Development of a pedestrian navigation system that presents the optimum route information for mobility constraint people.

We developed a pedestrian navigation system that presents the optimum route information according to the degree of disablement for handicapped or aged people. The system displays information for town walking with ptimum route on the Google Map or by the direction indication on the AR camera window. Based on the system, we developed a mobile application system, named the\u27SAKAI old town map\u27, for sightseeing and walking around the historical area in Sakai·shi, Osaka. As an evaluation experiment, subjects with wheelchairs moved around the area using the system and we analyzed their behavior and introspection. The results showed that our pedestrian navigation system would be effective to support the daily life of move constraint people.平成26年度関西大学研究拠点形成支援経費：研究課題「利用者別最適経路を選択可能なナビゲ ーションシステムの研究開発と実装地域における社会的変化の研究

Pathway to psychiatric care in Japan: A multicenter observational study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study examines pathways to psychiatric care in Japan using the same method as the collaborative study carried out in 1991 under the auspices of the World Health Organization.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Thirteen psychiatric facilities in Japan were involved. Of the 228 patients who contacted psychiatric facilities with any psychiatric illness, eighty four visiting psychiatric facilities for the first time were enrolled. Pathways to psychiatric care, delays from the onset of illness to treatment prior to reaching psychiatrists were surveyed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty three patients (39.4%) directly accessed mental health professionals, 32 patients (38.1%) reached them via general hospital, and 13 patients (15.5%) via private practitioners. The patients who consulted mental health professionals as their first carers took a longer time before consulting psychiatrists than the patients who consulted non-mental health professionals as their first carers. The patients who presented somatic symptoms as their main problem experienced longer delay from the onset of illness to psychiatric care than the patients who complained about depressive or anxiety symptoms. Prior to the visit to mental health professionals, patients were rarely informed about their diagnosis and did not receive appropriate treatments from their physicians. Private practitioners were more likely to prescribe psychotropics than physicians in general hospitals, but were less likely to inform their patients of their diagnosis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This first pathway to psychiatric care study in Japan demonstrated that referral pathway in Japan heavily relies on medical resources. The study indicates possible fields and gives indications, underlining the importance of improving skills and knowledge that will facilitate the recognition of psychiatric disorders presenting with somatic and depressive symptoms in the general health care system and by private practitioners.</p

Application and Visualization of the Many-objective Nonlinear Knapsack problem

非線形ナップザック問題（分離形非線形離散最適化問題）は，よく知られたナップザック問題をその特殊な場合として含み応用範囲が広いにも関わらず，研究者は非常に少ない．本稿では，非線形ナップザック問題の研究の歴史を概観し，その拡張形である多目的非線形ナップザック問題（目的関数が4 個以上の多数目的の場合を含む）の厳密解法を説明し，多目的非形ナップザック問題の実用化についても考察する．また，多目的最適化の場合，複数の評価基準を取り扱うことが必要であり多目的最適化問題を解いて得られたパレート解集合の個々の解は互いに一長一短の特性をもつ．このパレート解の集合から意思決定者にとって最も良い解を選択するために役立つ可視化の技術について提案する．Nonlinear knapsack problems, which are also called “separate nonlinear discrete optimization problems,” include the（0‒1）knapsack problem, which is well known as a special case. Of course the application range of the nonlinear knapsack problem is wide, but the number of researchers is very few. In this paper, we describe a general view of the history of the research on the nonlinear knapsack problem. We explain the exact method for solving multi-objective nonlinear knapsack problems, which is an extension of the nonlinear knapsack problem and includes four or more objective functions. Practical usages of the multi-objective nonlinear knapsack problem are considered. Furthermore, we handle two or more criteria of multi-objective optimization problems when we solve the multi-objective optimization problem. Each of the obtained Pareto solutions, which have characteristic merits and demerits, is evaluated by using multiple criteria. We propose a visualization technology, which a decision-maker uses in choosing the best compromised solution out of these Pareto solutions

SORL1 Is Genetically Associated with Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease in Japanese, Koreans and Caucasians

To discover susceptibility genes of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), we conducted a 3-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) using three populations: Japanese from the Japanese Genetic Consortium for Alzheimer Disease (JGSCAD), Koreans, and Caucasians from the Alzheimer Disease Genetic Consortium (ADGC). In Stage 1, we evaluated data for 5,877,918 genotyped and imputed SNPs in Japanese cases (n = 1,008) and controls (n = 1,016). Genome-wide significance was observed with 12 SNPs in the APOE region. Seven SNPs from other distinct regions with p-values ,261025 were genotyped in a second Japanese sample (885 cases, 985 controls), and evidence of association was confirmed for one SORL1 SNP (rs3781834, P=7.3361027 in the combined sample). Subsequent analysis combining results for several SORL1 SNPs in the Japanese, Korean (339 cases, 1,129 controls) and Caucasians (11,840 AD cases, 10,931 controls) revealed genome wide significance with rs11218343 (P=1.7761029) and rs3781834 (P=1.0461028). SNPs in previously established AD loci in Caucasians showed strong evidence of association in Japanese including rs3851179 near PICALM (P=1.7161025) and rs744373 near BIN1 (P = 1.3961024). The associated allele for each of these SNPs was the same as in Caucasians. These data demonstrate for the first time genome-wide significance of LOAD with SORL1 and confirm the role of other known loci for LOAD in Japanese. Our study highlights the importance of examining associations in multiple ethnic populations

ラット ザイモサン ユウハツセイ カンセツエン ニ オケル Lectin-like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor 1 ノ ハッケッキュウ シンジュン オヨビ カンセツ ナンコツ ハカイ ニ タイシテ ノ サヨウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第10373号医博第2632号新制||医||839(附属図書館)UT51-2003-L14京都大学大学院医学研究科外科系専攻(主査)教授 三森 経世, 教授 戸口田 淳也, 教授 中村 孝志学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

Cross fostering experiments suggest that mice songs are innate.

BACKGROUND: Vocal learning is a central functional constituent of human speech, and recent studies showing that adult male mice emit ultrasonic sound sequences characterized as "songs" have suggested that the ultrasonic courtship sounds of mice provide a mammalian model of vocal learning. OBJECTIVES: We tested whether mouse songs are learned, by examining the relative role of rearing environment in a cross-fostering experiment. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We found that C57BL/6 and BALB/c males emit a clearly different pattern of songs with different frequency and syllable compositions; C57BL/6 males showed a higher peak frequency of syllables, shorter intervals between syllables, and more upward frequency modulations with jumps, whereas BALB/c males produced more "chevron" and "harmonics" syllables. To establish the degree of environmental influences in mouse song development, sons of these two strains were cross-fostered to another strain of parents. Songs were recorded when these cross-fostered pups were fully developed and their songs were compared with those of male mice reared by the genetic parents. The cross-fostered animals sang songs with acoustic characteristics--including syllable interval, peak frequency, and modulation patterns--similar to those of their genetic parents. In addition their song elements retained sequential characteristics similar to those of their genetic parents' songs. CONCLUSION: These results do not support the hypothesis that mouse "song" is learned; we found no evidence for vocal learning of any sort under the conditions of this experiment. Our observation that the strain-specific character of the song profile persisted even after changing the developmental auditory environment suggests that the structure of these courtship sound sequences is under strong genetic control. Thus, the usefulness of mouse "song" as a model of mammalian vocal learning is limited, but mouse song has the potential to be an indispensable model to study genetic mechanisms for vocal patterning and behavioral sequences

Bereitschaftspotential augmentation by neuro-feedback training in Parkinson's disease

[Objective]Decreased early Bereitschaftspotential (BP) is one of the electrophysiological characteristics in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We examined whether PD patients could increase BP amplitude by means of neuro-feedback (NFB) training for their slow cortical potentials (SCPs). [Methods]We worked with 10 PD patients and 11 age-matched controls. BP was measured for self-paced button pressing by their right thumb. The subjects were instructed to make the introspective efforts to produce negative SCPs (negativation). The one-day session consisted of three trials, that is, the first BP, NFB training and the second BP, and each patient performed this routine for 2–4 days. Amplitudes of the first and second BPs were compared between the two groups that were divided depending on NFB performance. [Results]Good NFB performance had the tendency of larger early BP in the second BP recording than in the first one, whereas in the poor NFB performance the early BP was smaller in the second BP recording than in the first one in both patient and normal groups (p < 0.001). [Conclusions] Good NFB performance of negativation could increase excitatory field potentials of pyramidal cells for the generation of early BP. [Significance]Voluntary regulation of SCPs could enhance BP in PD patients and in aged controls

A case of fibromuscular dysplasia with large cerebral aneurysm at the bifurcation of the vertebral artery to cerebellar artery associated with renal hypertensin

A 27-year-old man was admitted with symptoms of hypertension and headache. His soft palate and uvula were deviated to the right. The left side of his tongue was atrophic with fasciculation. Plasma renin activity, plasma angiotensin-I and aldosteron levels were elevated. Renal arteriography revealed membranous-stenosis with poststenotic dilation at the mid and peripheral portion of the renal artery, which was consistent with the findings of fibromus-cular dysplasia (FMD). Large aneurysm at the bifucation of the vertebral artery to postero-inferior cerebellar artery was observed by cerebral arteriography. The patient was treated with medication for renal hypertension. Percutaneous embolization of the aneurysm was performed. In conclusion, the present case had a giant cerebral aneurysm, located at a rare portion and was diagnosed before its rupture. Examination of the cerebral artery was essential in renal FMD