Correction of Anophthalmic Enophthalmos with a Three-Staged Procedure: Two Case Reports

Surgical correction of an anophthalmic enophthalmos secondary to inappropriate repair of the eye socket involves several difficult aesthetic issues associated with long-term use of a poorly fitting prosthetic eye. In this paper, we present two cases of anophthalmic enophthalmos. During the treatment of the first patient, unsatisfactory cosmetic problems including lower eyelid retraction, hypoglobus, and severe upper eyelid ptosis were revealed. Accordingly, a three-staged procedure was performed on the second patient, including autologous augmentation of the eye socket, correction of lower eyelid retraction with a cartilage graft, and a frontalis sling procedure to correct upper eyelid ptosis

Singular Vertices in the Strong Coupling Phase of Four--Dimensional Simplicial Gravity

We study four--dimensional simplicial gravity through numerical simulation with special attention to the existence of singular vertices, in the strong coupling phase, that are shared by abnormally large numbers of four--simplices. The second order phase transition from the strong coupling phase into the weak coupling phase could be understood as the disappearance of the singular vertices. We also change the topology of the universe from the sphere to the torus.Comment: 10 pages, six PostScript figures; figures are also available at http://hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~izubuchi/paper/4dqg

BabyTigers 2001: Osaka Legged Robot Team

We have developed all kinds of motions such as walking, standing-up, and kicking towards Seattle. From a human designer’s point of view, it is easier to write strategies based on the geometric, global position data but seems less attractive. Then, we are attacking learning issues such as action selection [1] [2], observatio

DIFFEOMORPHISM OF AFFINE CONNECTED SPACES WHICH PRESERVED RIEMANNIAN AND RICCI CURVATURE TENSORS

<p>Organ size regulation is dependent on the precise spatial and temporal regulation of cell proliferation and cell expansion. A number of transcription factors have been identified that play a key role in the determination of aerial lateral organ size, but their functional relationship to various chromatin modifiers has not been well understood. To understand how leaf size is regulated, we previously isolated the oligocellula1 (oli1) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana that develops smaller first leaves than the wild type (WT) mainly due to a reduction in the cell number. In this study, we further characterized oli1 leaf phenotypes and identified the OLI1 gene as well as interaction partners of OLI1. Detailed characterizations of leaf development suggested that the cell proliferation rate in oli1 leaf primordia is lower than that in the WT. In addition, oli1 was associated with a slight delay of the progression from the juvenile to adult phases of leaf traits. A classical map-based approach demonstrated that OLI1 is identical to HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES15 (HOS15). HOS15/OLI1 encodes a homolog of human transducin β-like protein1 (TBL1). TBL1 forms a transcriptional repression complex with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) HDAC3 and either nuclear receptor co-repressor (N-CoR) or silencing mediator for retinoic acid and thyroid receptor (SMRT). We found that mutations in HISTONE DEACETYLASE9 (HDA9) and a switching-defective protein 3, adaptor 2, N-CoR, and transcription factor IIIB-domain protein gene, POWERDRESS (PWR), showed a small-leaf phenotype similar to oli1. In addition, hda9 and pwr did not further enhance the oli1 small-leaf phenotype, suggesting that these three genes act in the same pathway. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested physical interactions, wherein PWR probably bridges HOS15/OLI1 and HDA9. Earlier studies suggested the roles of HOS15, HDA9, and PWR in transcriptional repression. Consistently, transcriptome analyses showed several genes commonly upregulated in the three mutants. From these findings, we propose a possibility that HOS15/OLI1, PWR, and HDA9 form an evolutionary conserved transcription repression complex that plays a positive role in the regulation of final leaf size.</p

Multicanonical simulation of 3D dynamical triangulation model and a new phase structure

We apply the multicanonical technique to the three dimensional dynamical triangulation model, which is known to exhibit a first order phase transition with the Einstein-Hilbert action. We first clarify the first order nature of the phase transition with the Einstein-Hilbert action in several ways including a high precision finite size scaling analysis. We then add a new local term to the action and confirm the conjecture made through the MCRG technique that the line of the first order phase transition extends to the expanded phase diagram, ending at a point. Fractal dimension at the end point is measured to be around three up to the present size.Comment: 20 pages, latex2e(graphic package), 9 figure