Inverse Ising effect and Ising magnetoresistance

Ising (Zeeman-type) spin-orbit coupling (SOC) generated by in-plane inverse asymmetry has attracted considerable attention, especially in Ising superconductors and spin-valley coupling physics. However, many unconventional observations and emerging physical phenomena remain to be elucidated. Here, we theoretically study the spin texture of {\sigma}_z (spin angular momentum projection along z) induced by Ising SOC in 1Td WTe2, and propose an unconventional spin-to-charge conversion named inverse Ising effect, in which the directions of the spin current, spin polarization and charge current are not orthogonal. In particular, we predict the Ising magnetoresistance, whose resistance depends on the out-of-plane magnetic momentum in WTe2/ferromagnetic heterostructure. The Ising magnetoresistance is believed to be an interesting counterpart to the well studied spin Hall magnetoresistance. Our predictions provide promising way to spin-momentum locking and spin-charge conversion based on emerging Ising SOC

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL PATTERN OF VEGETATION INDEX CHANGE AND THE RELATIONSHIP TO LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN ZOIGE

The Zoige wetland is the largest alpine peat wetland in China, and it has been degrading since 1960s. MODIS Enhance Vegetation Index (EVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) products in late august from 2000 to 2014 were employed to explore vegetation index and land surface temperature change tendency and to perform Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI). The correlation between the annual mean of EVI and annual mean of LST was also calculated at pixel scale. The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between wetland degradation and climate change. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Average EVI in Zoige plateau tended to be decreasing from 2000 to 2014, especially after 2007. In wetland areas, the annual mean of EVI were negative, while the slope were positive. It showed that the water storage of wetlands in Zoige plateau had been decreasing in the past 15 years and will keep decreasing in the future. (2) Overall, LST in the whole Zoige plateau had been increasing since 2000. While the minimum TVDI increased from 2000 to 2008 and then decreased. The change of TVDI suggested that drought should be a main factor that lead to wetland degradation in Zoige. (3) The uneven distribution of the correlation between EVI and LST suggested that LST is also one of the main reasons of wetland degradation

Metabolite profiles of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 in zebrafish using ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole–time-of-flight MS

AbstractBackgroundIn the present study, metabolite profiles of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 from red ginseng or red notoginseng in zebrafish were qualitatively analyzed with ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole–time-of-flight MS, and the possible metabolic were pathways proposed.MethodsAfter exposing to zebrafish for 24 h, we determined the metabolites of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5. The chromatography was accomplished on UPLC BEH C18 column using a binary gradient elution of 0.1% formic acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid water. The quasimolecular ions of compounds were analyzed in the negative mode. With reference to quasimolecular ions and MS2 spectra, by comparing with reference standards and matching the empirical molecular formula with that of known published compounds, and then the potential structures of metabolites of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 were acquired.ResultsFour and seven metabolites of ginsenoside Rk1 and ginsenoside Rg5, respectively, were identified in zebrafish. The mechanisms involved were further deduced to be desugarization, glucuronidation, sulfation, and dehydroxymethylation pathways. Dehydroxylation and loss of C-17 residue were also metabolic pathways of ginsenoside Rg5 in zebrafish.ConclusionLoss of glucose at position C-3 and glucuronidation at position C-12 in zebrafish were regarded as the primary physiological processes of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5

microRNA-33a-5p increases radiosensitivity by inhibiting glycolysis in melanoma.

Glycolysis was reported to have a positive correlation with radioresistance. Our previous study found that the miR-33a functioned as a tumor suppressor in malignant melanoma by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor1-alpha (HIF-1α), a gene known to promote glycolysis. However, the role of miR-33a-5p in radiosensitivity remains to be elucidated. We found that miR-33a-5p was downregulated in melanoma tissues and cells. Cell proliferation was downregulated after overexpression of miR-33a-5p in WM451 cells, accompanied by a decreased level of glycolysis. In contrast, cell proliferation was upregulated after inhibition of miR-33a-5p in WM35 cells, accompanied by increased glycolysis. Overexpression of miR-33a-5p enhanced the sensitivity of melanoma cells to X-radiation by MTT assay, while downregulation of miR-33a-5p had the opposite effects. Finally, in vivo experiments with xenografts in nude mice confirmed that high expression of miR-33a-5p in tumor cells increased radiosensitivity via inhibiting glycolysis. In conclusions, miR-33a-5p promotes radiosensitivity by negatively regulating glycolysis in melanoma

FPGA-based real-time moving target detection system for unmanned aerial vehicle application

Moving target detection is the most common task for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to find and track object of interest from a bird's eye view in mobile aerial surveillance for civilian applications such as search and rescue operation. The complex detection algorithm can be implemented in a real-time embedded system using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This paper presents the development of real-time moving target detection System-on-Chip (SoC) using FPGA for deployment on a UAV. The detection algorithm utilizes area-based image registration technique which includes motion estimation and object segmentation processes. The moving target detection system has been prototyped on a low-cost Terasic DE2-115 board mounted with TRDB-D5M camera. The system consists of Nios II processor and stream-oriented dedicated hardware accelerators running at 100 MHz clock rate, achieving 30-frame per second processing speed for 640 × 480 pixels' resolution greyscale videos

Electric Field Effect in Multilayer Cr2Ge2Te6: a Ferromagnetic Two-Dimensional Material

The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted a great deal of attention due to their fascinating physical properties and potential applications for future nanoelectronic devices. Since the first isolation of graphene, a Dirac material, a large family of new functional 2D materials have been discovered and characterized, including insulating 2D boron nitride, semiconducting 2D transition metal dichalcogenides and black phosphorus, and superconducting 2D bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide, molybdenum disulphide and niobium selenide, etc. Here, we report the identification of ferromagnetic thin flakes of Cr2Ge2Te6 (CGT) with thickness down to a few nanometers, which provides a very important piece to the van der Waals structures consisting of various 2D materials. We further demonstrate the giant modulation of the channel resistance of 2D CGT devices via electric field effect. Our results illustrate the gate voltage tunability of 2D CGT and the potential of CGT, a ferromagnetic 2D material, as a new functional quantum material for applications in future nanoelectronics and spintronics.Comment: To appear in 2D Material

An improved adaptive triangular mesh-based image warping method

It is of vital importance to stitch the two images into a panorama in many computer vision applications of motion detection and tracking and virtual reality, panoramic photography, and virtual tours. To preserve more local details and with few artifacts in panoramas, this article presents an improved mesh-based joint optimization image stitching model. Since the uniform vertices are usually used in mesh-based warps, we consider the matched feature points and uniform points as grid vertices to strengthen constraints on deformed vertices. Simultaneously, we define an improved energy function and add a color similarity term to perform the alignment. In addition to good alignment and minimal local distortion, a regularization parameter strategy of combining our method with an as-projective-as-possible (APAP) warp is introduced. Then, controlling the proportion of each part by calculating the distance between the vertex and the nearest matched feature point to the vertex. This ensures a more natural stitching effect in non-overlapping areas. A comprehensive evaluation shows that the proposed method achieves more accurate image stitching, with significantly reduced ghosting effects in the overlapping regions and more natural results in the other areas. The comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art image stitching warps and achieves higher precision panorama stitching and less distortion in the overlapping. The proposed algorithm illustrates great application potential in image stitching, which can achieve higher precision panoramic image stitching