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A point mutation of integrin beta 1 subunit blocks binding of alpha 5 beta 1 to fibronectin and invasin but not recruitment to adhesion plaques.
A point mutation in a highly conserved region of the beta 1 subunit, Asp130 to Ala (D130A) substitution, abrogates the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-dependent binding of alpha 5 beta 1 to fibronectin (FN) without disrupting gross structure or heterodimer assembly. The D130A mutation also interferes with binding to invasin, a ligand that lacks RGD sequence. In spite of the lack of detectable FN binding by alpha 5 beta 1(D130A), it was recruited to adhesion plaques formed on FN by endogenous hamster receptors. Thus, intact ligand binding function is not required for recruitment of alpha 5 beta 1 to adhesion plaques. Overexpression of beta 1(D130A) partially interfered with endogenous alpha 5 beta 1 function, thus defining a dominant negative beta 1 integrin mutation
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and plastics : examples of the status, trend, and cycling of organic chemicals of environmental concern in the ocean
Author Posting. © The Oceanography Society, 2014. This article is posted here by permission of The Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 27, no. 1 (2014): 196–213, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2014.23.Four decades of research have provided a reasonable understanding of the outline of the biogeochemical cycles of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal ocean and surface ocean ecosystems, including atmospheric transport to the sea, air-sea exchange processes, and the role of particulate matter in removing these chemicals from surface waters. It is clear that deep ocean fish are contaminated with POPs. However, despite available sampling and analytical capabilities, deep ocean ecosystems are much less sampled and understood. A multidecade assessment of POPs and PAHs in US coastal waters using bivalve sentinel organisms documents high concentrations near urban areas and also some stations where concentrations have begun to decline. The results are consistent with coastal sediments near urban areas being a leaky sink for POPs and PAHs, and sources from land continuing to contribute these contaminants to the sea. Other studies document coastal and continental margin surface sediments as a sink, albeit a potentially leaky sink, for POPs and PAHs. Floating plastic debris, including small pellets, has reemerged as an oceanic environmental concern. A "Pellet Watch" assessing plastic pellets and associated POPs and PAHs is underway. Enhanced studies of deep-ocean ecosystems are recommended. The findings are also relevant to biogeochemical cycles for emerging organic pollutants
The Lyman-alpha Forest at z~4: Keck HIRES Observations of Q 0000-26
This paper describes a study of the Lyman-alpha forest absorption clouds
along the quasar sightline Q0000-26 (zem=4.1). The spectrum was obtained with
the High Resolution Spectrometer on the 10m Keck telescope. We derive accurate
H I column density and Doppler width distributions for the clouds from Voigt
profile fitting. We also analyze simulated Lyman-alpha forest spectra of
matching characteristics in order to gauge the effects of line
blending/blanketing and noise in the data. The results are compared with
similar studies at lower redshifts in order to study any possible evolution in
the clouds' properties. We also estimate the mean intensity of the UV
background at z=4 from an analysis of the proximity effect.Comment: plain TeX containing 23 PS pages, 3 PS tables, and 9 PS figures, ApJ,
Dec 1, 1996 issue replacing an earlier version which contains an corrupted
table
59Co Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Studies of Superconducting and Non-superconducting Bilayer Water Intercalated Sodium Cobalt Oxides NaxCoO2.yH2O
We report 59Co nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) studies of bilayer water
intercalated sodium cobalt oxides NaxCoO2.yH2O (BLH) with the superconducting
transition temperatures, 2 K < T_c <= 4.6 K, as well as a magnetic BLH sample
without superconductivity. We obtained a magnetic phase diagram of T_c and the
magnetic ordering temperature T_M against the peak frequency nu_3 59Co NQR
transition I_z = +- 5/2 +-7/2 and found a dome shape superconducting phase.
The 59Co NQR spectrum of the non-superconducting BLH shows a broadening below
T_M without the critical divergence of 1/T_1 and 1/T_2, suggesting an
unconventional magnetic ordering. The degree of the enhancement of 1/T_1T at
low temperatures increases with the increase of nu_3 though the optimal
nu_3~12.30 MHz. In the NaxCoO2.yH2O system, the optimal-T_c superconductivity
emerges close to the magnetic instability. T_c is suppressed near the phase
boundary at nu_3~12.50 MHz, which is not a conventional magnetic quantum
critical point.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Spectroscopic and asteroseismic analysis of the remarkable main-sequence A star KIC 11145123
A spectroscopic analysis was carried out to clarify the properties of KIC
11145123 -- the first main-sequence star with a determination of
core-to-surface rotation -- based on spectra observed with the High Dispersion
Spectrograph (HDS) of the Subaru telescope. The atmospheric parameters ( K, , km s and dex), the radial and rotation velocities, and elemental abundances were
obtained by analysing line strengths and fitting line profiles, which were
calculated with a 1D LTE model atmosphere. The main properties of KIC 11145123
are: (1) A low dex and a high radial velocity of
km s. These are remarkable among late-A stars. Our best
asteroseismic models with this low [Fe/H] have slightly high helium abundance
and low masses of 1.4 M. All of these results strongly suggest that KIC
11145123 is a Population II blue straggler; (2) The projected rotation velocity
confirms the asteroseismically predicted slow rotation of the star; (3)
Comparisons of abundance patterns between KIC 11145123 and Am, Ap, and blue
stragglers show that KIC 11145123 is neither an Am star nor an Ap star, but has
abundances consistent with a blue straggler. We conclude that the remarkably
long 100-d rotation period of this star is a consequence of it being a blue
straggler, but both pathways for the formation of blue stragglers -- merger and
mass loss in a binary system -- pose difficulties for our understanding of the
exceedingly slow rotation. In particular, we show that there is no evidence of
any secondary companion star, and we put stringent limits on the possible mass
of any such purported companion through the phase modulation (PM) technique.Comment: 19 pages, of which the final 7 are appendixed data tables. Ten
figures, some of which do require colour. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Novel phase diagram of superconductor NaxCoO2-yH2O in a 75 % relative humidity
We succeeded in synthesizing the powder samples of bilayer-hydrate sodium
cobalt oxide superconductors NaxCoO2-yH2O with Tc = 0 ~ 4.6 K by systematically
changing the keeping duration in a 75 % relative humidity atmosphere after
intercalation of water molecules. From the magnetic measurements, we found that
the one-day duration sample does not show any superconductivity down to 1.8 K,
and that the samples kept for 2 ~ 7 days show superconductivity, in which Tc
increases up to 4.6 K with increasing the duration. Tc and the superconducting
volume fraction are almost invariant between 7 days and 1month duration. The
59Co NQR spectra indicate a systematic change in the local charge distribution
on the CoO2 plane with change in duration.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Journal of the Physical Society of
Japa
Behavior of a frustrated quantum spin chain with bond dimerization
We clarified behavior of the excitation gap in a frustrated S=1/2 quantum
spin chain with bond dimerization by using the numerical diagonalization of
finite systems and a variational approach. The model interpolates between the
independent dimer model and the S=1 spin chain by changing a strength of the
dimerization. The energy gap is minimum at the fully-frustrated point, where a
localized kink and a freely mobile anti-kink govern the low-lying excitations.
Away from the point, a kink and an antikink form a bound state by an effective
triangular potential between them. The consequential gap enhancement and the
localization length of the bound state is obtained exactly in the continuous
limit. The gap enhancement obeys a power law with exponent 2/3. The method and
the obtained results are common to other frustrated double spin-chain systems,
such as the one-dimensional J_1 - J_2 model, or the frustrated ladder model.Comment: 11 pages, REVTeX, 8 figures in eps-fil
Breached pairing superfluidity: Possible realization in QCD
We propose a wide universality class of gapless superfluids, and analyze a
limit that might be realized in quark matter at intermediate densities. In the
breached pairing color superconducting phase heavy -quarks, with a small
Fermi surface, pair with light or quarks. The groundstate has a
superfluid and a normal Fermi component simultaneously. We expect a second
order phase transition, as a function of increasing density, from the breached
pairing phase to the conventional color-flavor locked (CFL) phase.Comment: 5 pages, latex, 1 figure; added references; Comment on Ref. [10]
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