On the Optimal Allocation of Three Modes for The Intercontinental Transportation of Seasonal Products

The existence of a worldwide trend that the world\u27s manufacturing site is moving toEast Asia is well known. Very large part of the products produced in these districts are to betransported to the U.S.A. and are concentrated to rather small number of ports, including airports.These situations are causing very serious traffic problems. New products are required to betransported swiftly by air. Once the market demands are stable, the products should be sent ratherslowly but in larger amount. Since the airport of China is quite restricted, transportation cost isincreasing and also the time for transportation is increasing. Here, the third method is appearing.This is the so-called Sea-and-Air transportation. Its cost and time in transit takes a mean positionbetween Air and Ocean freight services. However, there have been existing no reasonable strategyhow to allocate these three methods for the transportation. In the previous paper the optimalcondition was considered under the assumptions that products are transported directly after theirproduction. Here, the same problem is considered under the assumption that all products arealready produced and stored in the inventory. Products are transported following the demands fromthe consuming districts. The most efficient transportation for such case is considered with the helpof simulations

Basic Considerations for the Optimal Allocation of Three Modes Intercontinental Transportation of Seasonal Products

There is a trend toward that world\u27s manufacturing sites are moving to East Asia. After the production, these products are transported to the adavanced nations for their consumption demands. Among such advanced nations, U.S.A. has the largest demand and then Japan and other European countries follow. It should be noted that these Asian districts used for the production sites are rather restricted. Therefore, the volume of products transported from these restricted districts of Asia to U.S.A. is becoming tremendously large. This situation is causing very serious taraffic problems. The new products are required to be transported swiftly by air. Once the consumption and market demands are stable, the products should be sent rather slowly but in larger amount. However, the airports of China are quite restricted and while the amount of transportation is becoming large. As a result, transportation cost is increasing and also the time for transportation is increasing. Here, the third method is appearing. This is the so-called Sea and Air transportation. The cost and time in transit take mean positions between Air and Ocean fleight servises. There ecists no reasonable strategy how allocate these three methods for the taransportation. This paper is an attempt to theoretically describe this mechanism and to find out the optimal result

Analytical Approach for Oscillation Properties of Soft Materials

Abstract. It is well known that the Brusselator model reveals simple oscillations and damped oscillations by the suitable parameters. However there is no chemical reactor system that corresponds to the Brusselator model. We have a good real physical system that corresponds to the Brusselator model under some conditions. The system is a free damped oscillation of soft material and described by an equation of motion. In this paper, we show the relation between the Brusselator model and the physical system. We also estimate the experimental data of the physical system

Spontaneous complete necrosis of hepatocellular carcinoma caused by feeding vessel occlusion outside the tumour capsule

A 64-year-old man began treatment for chronic hepatitis C with peg-interferon and ribavirin. His hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) results turned negative. Just after the treatment, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a hypovascular mass in the segment 8. We performed a right hemihepatectomy as HCC. Upon macroscopic examination, the tumour was yellow and firm with a fibrous capsule. A wedge-shaped necrotic area was located at the top of an artery and a portal vein of segment 8. Necrosis was observed not only in the tumour but in the adjacent parenchyma. A histopathological examination showed that the tumour had been completely replaced by necrosis. This tumour was surrounded by capillary vessels and fed by several thick arteries, but organized thrombi were not detected. No viable cells were found. The histopathological diagnosis was a spontaneous complete necrosis of HCC caused by the occlusion of feeding vessels outside the capsule

フクスウモードヲリヨウシタコクサイフクゴウイッカンユソウシステムノサイテキカノタメノキソテキコウサツ

わが国のみならず世界の先進工業国の製造業は、国際的なコスト競争に対処するため、東アジア、特に中国を中心とした海外にその生産拠点の多くを移動させてきた。日本においても、かつては日本から世界市場に供給が行われていた製品が、今日では進出先国から直接世界市場へ供給が行われている。これら製品の海外への輸送手段には従来、航空輸送と海上輸送の2種類の輸送方法が考えられていた。新しい製品は、市場を有効に開拓するため早急な輸送が望まれ、それゆえこの目的のためには航空輸送が用いられた。しかし、航空輸送は高速であるがコスト高であり、量的輸送能力は低い。開拓された市場には大量の製品供給が必要であり、このため大量輸送には海上輸送が用いられた。この両輸送手段の形態と機能の相違は極めて大きい。しかもその相違は、生産貨物の集中激化によりコスト的には増大し、速度的には減少の傾向にある。ここに両者の特長を併せ持つといえるシー・アンド・エア輸送なる手段が登場した。シー・アンド・エア輸送とは、一旦近隣の空港まで海上輸送し、そこから航空輸送をしようという国際複合一貫輸送である。この輸送方式は、中国から世界最大の消費国米国に輸出される商品にとってきわめて有効であると考えられる。日本は、その地理的条件とその輸送形態を構築するインフラを持つ港湾の存在、航空貨物スペースの確保のしやすさ等からシー・アンド・エア輸送の中継地としてその役割を担えると考えられる。しかしながらこのシー・アンド・エア輸送の有効性、さらにはこの3種類の異なる輸送形態の併用手法の有効性は未だ十分な認識をえるに至っていない。本研究の目的は、複合輸送利用者の最適輸送計画のためにシー・アンド・エア輸送の有効性を検討し、最適輸送計画の枠組みを提案するとともに、同時に日本輸送業界の体制改善と活性化に資する情報を提供することにある

A Theoretical Approach to the Optimal IT Investments : Application of the Genetic Algorithms

In the study of economy it is the world tendency that more and more attentions are being paid to the intangible assets. In these few years many movements of studying, measuring, reporting intangible assets have appeared. Also in the field of IT (Information Technology)-investment, it is well known that for the effective IT investment, considerable amount of fund should be invested in the improvement of human resources and in management systems of their own companies. And these management should be accomplished continuously; from the plan, throughout the execution of it, to the monitoring the results of investments. These process are called IT investment management (ITIM). IT investment management must include the intangible assets in its field of activity. There are many parameters considerable that will influence IT investment evaluation. These mechanisms are fairly complicated to describe systematically and be analyzed by means of usual mathematical tools such as dynamic programming. However, for the effective investment it is important to understand the mechanisms of how the revenue or added value can be made up throughout investments. This paper is an attempt to theoretically describe this mechanism and to find out the optimal results. For the last object using genetic algorithms (GA) is proposed

X-ray study of ferroic octupole order producing anomalous Hall effect

放射光でついに見えた磁気オクタポール --熱を電気に変える新たな担い手--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-09-27.Recently found anomalous Hall, Nernst, magnetooptical Kerr, and spin Hall effects in the antiferromagnets Mn₃X (X = Sn, Ge) are attracting much attention for spintronics and energy harvesting. Since these materials are antiferromagnets, the origin of these functionalities is expected to be different from that of conventional ferromagnets. Here, we report the observation of ferroic order of magnetic octupole in Mn₃Sn by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, which is only predicted theoretically so far. The observed signals are clearly decoupled with the behaviors of uniform magnetization, indicating that the present X-ray magnetic circular dichroism is not arising from the conventional magnetization. We have found that the appearance of this anomalous signal coincides with the time reversal symmetry broken cluster magnetic octupole order. Our study demonstrates that the exotic material functionalities are closely related to the multipole order, which can produce unconventional cross correlation functionalities