104 research outputs found
Digital compilation of geological maps from Dronning Maud Land
第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OG] 地圏11月16日(月) 国立極地研究所3階セミナー
East Baltimore: Tradition and Transition. A Documentary Photography Project (Photo Essay)
Poster presentation at the Open Repositories 2019 conference, Hamburg, 10.06.19 - 13.06.19. http://archiv.gwin.gwiss.uni-hamburg.de/or2019/. The number of digital repositories containing publications and datasets on the Arctic region are increasing enormously. Users want relevant information according to their query with minimum interval of time. Scholars are compelled to search the individual repositories to get their desired documents.
Open Arctic Research Index (Open ARI), a planned service at UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, aims to collect and index all the openly available Arctic-related publications and datasets in a single open access metadata index. By providing a simple search dialog box to the index, users can search all these repositories and archives in a single operation.
The project investigates how such a service can support researchers in their research by making results from Arctic research more visible and better retrievable based on a standardized, interdisciplinary metadata set. The project started by clarifying the need for a new technical solution to collect all the published material using algorithms that allow the best way of filtering relevant records. We have defined 115 possible national and international collaborators who can feed the Open ARI with content. The team will analyze the success opportunities and the challenges in order of planning a full-scale management model
Open Polar – a global open access portal to research on the polar regions
Poster presentation at the Svalbard Science Conference 2021, Fornebu, 02.11.21 - 03.11.21, arranged by Research Council of Norway.
https://www.forskningsradet.no/en/svalbard-science-forum/ssf-tools-and-funding-schemes/svalbard-science-conference/. Research activities and research output, in general, have increased, and keep increasing vastly, and so too is research on the polar regions including Svalbard in the Arctic. Major commercial publishers have built subscription-based services which present research literature for a fee. As Open Science and open access to literature and data is gaining momentum, there is a distinct need for powerful discovery tools that can harvest and present research literature and datasets in open access form - free of charge. Moreover, sharing of underlying data in open access form is becoming the new norm. So, to integrate research papers and datasets in the same search, helps speed up the discovery processes as well as fostering the transparency of research, and minimize duplication of fieldwork and experiments. Open Polar (https://openpolar.no/) is developed by UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and is a free to use discovery tool for open access publications and research data specifically targeting research output on the polar regions, across all subject areas, and irrespective of where the research originates. Through a carefully designed algorithm, Open Polar is extracting metadata (including URL to the landing page of the full text) from more than 4600 sources worldwide and making these accessible through a user-friendly search service - including an option to search via geolocations on a map, and with systematic search features. The algorithm used picks up relevant research located in the most remote content providers and sources. Thus, searching in Open Polar will result in records purely of relevance to the polar regions. In this contribution, we will present the many advantageous features of Open Polar, and show how Open Polar is supporting Open Science and research integrity-enhancing procedures, by enabling search and access to research data as well as research papers
Assessing public perception and willingness to pay for renewable energy in Pakistan through the theory of planned behavior
With growing urbanization and increasing world population, energy demand also increases. A significant portion of the world’s energy comes from fossil fuels, and these sources of energy are declining rapidly at the current consumption rate. There are also growing environmental concerns on the use of fossil fuels increasing greenhouse gas emissions. In this regard, renewable energy (RE) shows promising solutions which are both sustainable and environmentally friendly. Developed countries and leading organizations are investing heavily in the RE sector. However, the developing world has anxieties over social acceptability and people’s willingness to pay for renewable energy. This study is conducted in Pakistan to understand the public perception and willingness to pay. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was utilized with background factors such as awareness, perceived advantages, perceived challenges, and moral obligations to examine its influence on people’s willingness to pay. In addition to this, the study also assessed the indirect effects of background factors (awareness, perceived advantages, and perceived challenges) on willingness to pay through public attitude. Furthermore, the indirect relationship between background factors (awareness and moral obligation) and willingness to pay through subjective norms was also examined. A total of 512 samples were gathered from participants and were analyzed through partial least square–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and SPSS. The study findings are very interesting and back up our hypotheses that the background factors (awareness, perceived advantages, and perceived challenges) are positively associated with public attitude and have an indirect effect on willingness to pay through public attitude. Similarly, variables such as awareness and moral obligation are negatively and positively associated with subjective norms, respectively. However, the variables, awareness and moral obligation, have no indirect relationship with willingness to pay through subjective norms. Additionally, the study reveals that the components (attitude and perceived behavior control) of TPB have a significantly positive effect on willingness to pay. The study also concludes that the participants having formal education and knowledge about climate change and renewable energy are inclined toward green energy and are willing to pay, and they are hardly influenced by others' opinions. Furthermore, the study also provides insights for policymakers, suggestions, and recommendations for the future
Multiproxy analyses of paleoenvironmental and paleoceanographic changes during the Danian-Selandian in East Central Sinai: An integrated stable isotope and planktic foraminiferal data
Forty-three planktic foraminifera samples from the Themed section (East Central
Sinai; Egypt) spanning the Zone Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina (Pα) to the
Subzone Acarinina subsphaerica (P4b) have been studied. Data from δ13C, δ18O,
and planktic foraminifera-based species diversity, depth habitat, preference for
warm and cool surface waters, and nutrients (oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and
eutrophic conditions) are used to infer paleoenvironmental changes throughout
the Danian‒Selandian duration. Based on quantitative multivariate analyses
(hierarchical cluster and principal component), three distinct intervals were
recognized, Interval 1 (Pα‒P1b), Interval 2 (P1c‒P3a), and Interval 3 (P3a‒P4b).
Interval 2 is further subdivided into three subintervals, 2a (part P1c), 2b (part P1c),
and 2c (P2‒P3a). Two δ13C events are identified, Dan-C2 and Latest Danian Event
(LDE) and elaborated concerning paleoenvironmental changes. During the earliest
Danian planktic foraminiferal Pα Zone, moderately shallow and eutrophic conditions
prevailed with cool surface waters and a shallow thermocline. Comparable
conditions were still prevailing during P1a‒P1b, but with slightly deeper and
mesotrophic conditions and a somewhat deeper thermocline and reduced
stratification. P1b‒P1c exhibits a major shift from Eoglobigerina to Subbotina‒
Parasubbotina with cooler surface waters and moderate mesotrophic conditions.
For Subzone P1c (upper part), slightly mesotrophic conditions were inferred,
whereas for P2‒P3a (lower part), surface water warming and thermocline
shallowing events have inferred with increased oligotrophic conditions. The
Latest Danian Event (mid-P3a) is marked by a dramatic negative δ13C excursion,
warm waters, increased mesotrophic conditions, and enhanced stratification. The dominance of Morozovella, Acarinina, and Igorina specify warm and oligotrophic
conditions for subzones P3b‒P4b
Source rock geochemical assessment and estimation of TOC using well logs and geochemical data of Talhar Shale, Southern Indus Basin, Pakistan
Assessment of organic carbon content (TOC) by geophysical logs has been a challenging task in the formation evaluation of shale gas. This research is conducted to estimate the unconventional hydrocarbon (shale-gas) potential of Talhar Shale in the Southern Indus Basin (SIB), Pakistan. In this study, total organic carbon content (%) was estimated through well logs by different methods and then correlated with well cuttings/core data to determine the best method for estimation of TOC content especially when well cuttings/core data are not available. The Talhar Shale’s thermal maturity, as well as the organic content, were assessed from geochemical analyses. Talhar Shale of Dangi-01 well has good to very good source potential whereas Chak7A-01 well has fair-good. According to Ven Krevalen cross-plot, Talhar Shale of Dangi-01 well has type III kerogen; it can only produce gas while Chak7A-01 has type II/III kerogen which produces both oil and gas. The TOC was estimated using two methods i.e., Schmoker’s and Hester’s and Multivariate Fitting methods. The estimated TOC is then correlated with well cuttings data and concluded that the Multivariate Fitting method is selected as an optimized method for estimation of TOC because it shows strong correlation values of 0.93 and 0.91 in both wells respectively for Talhar Shale SIB, Pakistan
Geomechanical assessment of the Lower Turonian AR-F limestone Member, Abu Gharadig Field, Egypt: Implications for unconventional resource development
This study evaluates the unconventional reservoir geomechanical characteristics of the Lower Turonian Abu Roash-F (AR-F) carbonates from the Abu Gharadig field, onshore Egypt, which has not been attempted before. The interval dominantly consists of planktic foraminifera and micrite matrix. The AR-F marine carbonate is organic-rich (0.59–3.57 wt% total organic carbon), thermally mature (435–441°C Tmax) and falls within the oil generation window. The studied interval is very tight with up to 2.6% porosity and 0.0016–0.0033 mD permeability with the wireline log-based brittleness index ranging between 0.39–0.72 which indicates a less brittle to brittle nature. AR-F exhibits a hydrostatic pore pressure gradient with minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) varying between 0.66–0.76 PSI/ft. Safe wellbore trajectory analysis was performed for deviated and horizontal wells to infer the mud pressure gradients required to avoid wellbore instabilities. Based on the inferred in-stress magnitudes and considering an NNE regional maximum horizontal stress orientation, none of the fractures are found to be critically stressed at present day. To produce from the AR-F, hydraulic fracturing is necessary, and we infer a minimum pore pressure increment threshold of 1390 PSI by fluid injection to reactivate the vertical fractures parallel to regional minimum horizontal stress azimuth
Contribution of Gravity Data for Structural Characterization of the Ifni Inlier, Western Anti-Atlas, Morocco: Hydrogeological Implications
The Sidi Ifni region in southwest Morocco is mainly composed of crystalline rocks with
limited groundwater storage capacity. These water resources drain in particular fault zones with
high fracture permeability. The main objective of this study is to describe the geological structure
of the region to optimize future drilling locations. The gravity data were processed using various
techniques, such as total horizontal gradient, tilt derivative, and Euler deconvolution, in conjunction
with the interpretation of the geological data, to create a new structural map. This map confirms the
presence of many previously identified or inferred faults and identifies significant new faults with
their respective trends and depths. Analysis of this map shows that major faults are oriented NNESSW and NE-SW, while minor faults are oriented E-W, NW-SE, and NNW-SSE. The superposition
of the hydrogeological data and the structural map reveals that the high groundwater flow values
in the boreholes are located in the vicinity of the major faults and talwegs. The structures deduced
from the filtering and interpretation of the gravity data suggest that the hydrogeological system
of the Ifni Inlier is controlled by its structures. To confirm this impact, a high-resolution electrical
resistivity map (7200 Hz) was used, with penetration depths ranging from 84 to 187 m. Negative
boreholes, located in high resistivity ranges corresponding to sound basement formations without
fault crossings, showed high resistivity values. The positive holes, located in anomalies with low
linear resistivity, revealed the impact of fault crossings, which drain water and tend to decrease the
resistivity values of the formations. Therefore, these new structural maps will assist in planning
future hydrogeological studies in this area
Floods and flood management and its socio-economic impact on Pakistan: A review of the empirical literature
Flood is one of the most damaging natural disasters as the recent floods have
shown their serious impact on Pakistan. Flood control and regulation policies
are essential to reduce the risks of economic downturn, a threat to human
existence, and to sustain the ecology. The severity of flood catastrophe
activities represents a constant and severe issue in the world. Floods are
rising year by year in severity and duration, causing negative impacts on the
social and economic conditions of the nation concerned. While the frequency
of floods cannot be avoided, their adverse impacts can be considerably reduced
by adopting careful planning and efficient training. This paper reviews the
socioeconomic impact of floods, and the existing condition of flood control
policies outlines the flood protection problems and discusses opportunities for
successful and efficient flood control in Pakistan. The paper also intends to
propose several suggestions for efficient and sustainable flood control in
Pakistan
Delineation of Groundwater Potential Area using an AHP, Remote Sensing, and GIS Techniques in the Ifni Basin, Western Anti-Atlas, Morocco
An assessment of potential groundwater areas in the Ifni basin, located in the western AntiAtlas range of Morocco, was conducted based on a multicriteria analytical approach that integrated
a set of geomorphological and hydroclimatic factors influencing the availability of this resource.
This approach involved the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and hierarchical analytical
process (AHP) models. Different factors were classified and weighted according to their contribution
to and impact on groundwater reserves. Their normalized weights were evaluated using a pairwise
comparison matrix. Four classes of potentiality emerged: very high, high, moderate, and low,
occupying 15.22%, 20.17%, 30.96%, and 33.65%, respectively, of the basin’s area. A groundwater
potential map (GWPA) was validated by comparison with data from 134 existing water points using
a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The AUC was calculated at 80%, indicating the good
predictive accuracy of the AHP method. These results will enable water operators to select favorable
sites with a high groundwater potential
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