Numerical verification of random phase-and-amplitude formalism of weak turbulence

The Random Phase and Amplitude Formalism (RPA) has significantly extended the scope of weak turbulence studies. Because RPA does not assume any proximity to the Gaussianity in the wavenumber space, it can predict, for example, how the fluctuation of the complex amplitude of each wave mode grows through nonlinear interactions with other modes, and how it approaches the Gaussianity. Thus, RPA has a great potential capability, but its validity has been assessed neither numerically nor experimentally. We compare the theoretical predictions given by RPA with the results of direct numerical simulation (DNS) for a three-wave Hamiltonian system, thereby assess the validity of RPA. The predictions of RPA agree quite well with the results of DNS in all the aspects of statistical characteristics of mode amplitudes studied here

High-Speed Asymmetric Motion of Thermally Actuated Cilium

Microorganisms can generate net flows effectively even in a low Reynolds number regime by using asymmetric beating motion of hair-like cilia. Here, we demonstrate a high-speed novel artificial cilium driven by the heat engine using a self-propelled swing motion in a nucleate- to film-boiling regime. In particular, we report the asymmetrical motion of the thermal cilium with an asymmetric joint structure. We believe that our thermal cilium opens a new way to develop a microfluidic circuit.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN.89(11):114402(2020)journal articl

The S. pombe mitotic regulator Cut12 promotes spindle pole body activation and integration into the nuclear envelope

The fission yeast spindle pole body (SPB) comprises a cytoplasmic structure that is separated from an ill-defined nuclear component by the nuclear envelope. Upon mitotic commitment, the nuclear envelope separating these domains disperses as the two SPBs integrate into a hole that forms in the nuclear envelope. The SPB component Cut12 is linked to cell cycle control, as dominant cut12.s11 mutations suppress the mitotic commitment defect of cdc25.22 cells and elevated Cdc25 levels suppress the monopolar spindle phenotype of cut12.1 loss of function mutations. We show that the cut12.1 monopolar phenotype arises from a failure to activate and integrate the new SPB into the nuclear envelope. The activation of the old SPB was frequently delayed, and its integration into the nuclear envelope was defective, resulting in leakage of the nucleoplasm into the cytoplasm through large gaps in the nuclear envelope. We propose that these activation/integration defects arise from a local deficiency in mitosis-promoting factor activation at the new SPB

Interdisciplinary therapy for severe periodontitis with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion : A case report with 7-year follow-up

Background: Previous studies have suggested that occlusal discrepancy is a risk factor contributing to periodontal disease. 1-3 Occlusal discrepancy could increase the risk of infrabony defects. This is a case of a patient with severe periodontitis who exhibited many infrabony defects in the molar region due to malocclusion-induced trauma. Here, we report the 7-year prognosis of the patient after periodontal regenerative and comprehensive orthodontic therapies for functional recovery with implant prosthodontics. Case Description: A 54-year-old female presented with the chief complaint of masticatory disturbance. In the molar region, significant tooth mobility, deep periodontal pockets, and infrabony defects were observed. She had excessive overjet, resulting in collapse of anterior guidance. Malocclusion was considered to be an exacerbating factor of the infrabony defects. After initial periodontal therapy, we performed periodontal regenerative therapy in the mandibular molar regions. We carefully placed implants in a position in the maxillary molar region that would ensure an appropriate anterior dental relationship after orthodontic treatment. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment was subsequently performed using implants as anchoring units. Then, definitive surgery was performed on the mandibular molars before placing the final prosthesis. A favorable periodontal condition and a stable occlusion have been maintained for the 7-year post-treatment period. Practical Implications: Comprehensive and interdisciplinary treatment enables stable occlusion and establishment of periodontal tissue and peri-implant tissues with high cleansability, even in patients with severe periodontitis and malocclusion. In the present case, a favorable long-term treatment outcome can be expected

Glenohumeral joint motion after subscapularis tendon repair: an analysis of cadaver shoulder models

BACKGROUND: As for the surgical treatment of the rotator cuff tears, the subscapularis tendon tears have recently received much attention for the mini-open or arthroscopic repair. The results of surgical repair for the subscapularis tendon tear are satisfactory, but the range of external rotation is reported to be restricted after the repair. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the range of glenohumeral joint motion after repairs of various sizes of subscapularis tendon tears. METHODS: Using eight fresh frozen human cadaveric shoulders (mean age at death, 81.5 years), three sizes of subscapularis tendon tear (small, medium, and large) were made and then repaired. With the scapula fixed to the wooden jig, the end-range of glenohumeral motion was measured with passive movement applied through 1.0-Nm torque in the directions of scapular elevation, flexion, abduction, extension, horizontal abduction, and horizontal adduction. The passive end-ranges of external and internal rotation in various positions with rotational torque of 1.0 Nm were also measured. Differences in the ranges among the three type tears were analyzed. RESULTS: As tear size increased, range of glenohumeral motion in horizontal abduction after repair decreased gradually and was significantly decreased with the large size tear (P < 0.01). The end-range of external rotation decreased progressively with increasing tear size in every glenohumeral position. The prominent decrease in external rotation (around 40° reduction from intact shoulders) was observed in shoulders after repair of large size tear at 30° to 60° of scapular elevation and abduction. CONCLUSIONS: As the size of the subscapularis tendon tear increased, the passive ranges of horizontal abduction and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint after repair decreased significantly. In shoulders with a subscapularis tendon tear, it is necessary to consider the reduction of external rotation depending on tear size

スポーツ プログラム サンカシャ ノ アドヒアランス ニ カンスル ケンキュウ : ケイカクテキ コウドウ リロン Theory of planned behavior ノ テキヨウ

The purpose of this study is to apply the theory of planned behavior to clarify adherence of sports program participants who were altendants of 6-month program in community-based sports facility. A questionnaire survey was conducted with a total of 1，960 participants of 6-month sports program. The respondents consist of 1，578 adherers and 382 non-adherers and 1，115 usable questionnaires were obtained，resulting is a response rate of 56.9 percent. In order to consider effects of the period of duration，th e samples who first participated in this program were analyzed. As a result，108 participants were continuously next 6-month program participants (adherers) and 74 participants were not continuously them (non-adherers). Multiple regression analysis were utilized to assess the relationships behavior (continuous participation) intention and three factors that are attitude toward behavior，subjective norm (percieved social support)，and percieved behavioral control. The major findings are summarized follows:(1)The theory of planned behavior is applicables to examine adherence of sports program participants. (2) Multiple regression analysis revealed significant relationships between behavior (continuous program participation) intention and attitude toward behavior (β=.193，P less than .01) and percieved behavioral control (β=-.269，p less than .01)，but subjective norm was not significant(R=.394，P less than .01). (3) Continuity-withdrawal behavior (next 6-month program) related to percieved behavioral control (γ=-.249，p less than.01) as well as behavioral intention (γ=.534， p less than .01). Discussion focused on implications for progarm management and methodological issues concerning the theory of planned behavior as applied to adherence research

Comprehensive treatment for severe periodontitis with pathologic tooth migration−related bimaxillary protrusion : A case report with 3-year follow-up

Background: Patients with severe periodontitis often experience pathologic tooth migration (PTM), which impairs esthetics and leads to occlusal disharmony (e.g., premature contacts and/or traumatic occlusion) that can further exacerbate periodontitis. Here, we describe a patient who exhibited severe periodontitis with PTM-related bimaxillary protrusion. This report includes 3-year clinical outcomes following periodontal regenerative therapy, implant-anchored orthodontic therapy, and implant prosthodontics intended to achieve both functional and esthetic improvements. Case Description: A 63-year-old woman presented with the chief complaint of upper anterior tooth mobility. Clinical examination revealed excessive tooth mobility, deep periodontal pockets, and infrabony defects in all teeth. All teeth exhibited PTM; the mandibular anterior teeth exhibited marked protrusion caused by the progression of periodontitis. After initial periodontal therapy, periodontal regenerative therapy was performed in all molar regions. At 9 and 6 months postoperatively, comprehensive orthodontic treatment was initiated for the mandible and maxilla, respectively, using orthodontic anchorage devices to achieve acceptable functional occlusion. After orthodontic treatment, staged guided bone regeneration was performed and dental implants were placed in the severely resorbed maxillary anterior ridge. This comprehensive treatment yielded favorable periodontal conditions, stable occlusion, and good esthetic outcomes. Practical Implications: Favorable esthetics, stable occlusion, and highly cleansable periodontal tissues were achieved with well-planned interdisciplinary and comprehensive treatment, although the patient had severe periodontitis and PTM-related bimaxillary protrusion

Highly Stable Polymer Coating on Silver Nanoparticles for Efficient Plasmonic Enhancement of Fluorescence

Surface coating of plasmonic nanoparticles is of huge importance to suppress fluorescence quenching in plasmon-enhanced fluorescence sensing. Herein, a one-pot method for synthesizing polymer-coated silver nanoparticles was developed using a functional polymer conjugated with disulfide-containing anchoring groups. The disulfides played a crucial role in covalently bonding polymers to the surface of the silver nanoparticles. The covalent bond enabled the polymer layer to form a long-term stable coating on the silver nanoparticles. The polymer layer coated was adequately thin to efficiently achieve plasmonic enhancement of fluorescence and also thick enough to effectively suppress quenching of fluorescence, achieving a huge net enhancement of fluorescence. The polymer-coated plasmonic nanoparticles are a promising platform for demonstrating highly sensitive biosensing for medical diagnostics