Phosphorus use efficiency in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as related to compatibility of association among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia

The tripartite symbiosis of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) recombinant inbred line (RIL) 147 with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was assessed in sand culture by comparing the effects of three AMF species on the mycorrhizal root colonization, rhizobial nodulation, plant growth and phosphorus use efficiency for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Although Glomus intraradices well colonized roots of RIL147, Gigaspora rosea and Acaulospora mellea weakly colonized roots-plants. Higher colonization by Glomus was also obtained by contact with mycorrhized Stylosanthes guianensis. Significant differences among colonization and nodulation of the roots and growth were found between AMF species. Although the results showed that the double inoculation, especially with Glomus, induced a significant increase in all parameters whatever the AMF treatments in comparison to the control. In addition, the combined inoculation of Glomus and CIAT899 strains resulted in significantly higher nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of common bean plants and improved phosphorus use efficiency compared with their controls which were not dually inoculated. It was concluded that phosphorus use efficiency for plant growth and nitrogen fixation could be improved by compatibility with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobial strain and common bean genotype, same under P limited.Key words: Acaulospora mellea, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus intraradices, Gigaspora rosea, nitrogen fixation, Phaseolus vulgaris, phosphorus, rhizobia, Stylosanthes guianensis, symbiosis

Assess suitability of hydroaeroponic culture to establish tripartite symbiosis between different AMF species, beans, and rhizobia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Like other species of the <it>Phaseoleae </it>tribe, common bean (<it>Phaseolus vulgaris </it>L.) has the potential to establish symbiosis with rhizobia and to fix the atmospheric dinitrogen (N₂) for its N nutrition. Common bean has also the potential to establish symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that improves the uptake of low mobile nutrients such as phosphorus, from the soil. Both rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbioses can act synergistically in benefits on plant.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The tripartite symbiosis of common bean with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was assessed in hydroaeroponic culture with common bean (<it>Phaseolus vulgaris </it>L.), by comparing the effects of three fungi spp. on growth, nodulation and mycorrhization of the roots under sufficient <it>versus </it>deficient P supplies, after transfer from initial sand culture. Although <it>Glomus intraradices </it>Schenck & Smith colonized intensely the roots of common bean in both sand and hydroaeroponic cultures, <it>Gigaspora rosea </it>Nicolson & Schenck only established well under sand culture conditions, and no root-colonization was found with <it>Acaulospora mellea </it>Spain & Schenck under either culture conditions. Interestingly, mycorrhization by <it>Glomus </it>was also obtained by contact with mycorrhized <it>Stylosanthes guianensis </it>(Aubl.) sw in sand culture under deficient P before transfer into hydroaeroponic culture. The effect of bean genotype on both rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbioses with <it>Glomus </it>was subsequently assessed with the common bean recombinant inbreed line 7, 28, 83, 115 and 147, and the cultivar Flamingo. Significant differences among colonization and nodulation of the roots and growth among genotypes were found.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The hydroaeroponic culture is a valuable tool for further scrutinizing the physiological interactions and nutrient partitioning within the tripartite symbiosis.</p

Nodular diagnosis for ecological engineering of the symbiotic nitrogen fixation with legumes

As a major contributor to the reduced nitrogen pool in the biosphere, symbiotic nitrogen fixation by legumes plays a critical role in a sustainable production system. However this legume contribution varies with the physico-chemical and biological conditions of the nodulated-root rhizosphere. In order to assess the abiotic and biotic constrains that might limit this symbiosis at the agroecosystem level, a nodular diagnosis is proposed with common bean as a model grain-legume, and a major source of plant proteins for world human nutrition. The engineering of the legume symbiosis is addressed by participatory assessment of bean recombinant inbred lines contrasting for their efficiency in use of phosphorous for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. With this methodology, in field-sites chosen with farmers of an area of cereal-cropping in the Mediterranean basin, a large spatial and temporal variation in the legume nodulation was found. Soil P availability was a major limiting factor of the rhizobial symbiosis. In order to relate the field measurements with progress in functional genomics of the symbiosis, in situ RT-PCR on nodule sections has been implemented showing that the phytase gene is expressed in the cortex with significantly higher number of transcripts in P-efficient RILs. It is concluded that various tools and indicators are available for developing the ecological engineering of the rhizobial symbiosis, in particular for its beneficial contribution to the bio-geochemical cycle of N, and also P and C

Bacteria-inducing legume nodules involved in the improvement of plant growth, health and nutrition

Bacteria-inducing legume nodules are known as rhizobia and belong to the class Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria. They promote the growth and nutrition of their respective legume hosts through atmospheric nitrogen fixation which takes place in the nodules induced in their roots or stems. In addition, rhizobia have other plant growth-promoting mechanisms, mainly solubilization of phosphate and production of indoleacetic acid, ACC deaminase and siderophores. Some of these mechanisms have been reported for strains of rhizobia which are also able to promote the growth of several nonlegumes, such as cereals, oilseeds and vegetables. Less studied are the mechanisms that have the rhizobia to promote the plant health; however, these bacteria are able to exert biocontrol of some phytopathogens and to induce the plant resistance. In this chapter, we revised the available data about the ability of the legume nodule-inducing bacteria for improving the plant growth, health and nutrition of both legumes and nonlegumes. These data showed that rhizobia meet all the requirements of sustainable agriculture to be used as bio-inoculants allowing the total or partial replacement of chemicals used for fertilization or protection of crops

Phosphorus use efficiency for symbiotic nitrogen fixation varies among common bean recombinant inbred lines under P deficiency

This study compared the growth, nodulation, phosphorus use efficiency and nitrogen (N2) fixation by six recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Phaseolus vulgaris (RILs 147, 28, 83, 34, 7, and 104). These RILs were inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 and grown in an aerated nitrogen-free nutrient solution at deficient versus sufficient phosphorous supplies (75 vs. 250 μmol P plant−1 week−1) in a glasshouse. Our results show that plant growth, nodulation, and symbiotic nitrogen fixation were significantly affected by P deficiency for all RILs, whereas this adverse effect was more pronounced in RILs 147, 83, 28 and 7 than in RILs 34 and 104. Under P deficiency, RILs 34 and 104 showed higher efficiency than other RILs in the use of P for their symbiotic N nutrition. It is concluded that P utilization efficiency may be a useful selection criterion for genotypic adaptation of N2-fixing legumes to low P soils

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas on P use efficiency for growth and N2 fixation in common bean ([i]Phaseolus vulgaris[/i] L.)

This study assessed the tripartite symbiosis of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in hydroaeroponic culture under sufficient versus deficient P supplies (250 versus75 µmol P plant-1 week-1). The effects of three AMF species on the mycorrhizal root colonization, rhizobial nodulation, plant growth and phosphorus useefficiency were compared in the bean recombinant inbred line (RIL) 147 after transfer from initial sand culture. Although Glomus intraradices well colonized roots of RIL147, in both P levels, Gigaspora rosea weakly colonized roots, and no root-colonization was found with Acaulospora mellea. Mycorrhization byGlomus was also obtained by contact with mycorrhized Stylosanthes guianensis. Significant differences among colonization and nodulation of the roots and plant growth were found between AMF species. Although the results showed that the double inoculation induced a significant increase in all parameters whatever the phosphorus supply in comparison to control.Nevertheless, the highest phosphorus use efficiency and plant total nitrogen were found under P deficiency in both AMF treatments (by contact or by inoculant). It is concluded that phosphorus use efficiency for plant growth and nitrogen fixation could be improved by compatibility between both symbionts (AMF and rhizobia) and common bean genotype

Etude de la qualité nutritionnelle de fruit de Phœnix dactylifera L. : mesure des paramètres biochimiques

Les dattes sont des fruits riches en substances biologiquement actives, ce qui leurs confère un grand intérêt en termes de validation. Dans cette étude nous avons visé les caractéristiques des fruits de deux variétés de Phoenix dactylifera L., l’une Tunisienne (Deglet Nour), a été sélectionnée pour sa qualité nutritionnelle et son appréciation à travers le monde et l’autre d’origine Saoudienne (Madjoul), qui est très populaire en raison de sa grande taille, de sa texture et de goût particulier. Les analyses des paramètres biochimiques tels que les polyphénols totaux, les flavonoïdes, les tanins condensés, les sucres totaux, les protéines ainsi que les oligoéléments (fer et sodium), indiquent une différence significative chez les deux variétés étudiées. L’analyse globale des résultats de la présente étude montrent que les flavonoïdes représentent les constituants majeurs des composés phénoliques chez la variété Deglet Nour Tunisienne et les tanins condensés chez la variété Madjoul Saoudienne (43,17 ± 4,76 μg EQ /g MS et 160,92 ± 39,22 μg EC /g MS, respectivement). De même, les résultats indiquent une richesse en sucres totaux de la datte Madjoul qui est de : 214,79 ± 15,25 mg/g MS par rapport à la datte Deglet Nour, par contre cette dernière présente la teneur la plus élevée en protéine : 15,13 ± 3,18 μg/g MS. Cette variation pourrait être liée à divers facteurs, plus particulièrement l'origine géographique, l’effet variétal, la maturité et la période de la récolte. Cette étude comparative pourra conduire à valoriser les dattes, rappelons que les composés phénoliques sont connus pour leurs vertus biologiques et suscitent un intérêt important dans l’activité antioxydante

Co-inoculation with Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 increases P use efficiency for N-2 fixation in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under P deficiency in hydroaeroponic culture

Symbiosis ISI Document Delivery No.: 817PA Times Cited: 3 Cited Reference Count: 33 Tajini, Fatma Trabelsi, Mustapha Drevon, Jean-Jacques Eu This research was supported by the Aquarhiz project of the EU INCOMED program that also supplied a fellowship to Fatma Tajini for her journey in Montpellier. Springer Dordrecht Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699International audienceCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes CocoT and Flamingo were inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 and Glomus intraradices (Schenck & Smith) and grown under sufficient versus deficient phosphorus supply for comparing the effects of double inoculation on growth, nodulation, mycorrhization of the roots, phosphorus use efficiency and total nitrogen. Although the double inoculation induced a significant increase in all parameters whatever the phosphorus supply in comparison to control, significant differences were found among genotypes and treatments. Nevertheless, the highest phosphorus use efficiency and plant total nitrogen were found under P deficiency in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. It is concluded that inoculation with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could improve symbiotic nitrogen fixation even under phosphorus deficiency

Arbuscular mycorrhizas by contact with mycorrhized[i] Stylosanthes guianensi[/i]s enhance P use efficiency for N-2 fixation in the common bean ([i]Phaseolus vulgaris[/i] L.)

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotype Flamingo was inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 and Glomus intraradices by mycorrhizal inoculant or by contact with mycorrhized Stylosanthes guianensis and grown under sufficient versus deficient phosphorus supply after transfer from initial sand culture, for comparing the effects of double inoculation (by contact or by inoculant) on growth, nodulation, mycorrhization of the roots, phosphorus use efficiency and total nitrogen. Although, the results showed that the double inoculation induced a significant increase in all parameters whatever the phosphorus supply and the cultivation systems in comparison to control and no significant difference between both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatments. Significant differences among colonization and nodulation of the roots and growth were found in both hydroaeroponic and sand culture. Nevertheless, the highest phosphorus use efficiency and plant total nitrogen were found under P deficiency in both AMF treatments. It is concluded that inoculation with rhizobial and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (by contact or by inoculant) could improve symbiotic nitrogen fixation even under phosphorus deficiency

Flamingo is a new common bean ([i]Phaseolus vulgaris[/i] L.) genotype with tolerance of symbiotic nitrogen fixation to moderate salinity

Salinity is one of the major environmental threats to agriculture. In particular, soil salinization is a major limiting factor of symbiotic nitrogen fixation for legume growth. The adverse effects of salinity on the rhizobial symbiosis of common bean genotypes CocoT and Flamingo and the subsequent photosynthesis and plant-growth were investigated in glasshouse. Common bean plants were grown in sterilized sand and irrigated with salt concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 gl-1, respectively and inoculated with rhizobial strains of Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 or Rhizobium etli 12a3. Nodule number and biomass, shoot content of nitrogen and chlorophyll were decreased by increasing salinity with all used symbiosis, whereas, the proline accumulation increased. The interaction between symbioses and salt levels for all parameters was highly significant. Overall, Flamingo inoculated with R. etli had the highest plant growth and nitrogen fixation under salinity. It is concluded that Flamingo has potential for application in field conditions exposed to soil salinization or irrigated with saline water, unless native rhizobial would interact negatively