30,763 research outputs found
Charge transport in two dimensional electron gas/superconductor junctions with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
We have studied the tunneling conductance in two dimensional electron gas /
insulator / superconductor junctions in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit
coupling (RSOC). It is found that for low insulating barrier the tunneling
conductance is suppressed by the RSOC while for high insulating barrier it is
almost independent of the RSOC. We also find the reentrant behavior of the
conductance at zero voltage as a function of RSOC for intermediate insulating
barrier strength. The results are essentially different from those predicted in
ferromagnet / superconductor junctions. The present derivation of the
conductance is applicable to arbitrary velocity operator with off-diagonal
components.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Carbon stars in the IRTS survey
We have identified 139 cool carbon stars in the near-infrared
spectro-photometric survey of the InfraRed Telescope in Space (IRTS) from the
conspicuous presence of molecular absorption bands at 1.8, 3.1 and 3.8 microns.
Among them 14 are new, bright (K ~ 4.0-7.0), carbon stars. We find a trend
relating the 3.1 microns band strength to the K-L' color index, which is known
to correlate with mass-loss rate. This could be an effect of a relation between
the depth of the 3.1 microns feature and the degree of development of the
extended stellar atmosphere where dust starts to form.Comment: accepted by the PASP; December 7, 200
Abrikosov flux-lines in two-band superconductors with mixed dimensionality
We study vortex structure in a two-band superconductor, in which one band is
ballistic and quasi-two-dimensional (2D), and the other is diffusive and
three-dimensional (3D). A circular cell approximation of the vortex lattice
within the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity is applied to a recently
developed model appropriate for such a two-band system [Tanaka et al 2006 Phys.
Rev. B 73, 220501(R); Tanaka et al 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75, 214512]. We assume
that superconductivity in the 3D diffusive band is "weak", i.e., mostly
induced, as is the case in MgB. Hybridization with the "weak" 3D diffusive
band has significant and intriguing influence on the electronic structure of
the "strong" 2D ballistic band. In particular, the Coulomb repulsion and the
diffusivity in the "weak" band enhance suppression of the order parameter and
enlargement of the vortex core by magnetic field in the "strong" band,
resulting in reduced critical temperature and field. Moreover, increased
diffusivity in the "weak" band can result in an upward curvature of the upper
critical field near the transition temperature. A particularly interesting
feature found in our model is the appearance of additional bound states at the
gap edge in the "strong" ballistic band, which are absent in the single-band
case. Furthermore, coupling with the "weak" diffusive band leads to reduced
band gaps and van Hove singularities of energy bands of the vortex lattice in
the "strong" ballistic band. We find these intriguing features for parameter
values appropriate for MgB.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figure
Giant Intrinsic Spin and Orbital Hall Effects in Sr2MO4 (M=Ru,Rh,Mo)
We investigate the intrinsic spin Hall conductivity (SHC) and the d-orbital
Hall conductivity (OHC) in metallic d-electron systems, by focusing on the
t_{2g}-orbital tight-binding model for Sr2MO4 (M=Ru,Rh,Mo). The conductivities
obtained are one or two orders of magnitude larger than predicted values for
p-type semiconductors with 5% hole doping. The origin of these giant Hall
effects is the ``effective Aharonov-Bohm phase'' that is induced by the
d-atomic angular momentum in connection with the spin-orbit interaction and the
inter-orbital hopping integrals. The huge SHC and OHC generated by this
mechanism are expected to be ubiquitous in multiorbital transition metal
complexes, which pens the possibility of realizing spintronics as well as
orbitronics devices.Comment: 5 pages, accepted for publication in PR
The effect of interchain interaction on the pairing symmetry competition in organic superconductors (TMTSF)X
We investigate the effect of interchain repulsive interaction on the pairing
symmetry competition in quasi-one-dimensional organic superconductors
(TMTSF)X by applying random phase approximation and quantum Monte Carlo
calculation to an extended Hubbard model. We find that interchain repulsive
interaction enhances the charge fluctuations, thereby making the
possibility of spin-triplet -wave pairing dominating over spin-singlet
d-wave pairing realistic.Comment: 4 page
Fractional ac Josephson effect in unconventional superconductors
For certain orientations of Josephson junctions between two p_x-wave or two
d-wave superconductors, the subgap Andreev bound states produce a 4pi-periodic
relation between the Josephson current I and the phase difference phi: I ~
sin(phi/2). Consequently, the ac Josephson current has the fractional frequency
eV/h, where V is the dc voltage. In the tunneling limit, the Josephson current
is proportional to the first power (not square) of the electron tunneling
amplitude. Thus, the Josephson current between unconventional superconductors
is carried by single electrons, rather than by Cooper pairs. The fractional ac
Josephson effect can be observed experimentally by measuring frequency spectrum
of microwave radiation from the junction.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, RevTEX 4; v2. - minor typos corrected in proof
Semi-relativistic approximation to gravitational radiation from encounters with nonspinning black holes
The capture of compact bodies by black holes in galactic nuclei is an
important prospective source for low frequency gravitational wave detectors,
such as the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. This paper calculates,
using a semirelativistic approximation, the total energy and angular momentum
lost to gravitational radiation by compact bodies on very high eccentricity
orbits passing close to a supermassive, nonspinning black hole; these
quantities determine the characteristics of the orbital evolution necessary to
estimate the capture rate. The semirelativistic approximation improves upon
treatments which use orbits at Newtonian-order and quadrupolar radiation
emission, and matches well onto accurate Teukolsky simulations for low
eccentricity orbits. Formulae are presented for the semirelativistic energy and
angular momentum fluxes as a function of general orbital parameters.Comment: 27 pages, 12 figures; v2: revised manuscript includes small changes
to make paper consistent with published version; v3: a statement about how to
generalise our results to hyperbolic orbits was incorrect, new version
includes published erratum as an appendi
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