Die Eigenlogik der lokalen Felder: Kriterien zur „guten“ Bildung der Künste und feldüberschreitende Studierendenmobilität

In diesem Beitrag beschäftigt sich der Autor mit der Frage, welche Rolle die Studierendenmobilität der jungen Künstler und Künstlerinnen bei der Verbreitung der als „authentisch“ erachteten Kunst sowie als „gut“ betrachteten Methode der künstlerischen Ausbildung spielt. Die Diskussion beruht dabei auf der Feldtheorie Bourdieus und den Interviewdaten, die im Rahmen des DFG-geförderten Forschungsprojekt „Asiatische Bildungsmobilität“ erhoben wurden. Da in sozialen Feldern stets Machtkämpfe um die legitime Sicht- und Teilungsprinzipien (z.B. in Bezug auf Kunst) erfolgen, sollten die feldinternen Machtrelationen gründlich erforscht werden, will man den Prozess der feldspezifischen Transkulturation – also der globalen Durchsetzung einer Idee, die in „der Wiege und dem Zentrum der klassischen Musik“ (Honba)  prävalent ist, begreifen. Bei der Datenanalyse stellte sich heraus, dass zwei unterschiedliche Machtgefälle besonders relevant sind: a) die Hierarchie zwischen dem Zentrum und der Semiperipherie und b) Meister(innen)-Schüler(innen)-Beziehung. Die Verbreitung von feldspezifischen Ideen sowie Sicht- und Teilungsprinzipien kann nicht bloß als ein Nachahmungsprozess betrachtet werden

Influence of adding carbon nanotubes on photoelectric conversion properties of dye-doped titania gel

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were incorporated into amorphous dye-doped titania gel by the sol-gel method at room temperature. The working electrodes were prepared by coating the ITO glass with the sol-gel titania precursor containing the dye and MWCNTs. The photoelectric conversion properties of the electrodes were examined by simple spectroscopic and electric measurements. The photocurrent spectrum originated from the absorption of the dye. The short circuit photocurrent was enhanced by adding a small amount of MWCNTs evenly to the amorphous dye-doped titania gel. The open circuit voltage was due to the semiconducting characteristics property of the titania gel. The experimental results indicated the electron transport from the dye excited states to the MWCNTs through the titania gel. The MWCNTs functioned as bridges between the titania and ITO. Steam treatment of the titania gel electrodes significantly increased the photoelectric performance due to crystallization of the titania and enhancement of the dye-titania interaction forming the chelate complex on the titania particle surface.ArticleRESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES. 38(8):1857-1869 (2012)journal articl

Circulatory C-type natriuretic peptide reduces mucopolysaccharidosis-associated craniofacial hypoplasia in vivo

Skeletal alterations in the head and neck region, such as midfacial hypoplasia, foramen magnum stenosis and spinal canal stenosis, are commonly observed in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). However, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), one of the major treatment approaches for MPS, shows limited efficacy for skeletal conditions. In this study, we analysed the craniofacial morphology of mice with MPS type VII, and investigated the underlying mechanisms promoting jaw deformities in these animals. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a potent endochondral ossification promoter, on growth impairment of the craniofacial region in MPS VII mice when administered alone or in combination with ERT. MPS VII mice exhibited midfacial hypoplasia caused by impaired endochondral ossification, and histological analysis revealed increased number of swelling cells in the resting zone of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS), an important growth centre for craniomaxillofacial skeletogenesis. We crossed MPS VII mice with transgenic mice in which CNP was expressed in the liver under the control of the human serum amyloid-P component promoter, resulting in elevated levels of circulatory CNP. The maxillofacial morphological abnormalities associated with MPS VII were ameliorated by CNP expression, and further prevented by a combination of CNP and ERT. Histological analysis showed that ERT decreased the swelling cell number, and CNP treatment increased the width of the proliferative and hypertrophic zones of the SOS. Furthermore, the foramen magnum and spinal stenoses observed in MPS VII mice were significantly alleviated by CNP and ERT combination. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of CNP, which can be used to enhance ERT outcome for MPS VII-associated head and neck abnormalities

RAF1-MEK/ERK pathway-dependent ARL4C expression promotes ameloblastoma cell proliferation and osteoclast formation

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic neoplasm characterized by slow intraosseous growth with progressive jaw resorption. Recent reports have revealed that ameloblastoma harbours an oncogenic BRAFV600E mutation with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation and described cases of ameloblastoma harbouring a BRAFV600E mutation in which patients were successfully treated with a BRAF inhibitor. Therefore, the MAPK pathway may be involved in the development of ameloblastoma; however, the precise mechanism by which it induces ameloblastoma is unclear. The expression of ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-like 4c (ARL4C), induced by a combination of the EGF-MAPK pathway and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling, has been shown to induce epithelial morphogenesis. It was also reported that the overexpression of ARL4C, due to alterations in the EGF/RAS-MAPK pathway and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling, promotes tumourigenesis. However, the roles of ARL4C in ameloblastoma are unknown. We investigated the involvement of ARL4C in the development of ameloblastoma. In immunohistochemical analyses of tissue specimens obtained from 38 ameloblastoma patients, ARL4C was hardly detected in non-tumour regions but tumours frequently showed strong expression of ARL4C, along with the expression of both BRAFV600E and RAF1 (also known as C-RAF). Loss-of-function experiments using inhibitors or siRNAs revealed that ARL4C elevation depended on the RAF1-MEK/ERK pathway in ameloblastoma cells. It was also shown that the RAF1-ARL4C and BRAFV600E-MEK/ERK pathways promoted cell proliferation independently. ARL4C-depleted tumour cells (generated by knockdown or knockout) exhibited decreased proliferation and migration capabilities. Finally, when ameloblastoma cells were co-cultured with mouse bone marrow cells and primary osteoblasts, ameloblastoma cells induced osteoclast formation. ARL4C elevation in ameloblastoma further promoted its formation capabilities through the increased RANKL expression of mouse bone marrow cells and/or primary osteoblasts. These results suggest that the RAF1-MEK/ERK-ARL4C axis, which may function in cooperation with the BRAFV600E-MEK/ERK pathway, promotes ameloblastoma development. (c) 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Integration of aspiring artists: Japanese music students in Germany

Fujii T. Integration of aspiring artists: Japanese music students in Germany. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal. 2020: 0117196820956519.The article examines how students from Japan who attend German music colleges become integrated into Germany's art worlds while also maintaining connections to transnational art worlds. Although Japan is one of the major countries that sends young music talents to Germany, only a few studies have examined this migration. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with Japanese music students in Germany that were conducted as part of the Asian Educational Mobilities Project, the article shows that the reasons for such migration, as well as its effects on music practices, and that future perspectives need a theoretical reorientation toward a transnational perspective. The results indicate that the art practices of aspiring Japanese students depend not only on institutional conditions in Germany but also on students ' transnational networks

Die Eigenlogik der künstlerischen Felder und Mobilitätspraxen von angehenden Künstlern. Eine kritische Studie zur »internationalen Studierendenmobilität«

Fujii T. Die Eigenlogik der künstlerischen Felder und Mobilitätspraxen von angehenden Künstlern. Eine kritische Studie zur »internationalen Studierendenmobilität«. Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld; 2023

Integration in die transnationalen Kunstwelten: Japanische Studierende der schönen Künste

Fujii T. Integration in die transnationalen Kunstwelten: Japanische Studierende der schönen Künste. In: Faist T, ed. Soziologie der Migration. Eine systematische Einführung. De Gruyter; 2020: 353-376