων από την εγκατάστασή τους στη νέα τους πατρίδα, πώς βίωσαν την υποχρεωτική μετακίνησή τους στο πλαίσιο της ανταλλαγής των πληθυσμών άλλα και πώς αντιλήφθηκαν τη διαδικασία της δημιουργίας της Τουρκικής Δημοκρατίας. Η νέα αναπαράσταση της ιστορίας είναι ανεξάρτητη από κοινωνικές μνήμες. Όμως μπορεί να ενισχυθεί από την κοινοτική μνήμη, δηλαδή από τις προφορικές μαρτυρίες αυτών των ομάδων σε σχέση με τα γεγονότα που βίωσαν. Στόχος της εργασίας αυτής είναι να νοηματοδοτήσει τις ιδεολογικοπολιτικές επιδράσεις πού ασκήθηκαν στους ανταλλαγέντες μουσουλμάνους και να ερμηνεύσει την πρόσληψή τους από αυτούς λαμβάνοντας υπόψη αντίστοιχα κριτήρια

TURKEY BEYOND CAP: AGRO-FOOD COMMERCIAL RELATIONS WITH EMILIA-ROMAGNA

The objective of this paper is to analyse the role that European countries’ institutional relations and economic policies have in improving the competitiveness, sustainable development and structural adjustments of farms and agro-food economy in Turkey by supporting sustainable and long-lasting foreign agricultural commercial relations. In particular, the paper analyses the case study of Turkey and Emilia-Romagna region agro-food economic trade and the institutional relations developed within a political and institutional framework of actions over the last decade showing how these initiatives have contributed to enhance the role of Turkey as an increasingly important trade partner country. The paper concludes that future CAP budget constraints should lead to a forward looking European enlargement policy towards candidate countries with agriculture oriented economies aiming at supporting agro-food economic relations and eventually a diminishing role of direct CAP support.Agro-Food Policy, Turkey, International Trade, Cap, Enlargement, Agricultural and Food Policy, Political Economy, Q10, Q18,

Design and development of a multi-functional laparoscopic device

This study presents a design of a multifunctional laparoscopic appendectomy device that includes three surgical instruments commonly used in laparoscopic appendicitis surgeries: endoloop, endobag and scissors. It collects these three independent surgical tools in a single laparoscopic appendectomy device. These days there is a trend of moving to multi-functional surgery devices during minimally invasive surgery. The main reasons behind the minimal invasive surgery are to avoid changing the devices several times during the operation, to reduce the time spent in operation, to increase the efficiency of the operation, to facilitate the follow-up of the camera and devices, and to leave trocars to be used for other surgical instruments. The multi-functional appendectomy device that, we present here, provides these benefits. The standard trocar entries are appropriate for its usage. The presented multifunctional laparoscopic appendectomy device offers more practical use in comparison to individual devices. On the other hand, development of these multi-functional surgery devices can be directly enhanced to the robotic surgery devices

Non-invasive evaluation of the adaptations of cardiac function in the neonatal period: a comparison of healthy infants delivered by vaginal route and caesarean section.

Postnatal adaptations of cardiac hemodynamics in infants born vaginally or by caesarean section may be different. These cardiac functions were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography to assess adaptation differences. Cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, total systemic vascular resistance, ejection fraction, and ductus arteriosus diameter were determined and compared at 1, 24 and 72 h of life in 22 infants born vaginally (group 1) and 23 born by caesarean section (group 2). One hour after delivery, heart rate, mean blood pressure, and total systemic resistance were found to be higher in group 1 infants (P &#60; 0.01, P &#60; 0.05, P &#60; 0.05 respectively). Stroke-volume measurements were significantly higher in group 2 (P &#60; 0.05). The ejection fraction and cardiac output values were similar in both groups. At 24 and 72 h, no significant differences were observed in measurements of infants born vaginally or by caesarean section. We did not find a parameter negatively affecting healthy newborns in either mode of delivery. However, under pathological conditions affecting the cardiovascular system at 1 h of life, including perinatal infections and hypoxemia, a lower stroke volume, higher heart rate, higher mean blood pressure, and higher peripheral resistance may cause additional work load to the cardiovascular system in infants born vaginally.</p

Management of erosion of inflatable penile prosthesis reservoir into bladder. A different approach

We report a rare case of erosion of an inflatable penile prosthesis reservoir into the bladder that was managed with a different approach from the literature by preserving the existing reservoir. Inflatable penile implant was applied to a 54-year-old male patient who had undergone with a robot-assisted radical prostatectomy operation due to localized prostate cancer 2 years before. Two months after the operation, the patient referred to our clinic with predominant symptoms of lower urinary tract system associated with scrotal pain and swelling. The urinary system ultrasonography (USG) and the lower abdomen magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated that the reservoir of the penile prosthesis was in the bladder. Cystoscopy confirmed that the reservoir was in the bladder. According to literature the reservoir was surgically removed from bladder. After bladder repair, the rectus muscles were repaired creating a space between the rectus muscle and the skin, where the reservoir was placed. After postoperative observation, the patient was discharged without any infection and regression of the lower urinary tract symptoms. No problem was referred by using the penile prosthesis when at 1-month and 3-month follow up and the patient was not uncomfortable in this regard. In conclusion no drawback occurred by using the old reservoir

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY

Since most of in utero bone mass accretion occurs during the third trimester and postnatal need for bone nutrients is increased, preterm infants have an increased risk of low bone mass. Early identification of the risk is of crucial importance. Quantitative ultrasound, which is a relatively inexpensive, portable, noninvasive, and radiation-free method, gives information about bone density, cortical thickness, elasticity and microarchitecture. The aim of this study was to obtain quantitative ultrasound measurements of tibial speed of sound of preterm and term infants and to assess clinical factors associated with these measurements during the first year of life. Seventy-eight preterm and 48 term infants were enrolled in this study. Measurements were made on the 10th day of life in both groups, and were repeated on the 2nd, 6th and 12th months for preterm infants and on the 12th month for the term infants. Speed of sound on preterm infants was significantly decreased on the 2nd month but significantly increased on the 12th month (P = 0.00). Comparing speed of sound of term and preterm infants, 10th day measurements were significantly different (P = 0.00), but there was not any significant difference between the 12th month values (P = 0.26). There was not any relation between biochemical parameters and speed of sound. The technique has potential clinical value for assessment of bone status. Further studies with long term follow up are needed to evaluate the value of quantitative ultrasound with other bone markers to predict the risk of fracture. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Synergistic inhibition effect between 4-amino-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol, citrate ions and polycarboxylate for corrosion protection of C1010 steel in cooling water system

The inhibition efficiency of 4-amino-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol compound was studied by itself as well as in a mixture that included co-additives (polycarboxylate and citrate) for C1010 steel in a typical ground cooling water environment. Weight loss measurements, solution assay analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic measurement techniques were utilized for the assessment of corrosion inhibition efficiency. The inhibition efficiency was found to be 70%, with 100 ppm inhibitor concentration, without any co-additive. This case was attributed to limited access of existing inhibitor molecules on the surface in the presence of various insoluble compounds that are readily formed with various cations and CO3 2- /OH- ions. In order to prevent scale deposition and strengthening of the inhibition efficiency, polycarboxylate was used as the dispersive agent and citrate ions were introduced for synergism. The SEM-EDS analysis clearly depicted that the mixture formulation (10 ppm 4-amino-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol + 1 ppm polycarboxylate + 2 ppm citrate) could prevent scale deposition and the attack of corrosive environment. Furthermore, the inhibition efficiency of this mixture was determined to be 89%. FTIR studies indicated the presence of both 4-amino-5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol and citrate in the protective surface layer. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.This work was supported by Cukurova University. The authors are greatly thankful to Cukurova University Scientific Research Fund for the financially support of the study