The Influence of Cyclophosphamide on Accumulation of Peritoneal Exudate Cells Responding to PPD in BCG- sensitized Guinea Pigs

In BCG-sensitized guinea pigs, the influence of pretreatment with cyclophosphamide (CY) (300 mg/kg) 3 days before sensitization on peritoneal exudate cell accumulation in the PPD-induced delayed type hypersensitivity reaction was analyzed by using the sponge implant method. The number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) accumulating in the intraperitoneally implanted sponges containing 50 μg of PPD was increased more than that in the untreated group 24-48 hours after challenged implantation when CY pretreated. The accumulation of mononuclear cells, however, was decreased. The enhanced effect of CY pretreatment on the immune response to PPD in tuberculin type of delayed type hypersensitivity through the selective inhibition of suppressor cells may be evaluated in terms of the increase in PMN accumulating at the reaction site

Electron emission from conduction band of diamond with negative electron affinity

Experimental evidence explaining the extremely low-threshold electron emission from diamond reported in 1996 has been obtained for the first time. Direct observation using combined ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy/field emission spectroscopy (UPS/FES) proved that the origin of field-induced electron emission from heavily nitrogen (N)-doped chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond was at conduction band minimum (CBM) utilising negative electron affinity (NEA). The significance of the result is that not only does it prove the utilisation of NEA as the dominant factor for the extremely low-threshold electron emission from heavily N-doped CVD diamond, but also strongly implies that such low-threshold emission is possible from other types of diamond, and even other materials having NEA surface. The low-threshold voltage, along with the stable intensity and remarkably narrow energy width, suggests that this type of electron emission can be applied to develop a next generation vacuum nano-electronic devices with long lifetime and high energy resolution.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. B in pres

Successful management of tracheo-innominate artery fistula with endovascular stent graft repair

AbstractTracheo-innominate artery fistula is a highly lethal complication after tracheostomy. A 37-year-old man who had undergone a tracheostomy 14 years earlier because of dysphagia after brain surgery had a tracheo-innominate artery fistula with exsanguinating hemorrhage from his tracheostomy site. After temporary control of the bleeding, a stent graft was implanted in the innominate artery through the brachial artery. The patient recovered uneventfully and remained well 14 months after the procedure, with no sign of infection. Endovascular stent grafting may be the treatment of choice for patients with tracheo-innominate artery fistula. (J Vasc Surg 2001;33:1280-2.

SNP- and haplotype-based genome-wide association studies for growth, carcass, and meat quality traits in a Duroc multigenerational population

Average linkage disequilibrium coefficient (r2) values plotted against intermarker distance for all autosomal chromosomes. (PDF 407 kb