Insect-flower relationship in the primary beech forest of Ashu, Kyoto: an overview of the flowering phenology and the seasonal pattern of insect visits

In 1984-1987 insect visitors to flowers were monthly or bimonthly surveyed on 91 plant species or 37 families in the primary beech forest of Ashu, Kyoto, Japan. Flowering season was 186 days from late April to early October. The number of plant species that concurrently bloomed was four to 11 species from May to mid August and it increased up to 19 in late August. The mean flowering period of a single plant species was 16 days. From April to August flowering periods were staggered among congeneric plant species, e. g., Rubus, Hydrangea and Rhus. A total of 2459 individuals of 715 species in 11 orders of Insecta and two orders of Arachnoidea were collected. The most abundant order was Hymenoptera (39 % of individuals) and followed by Diptera (35 %) and Coleoptera (17 %). The number of species was highest in Diptera (41 %) and followed by Hymenoptera (26 %) and Coleoptera (19 %). The numbers of both species and individuals peaked in May and then gradually decreased in summer and autumn. There were six families, 13 genera and 66 species in Apoidea. Andrenidae and Halictidae were rich in the number of species. They were abundant in June and July but greatly decreased afterward. Apidae were abundant throughout the flowering season. Cluster analysis separated 37 plant families into four groups: 16 families were mainly visited by Hymenoptera, four by Diptera, and two by Coleoptera. The other 15 families were visited by various insect groups. Flowers mainly visited by bees were further separated into Bombinae-, Xylocopinae-, Apinae-, Andrenidae-dominated plant families. Flower preference was compared amohg insect orders and among families. The most preferred plant family was Saxifragaceae in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, and it was Umbelliferae in Hemiptera and Diptera. Cerambycidae, Halictidae and Andrenidae preferred Saxifragaceae. Syrphidae and Colletidae preferred Umbelliferae, Xylocopinae and Nomadinae preferred Violaceae, Bombinae preferred Compositae and Apinae preferred Labiatae.ArticleContributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University. 27(4): 309-375(1990)departmental bulletin pape

Reports of Studies supported by Grant-in-Aid for Research from the Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University

基盤研究サポート　Grant-in-Aid for Fundamental Research ・流域圏スケールでの水質および水量の管理に関する国際比較研究…山本民次 ・育成前期乳用牛の夏季暑熱への順応に関する研究…沖田美

Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents of cultured Nori (Porphyra yezoensis)

有明海佐賀県沿岸で採取された紅藻スサビノリを用いて,炭素,窒素,リン含有量を測定した。炭素,窒素,リンの含有量は,それぞれ42.6±2.3μg-at mg DW^4, 8.6±0.8μg-at mg DW^,0.32±0.01μg-at mg DW^ であり,それらの比はC:N:P=132:26:1であった。Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents of cultured Nori (Porphyra yezoensis) that were sampled from Saga sea region of Ariake Bay, were measured. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the frond were 42.6±2.3, 8.6±0.8, 0.32±0.01μg-at mg DW^ respectively, and the ratio was C:N:P=132:26:1原著論

Effects of magnesium oxide-added polyethylene-coated steel wire on the growth of attached marine diatom Nitzschia sp.

カキ養殖筏には多くの生物が付着し，中でもろ過摂食者は餌の摂取という点でカキと競合関係にあるため，カキの成長を阻害する要因の1つである。そこで，この研究では，カキ養殖に使われる針金について，生物付着の少ない素材を開発することを目的とし，従来の亜鉛メッキ鋼線に加え，アイオノマー・レジン（ポリエチレン）被覆鋼線，酸化マグネシウム（HUSR）混合ポリエチレン被膜鋼線（HUS混合率3％および5％）を用い，沿岸域に一般的な付着珪藻種Nitzschia sp.の増殖に対する影響を実験的に測定した。その結果，（1）ポリエチレン自体はNitzschia sp.の増殖を阻害しないが，亜鉛メッキ鋼線およびHUS混合ポリエチレン被覆鋼線はNitzschia sp.の増殖を阻害する，また（2）HUSR混合ポリエチレン被膜鋼線では，HUS混合率が高いほどNitzschia sp.の増殖阻害程度は強い，ということが明らかとなった。Many organisms attached on suspended oyster culture rafts, particularly filter-feeding animals can prevent growth of culturing oyster, because they are competing feeds with oyster in the same niche. In the present study, effects of steel wires coated with various materials on growth of the ubiquitous attached diatom Nitzschia sp. were experimentally examined to develop a better steel wire in terms of less attached organisms. The wire used were a normal zinc-galvanized steel wire, a polyethylene (ionomer resin)-coated steel wire, and magnesium oxide (HUS®)-added (3% and 5%) polyethylene coated steel wires. Following results were obtained, (1) all wires coated with different materials except the ionomer resin itself (as coating material) suppressed the growth of Nitzschia sp., and (2) 5% HUS®-added polyethylene-coated steel wire suppressed the growth of Nitzschia sp. greater than 3% added one did.この研究は，トワロン株式会社による寄付金「HUSによる藻の発生変化の研究」により行われたものである