478 research outputs found
Optimality and Duality for Nonsmooth Multiobjective Fractional Programming with Generalized Invexity
AbstractIn this paper, we consider a class of nonsmooth multiobjective fractional programming problems in which functions are locally Lipschitz. We establish generalized KarushâKuhnâTucker necessary and sufficient optimality conditions and derive duality theorems for nonsmooth multiobjective fractional programming problems containing V-Ï-invex functions
Leaf Cuticular Wax, a Trait for Multiple Stress Resistance in Crop Plants
Cuticular waxes form the primary interface between a plant and its external environment. The most important function of this hydrophobic interface is regulation of non-stomatal water loss, gas exchange and conferring resistance to a wide range of biotic as well as abiotic stresses. The biosynthesis, transport and deposition of the cuticular waxes are tightly coordinated by complex molecular networks, which are also often regulated in response to various developmental, biotic as well as abiotic cues. Evidences from model as well as non-model systems suggest that targeted manipulation of the molecular regulators of wax biosynthetic pathways could enhance plant resistance to multiple stresses as well as enhance the post-harvest quality of produce. Under the current scenario of varying climatic conditions, where plants often encounter multiple stress conditions, cuticular waxes is an appropriate trait to be considered for crop improvement programs, as any attempt to improve cuticular traits would be advantageous to the crop to enhance its adaptability to diverse adverse conditions. This chapter briefs on the significance of cuticular waxes in plants, its biosynthesis, transport and deposition, its implication on plant resistance to adverse conditions, and the current options in targeted manipulation of wax-traits for breeding new crop types
Evidence for Modification of the Electronic Density-of-States by Zero-Point Lattice Motion in One-Dimension - Luminescence and Resonance Raman Studies of An Mx Solid
Luminescence spectra, both emission and excitation, and the excitation dependence of the resonance Raman spectra, have been measured for the quasi-one-dimensional charge-density-wave material [Pt(en)2][Pt(en)2Cl2](ClO4)4, en = 1,2-diaminoethane. While the luminescence experiments show the existence of tail states at low temperature in the band gap region, the Raman measurements conclusively demonstrate that this tail does not arise from ordinary static structural disorder. These results can be explained by considering the zero-point motion of the lattice
Theory of the beta-type Organic Superconductivity under Uniaxial Compression
We study theoretically the shift of the superconducting transition
temperature (Tc) under uniaxial compression in beta-type organic
superconductors, beta-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 and beta-(BDA-TTP)2X[X=SbF6,AsF6], in order
to clarify the electron correlation, the spin frustration and the effect of
dimerization. The transfer integrals are calculated by the extended Huckel
method assuming the uniaxial strain and the superconducting state mediated by
the spin fluctuation is solved using Eliashberg's equation with the
fluctuation-exchange approximation. The calculation is carried out on both the
dimerized (one-band) and nondimerized (two-band) Hubbard models. We have found
that (i) the behavior of Tc in beta-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 with a stronger dimerization
is well reproduced by the dimer model, while that in weakly dimerized
beta-BDA-TTP salts is rather well reproduced by the two-band model, and (ii)
the competition between the spin frustration and the effect induced by the
fluctuation is important in these materials, which causes nonmonotonic shift of
Tc against uniaxial compression.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, 2 tabl
Laboratory investigation of lateral dispersion within dense arrays of randomly distributed cylinders at transitional Reynolds number
Published versio
Pressure Tuning of the Charge Density Wave in the Halogen-Bridged Transition-Metal (MX) Solid
We report the pressure dependence up to 95 kbar of Raman active stretching
modes in the quasi-one-dimensional MX chain solid . The data
indicate that a predicted pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transition does
not occur, but are consistent with the solid undergoing either a
three-dimensional structural distortion, or a transition from a charge-density
wave to another broken-symmetry ground state. We show that such a transition
cacan be well-modeled within a Peierls-Hubbard Hamiltonian. 1993 PACS:
71.30.+h, 71.45.Lr, 75.30.Fv, 78.30.-j, 81.40.VwComment: 4 pages, ReVTeX 3.0, figures available from the authors on request
(Gary Kanner, [email protected]), to be published in Phys Rev B Rapid
Commun, REVISION: minor typos corrected, LA-UR-94-246
Set optimization - a rather short introduction
Recent developments in set optimization are surveyed and extended including
various set relations as well as fundamental constructions of a convex analysis
for set- and vector-valued functions, and duality for set optimization
problems. Extensive sections with bibliographical comments summarize the state
of the art. Applications to vector optimization and financial risk measures are
discussed along with algorithmic approaches to set optimization problems
Gravity Currents in Aquatic Canopies
A lock exchange experiment is used to investigate the propagation of gravity currents through a random array of rigid, emergent cylinders which represents a canopy of aquatic plants. As canopy drag increases, the propagating front varies from the classic profile of an unobstructed gravity current to a triangular profile. Unlike the unobstructed lock exchange, the gravity current in the canopy decelerates with time as the front lengthens. Two drag-dominated regimes associated with linear and nonlinear drag laws are identified. The theoretical expression for toe velocity is supported by observed values. Empirical criteria are developed to predict the current regime from the cylinder Reynolds number and the array density.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant EAR0309188)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant EAR0509658)Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Presidential Graduate Fellowship
Sensitivity in Multiobjective Programming by Differential Equations Methods. The Case of Homogeneous Functions
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Multi-Objective Programming and Goal Programming, Torremolinos, Spain, May 16-18, 1996.The purpose of this paper is to characterize for convex multiobjective programming, the situations in which the sensitivity with respect to the right side vector of the constraints can be obtained as a solution of a dual program.Publicad
Measurement and comparison of individual external doses of high-school students living in Japan, France, Poland and Belarus -- the "D-shuttle" project --
Twelve high schools in Japan (of which six are in Fukushima Prefecture), four
in France, eight in Poland and two in Belarus cooperated in the measurement and
comparison of individual external doses in 2014. In total 216 high-school
students and teachers participated in the study. Each participant wore an
electronic personal dosimeter "D-shuttle" for two weeks, and kept a journal of
his/her whereabouts and activities. The distributions of annual external doses
estimated for each region overlap with each other, demonstrating that the
personal external individual doses in locations where residence is currently
allowed in Fukushima Prefecture and in Belarus are well within the range of
estimated annual doses due to the background radiation level of other
regions/countries
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