Synthesis of a Novel D-Glucose-Conjugated 15-Crown-5 Ether with a Spiro Ketal Structure

Abstract: This paper describes a synthetic approach to a novel D-glucose-conjugated 15-crown-5 ether having a spiroketal structure starting from a 1-C-vinylated glucose derivative. The approach consists of the glycosylation of the vinylated glucose derivative to give an ethyleneoxy spacer derivative using bismuth(III) triflate, the conversion of the 1-C-vinyl group of the glucoside produced into a carboxylic acid group, and the intramolecular condensation between the carboxyl group and the terminal hydroxyl group in the ethyleneoxy spacer. A D-glucose-conjugated 15-crown-5 ether having a unique spiroketal structure was thus successfully synthesized

Strange filamentary structures ("fireballs") around a merger galaxy in the Coma cluster of galaxies

We found an unusual complex of narrow blue filaments, bright blue knots, and H-alpha emitting filaments and clouds, which morphologically resembled a complex of ``fireballs,'' extending up to 80 kpc south from an E+A galaxy RB199 in the Coma cluster. The galaxy has a highly disturbed morphology indicative of a galaxy--galaxy merger remnant. The narrow blue filaments extend in straight shapes toward the south from the galaxy, and several bright blue knots are located at the southern ends of the filaments. The Rc band absolute magnitudes, half light radii and estimated masses of the bright knots are -12 - -13 mag, 200 - 300 pc and 10^6-7 Msolar, respectively. Long, narrow H-alpha emitting filaments are connected at the south edge of the knots. The average color of the fireballs is B - Rc = 0.5, which is bluer than RB199 (B - R = 0.99), suggesting that most of the stars in the fireballs were formed within several times 10^8 yr. The narrow blue filaments exhibit almost no H-alpha emission. Strong H-alpha and UV emission appear in the bright knots. These characteristics indicate that star formation recently ceased in the blue filaments and now continues in the bright knots. The gas stripped by some mechanism from the disk of RB199 may be traveling in the intergalactic space, forming stars left along its trajectory. The most plausible fireball formation mechanism is ram pressure stripping by high-speed collision between the galaxy and the hot intra-cluster medium. The fireballs may be a snapshot of diffuse intra-cluster population formation, or halo star population formation in a cluster galaxy.Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Ap

Magnetized Fast Isochoric Laser Heating for Efficient Creation of Ultra-High-Energy-Density States

The quest for the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) ignition is a grand challenge, as exemplified by extraordinary large laser facilities. Fast isochoric heating of a pre-compressed plasma core with a high-intensity short-pulse laser is an attractive and alternative approach to create ultra-high-energy-density states like those found in ICF ignition sparks. This avoids the ignition quench caused by the hot spark mixing with the surrounding cold fuel, which is the crucial problem of the currently pursued ignition scheme. High-intensity lasers efficiently produce relativistic electron beams (REB). A part of the REB kinetic energy is deposited in the core, and then the heated region becomes the hot spark to trigger the ignition. However, only a small portion of the REB collides with the core because of its large divergence. Here we have demonstrated enhanced laser-to-core energy coupling with the magnetized fast isochoric heating. The method employs a kilo-tesla-level magnetic field that is applied to the transport region from the REB generation point to the core which results in guiding the REB along the magnetic field lines to the core. 7.7 $\pm$ 1.3 % of the maximum coupling was achieved even with a relatively small radial area density core ($\rho R$ $\sim$ 0.1 g/cm$^2$). The guided REB transport was clearly visualized in a pre-compressed core by using Cu-$K_\alpha$ imaging technique. A simplified model coupled with the comprehensive diagnostics yields 6.2\% of the coupling that agrees fairly with the measured coupling. This model also reveals that an ignition-scale areal density core ($\rho R$ $\sim$ 0.4 g/cm$^2$) leads to much higher laser-to-core coupling ($>$ 15%), this is much higher than that achieved by the current scheme

ノウソッチュウ カンジャ ノ コウクウナイ ショケン ト シカ カイニュウ ノ ユウヨウセイ ニツイテ

We analyzed the need for dental intervention in patients with acute cerebral vascular disorders. In this study, we enrolled 43 individuals in SCU (male: 28, female: 15) in need of oral health management. The mean age of the patients was 68.0 ± 14.9. They had been diagnosed as cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or transient ischemic attack. Thirteen subjects were affected with pneumonia and could not handle self-care management. Furthermore, 10 subjects had poor oral hygiene. There were clearly more pneumonia patients in the intubation group compared to the non-intubation group. In addition, 18 cases (41.9%) needed dental treatment, and 5 cases received dental treatment. Patients with acute stroke had poor oral hygiene with disturbance of consciousness and paralysis, suggesting a possible cause of pneumonia in these patients. Half of patients required dental intervention, indicating that oral management may be necessary for stroke patients to prevent the occurrence of pneumonia

トクシマ ダイガク ビョウイン ニオケル シュウジュツキ コウクウ キノウ カンリ ノ ゲンジョウ ト カダイ

It has been shown that oral hygiene affects the onset of perioperative complications. The usefulness of perioperative oral function management aiming at the outbreak decrease in treatment complications and an early discharge was recognized. As a result, perioperative oral function management fee was founded at revision of medical service fees in Fiscal year 2012. 　In this clinical study, we evaluated the implementation of perioperative oral function management in Tokushima University Hospital. We examined 781 patients, including 563 patients for surgery and 218 patients for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The mean age of patients was 58.8 ± 12.4 years old. 　The implementation rate of perioperative oral function management was 9.7% in the patients of surgery, and 17.4% in those of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The highly required medical department was neurosurgery in the patients of surgery, and hematology in those of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The mean number of tooth present was 21.3 ± 7.1 in the patients of surgery, and 19.8 ± 7.2 in those chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The rate of dental treatment was required in 40.5% of total patients who received surgery, and in 51.4% of patients who received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The rate of patients who received denture treatment attained to 11.9% of the whole patients receiving surgery, and 13.3% of patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 　It was revealed that there were many patients required potential demands in perioperative oral function management, and that there were many patients who need dental or denture treatment. We would like to develop perioperative oral function management by the interprofessional collaboration in health and social care

First Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program

The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) is a three-layered imaging survey aimed at addressing some of the most outstanding questions in astronomy today, including the nature of dark matter and dark energy. The survey has been awarded 300 nights of observing time at the Subaru Telescope and it started in March 2014. This paper presents the first public data release of HSC-SSP. This release includes data taken in the first 1.7 years of observations (61.5 nights) and each of the Wide, Deep, and UltraDeep layers covers about 108, 26, and 4 square degrees down to depths of i~26.4, ~26.5, and ~27.0 mag, respectively (5sigma for point sources). All the layers are observed in five broad bands (grizy), and the Deep and UltraDeep layers are observed in narrow bands as well. We achieve an impressive image quality of 0.6 arcsec in the i-band in the Wide layer. We show that we achieve 1-2 per cent PSF photometry (rms) both internally and externally (against Pan-STARRS1), and ~10 mas and 40 mas internal and external astrometric accuracy, respectively. Both the calibrated images and catalogs are made available to the community through dedicated user interfaces and database servers. In addition to the pipeline products, we also provide value-added products such as photometric redshifts and a collection of public spectroscopic redshifts. Detailed descriptions of all the data can be found online. The data release website is https://hsc-release.mtk.nao.ac.jp/.Comment: 34 pages, 20 figures, 7 tables, moderate revision, accepted for publication in PAS

The Hyper Suprime-Cam SSP survey: Overview and survey design

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is a wide-field imaging camera on the prime focus of the 8.2-m Subaru telescope on the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii. A team of scientists from Japan, Taiwan, and Princeton University is using HSC to carry out a 300-night multi-band imaging survey of the high-latitude sky. The survey includes three layers: the Wide layer will cover 1400 deg2 in five broad bands (grizy), with a 5 σ point-source depth of r ≈ 26. The Deep layer covers a total of 26 deg2 in four fields, going roughly a magnitude fainter, while the UltraDeep layer goes almost a magnitude fainter still in two pointings of HSC (a total of 3.5 deg2). Here we describe the instrument, the science goals of the survey, and the survey strategy and data processing. This paper serves as an introduction to a special issue of the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, which includes a large number of technical and scientific papers describing results from the early phases of this survey

Separation of the α- and β-Anomers of Carbohydrates by Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy

This article describes the successful application of the DOSY method for the separation and analysis of the α- and β-anomers of carbohydrates with different diffusion coefficients. In addition, the DOSY method was found to effectively separate two kinds of glucopyranosides with similar aglycon structures from a mixture

6,7,8,10-Tetra-O-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetradeoxy-α-D-gluco-dec-5-ulopyranosyl 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranoside

The title compound 1 was synthesized by the coupling reaction of 6,7,8,10-tetra-O-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetradeoxy-α-D-gluco-dec-5-ulopyranose (2) with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose (3) in the presence of 5 mol% bismuth(III) triflate in dichloromethane at 0 °C