Magnetic resonance imaging in human teeth internal space visualization for requirements of dental prosthetics

Objectives: The aim of this work has been a verification possibility to use 3D spin echo magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the dentistry within the scope of a dimensional imaging of the inner spaces of teeth during an prosthetic procedure. Methods: 6 extracted molar teeth were used after preparation for the inner root canals fixations. Magnetic resonance (MR) measurements were carried out on a 4.7 T MRI system with Maran DRX console and home built actively shielded gradient coils and rf probe head. Results: Research proceedings made it possible to compare the quality of internal tooth space after preparation for inner root canals fixations constructed using both classical methods (polymer mass impression) and non-imressional methods (MRI representation) Conclusions: A numerical model of prepared root canals obtained with the method of the magnetic resonance visualization may constitute in the future a basis for a non-impressional technique of imaging, usefull for dental prosthetics. A numerical model of the prepared root canals obtained with the method of the magnetic resonance visualization imaging combined with the method of images analysis, may in the future constitute a basis for an automatic 3D modelling of the inner root canals fixations, supported with computer applications dedicated for the designing purposes (CAD-computer aided design)

Vitamin D - is there a correlation between vitamin D level in serum and caries? - review of the literature with analysis of survey among Polish adults about supplementation of vitamin D

Introduction: Caries is a common disease with a complex etiology, classified as a civilization disease. In Poland, it affects up to 90% of children. According to research, 99.9% of Poles between 34 and 44 years old have or have been suffering from caries - moreover, only 5.4% of those in the group have full dentition. An important role in the resistance to caries is adequate mineralization of hard tissues. The relationship between the level of vitamin D, which participates in proper bone mineralization and the presence of caries in the oral cavity, has been studied for years. In Poland, it is recommended to supplement vitamin D in children and adults from September to May and the whole year if skin production is insufficient. Material and methods: The analysis of the correlation between the occurrence of caries and the level of vitamin D in the blood serum was made on the basis of articles published in the last 7 years, available in the database PubMed. Results: Available researches from last seven years suggest strong correlation between level of vitamin D in serum and occupancy of caries among children

The analysis of the oral hygiene habits among Polish children

Introduction: The frequency of dental caries among Polish children is higher than in surrounding high development countries at comparable latitude. To reduce the prevalence of the carries required is sufficient level knowledge and oral regimen maintaining habits among both - children and their parents. This article is a questionnaire-based analysis of oral hygiene practice among school-aged children. Material and methods: The single-choice survey was performed on 76 children between 7 and 16 years old, living in the Upper Silesia region of Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. Responders have been divided into three groups (group A - 7-9 years old children, group B - 10-12 years old, group C - over 13 years old). Questionnaire for groups A and B contained 14 questions, while one for children from group C - 12. Results: The results of the survey indicate insufficient intentness of children in processes of keeping proper hygiene in the oral cavity and lacking involvement of parents in the control of oral hygiene of children. The overhead translates into in the future for increased caries presence among Polish children

Oral microbiota and systemic disease

The oral cavity is has been resided by thousands of species of microorganisms, which remaining in different relationships. Disturbing the balance between microorganisms and host immunity can lead to the development of many serious local conditions, as well as changes in the organs placed away from the head and neck region. This article describes serious complications of local oral cavity infections like - exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary, brain abscesses, infective endocarditis, diabetes mellitus, and even sepsis. The article also shows the potential connections between periodontal tissue inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders or cancer placed in distant organs. During treatment of periodontal patients, the physician should remember about the influence and risk of bacterial oral diseases

Oral Cavity Disorders Among Patients With Parkinson’S Disease - Case Reports

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative ailment, caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the specific area of a brain. Motor disability which is a symptom of PD, make maintaining the proper hygiene in the mouth difficult. Despite motor disorders, also cognitive dysfunctions can have a negative impact on the oral health of the patient, due to the lack of interest in the condition of the patient's oral cavity. Non-motor symptoms and even those associated with the oral cavity may be an indication for proper and early diagnosis of the patient. Disorders which occurs in the oral cavity during the sickness, are often neglected by patients and their caregivers. The role of the dentist in this situation is to make patients and their environment aware of the importance of the oral cavity - especially, due to the fact that newest studies suggest the association between ongoing systemic inflammation in the body, including periodontitis, and the development and progression of Parkinson's disease

A Comparative Study of Oral Microbiota in Infants with Complete Cleft Lip and Palate or Cleft Soft Palate

Few reports have been published on the early microbiota in infants with various types of cleft palate. We assessed the formation of the oral microbiota in infants with complete cleft lip and palate (CLP = 30) or cleft soft palate (CSP = 25) in the neonatal period (T1 time) and again in the gum pad stage (T2 time). Culture swabs from the tongue, palate, and/or cleft margin at T1 and T2 were taken. We analysed the prevalence of the given bacterial species (the percentage) and the proportions in which the palate and tongue were colonised by each microorganism. At T1, Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis) were the most frequently detected in subjects with CLP or CSP (63% and 60%, resp.). A significantly higher frequency of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus MSSA) was observed in CLP compared to the CSP group. At T2, significantly higher percentages of S. mitis, S. aureus MSSA, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae family were noted in CLP infants compared to the CSP. S. mitis and Streptococcus sanguinis appeared with the greatest frequency on the tongue, whereas Streptococcus salivarius was predominant on the palate. The development of the microbiota in CLP subjects was characterised by a significant increase in the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria

The role of essential oils in oral hygiene - a review of the literature

Due to increasing of resistance of the microorganisms which causes periodontitis, mucositis - essential oils - source known from antiquity, may be helpful. Extracted from plants essential oils (EO of the selected plants) - contain in selected oils, can reduce the amount of pathogens in the mouth and help the action of antibiotics and other active components used in the prevention and the treatment of oral diseases. Essential oils are widely used: to reduce the formation of the plaque which is a biofilm produced by bacteria on the surface of hard tooth tissues. Dental plaque contributes to the development of periodontitis and tooth decay. The article contains an overview of the most popular essential oils and analysis of the results of the long-term studies on the effectiveness of mouthwashes containing essential oils. Aim of the article: Determination of the range of use the essential oils in various fields of dentistry and determination the actual effectiveness of essential oils in reducing plaque based on available researches

Oral Health of Patients Treated with Acrylic Partial Dentures Using a Toothpaste Containing Bee Product

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of a propolis and tee tree oil-containing hygienic agent on selected oral health parameters, oral microflora, and the condition of periodontal health. Thirty-seven patients who underwent oral rehabilitation with a removable acrylic denture were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: study group (A) which received a newly formulated propolis and tee tree oil-containing toothpaste or a control group (C) without an active ingredient. API, S-OHI, and mSBI were assessed in three subsequent stages. During each examination swabs were employed for microbiological inoculation: in the study group after 4 weeks use of the active toothpaste showed a decrease in the number of isolated microorganisms. In the control group, after 4 weeks use of the toothpaste without active ingredients resulted in increase in the number of the isolated microorganisms. Improvements in hygiene and the condition of periodontium were observed in patients using active toothpastes. In the study group the oral flora diversity was reduced by the decrease in the number of cultured microorganism species, while in the control group an increase in the number of cultured microorganisms and their species was observed

Dental Care Provision during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: The Importance of Continuous Support for Vulnerable Patients

As a result of the ongoing 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the medical and dental services across the world have to tackle unprecedented situations, providing essential care and professional support. The global health care crisis caused directly by the vast number of severe COVID-19 cases, and indirectly by reduced access to health care, as well as by limited secondary care provision, had a major impact on specialist services, and subsequently the deterioration of medical and dental conditions, particularly in vulnerable persons. In particular, at present, special care dentistry seems to play a unique role, dealing with a wide range of patients with underlying medical conditions and co-morbidities, phobic individuals, and persons with learning/physical disabilities. The effective adaptation of health services to the current new reality, based on an empathetic approach and recent guidelines, would allow us to maintain an adequate care provision, minimizing the long-term impact of the pandemic