Extraocular Muscle Imbalance and Outcomes of Scleral Buckling Surgery for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

Objective: The objective was to study the muscle imbalance, restrictive motility in unlike gazes and the outcomes of the scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Study design: Prospective follow-up study Settings and duration: The study was conducted at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital Rawalpindi from Aug 2015 to Jan 2016. Methodology: The patients were checked prior to surgery and two follow up visits were done afterwards. Thorough history was taken along with full orthoptic assessment and ocular motility in all four main gazes including elevation, depression, adduction and abduction. Vision, type and position of explants, site of detachment, and risk factors of detachment were also observed. Results: A total of 48 eyes of 46 patients were taken. Mean age of the study participants was 37.16±20.37 years. Horizontal, vertical and combined deviations were observed in study population. Exo deviation was most common deviation among patients. Most reported risk factors of retinal detachment included trauma, pseudophakia, aphakia and myopia. Motility limitations of all four gazes was observed and it was found out that after buckling the squint and restriction is been increased up till two months. Conclusion: Ocular restriction among the patients was observed over a period of 2 months and it depicted that encircling with sclera buckling elicited an increase in restrictive ocular motility from pre-operative to 1 week and 2 months after surgery

Numerical study of resistivity of model disordered three-dimensional metals

We calculate the zero-temperature resistivity of model 3-dimensional disordered metals described by tight-binding Hamiltonians. Two different mechanisms of disorder are considered: diagonal and off-diagonal. The non-equilibrium Green function formalism provides a Landauer-type formula for the conductance of arbitrary mesoscopic systems. We use this formula to calculate the resistance of finite-size disordered samples of different lengths. The resistance averaged over disorder configurations is linear in sample length and resistivity is found from the coefficient of proportionality. Two structures are considered: (1) a simple cubic lattice with one s-orbital per site, (2) a simple cubic lattice with two d-orbitals. For small values of the disorder strength, our results agree with those obtained from the Boltzmann equation. Large off-diagonal disorder causes the resistivity to saturate, whereas increasing diagonal disorder causes the resistivity to increase faster than the Boltzmann result. The crossover toward localization starts when the Boltzmann mean free path relative to the lattice constant has a value between 0.5 and 2.0 and is strongly model dependent.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Computerized Reservation Systems Video Shoting And Photography "Horizon"

Reservation system that has been designed and which have been made then thesystem can help activities, ranging from receptionist to go to the studio and itsimplementation is no longer with the accounting manual. Reservation system that hasbeen proven using a computer services faster and more profitable in terms of thehandling of service orders and recording all transaction data

Classification of Age and Types of Gender Potential Seed Osteoarthritis Patients

This study aims to classify osteoarthritis patients based on age and sex on narrow cracks narrowing. The study was conducted with total samples of 36 diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) patients by a specialist in internal medicine. The sample of 36 OA patients was divided into 4 groups, namely group 1 (male aged), group 2 (male young age), group 3 (old woman), and group 4 (young woman). Data on knee joint size were analyzed by age and sex. The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in joint cracks size in the elderly male group (0.98 mm), the younger male group (1.05 mm), the elderly females group (0.84 mm), and the young females group (1.18 mm)

The prevalence of hyperthyroidism at university of maiduguri teaching hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri.

Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are the two common thyroid disorders but there is paucity of information on the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in Nigeria in general and in Northeast of Nigeria in particular. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hyperthyroidism at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. Method: A retrospective study done over a period of one year that reviews the results of serum TSH, T4 and T4 from 203 patients. Results: Eighty-nine (43.8%) and 79 (38.9%) patients had elevated serum levels of T3 and T4 respectively (i.e. were hyperthyroid), 114 (56.2%) and 112 (55.2%) patients had normal serum levels of T3 and T4 respectively (i.e. were euthyroid) while 12 (5.9%) patients had low serum levels of T4 only (i.e. were hypothyroid). The female to male ratio of hyperthyroidism was 4 and 1[T3 — female 68 (35.4%), male — 17(89%); T 4— female 59 (30.7%), male 15(7.8%)]. Age —group from 25—34 years was the most frequent. (51 patients) and with the highest prevalence of hyperthyroidism [T4- 19(14.2%); T4 18(13.4%)].The study further revealed a decline in the prevalence of hyperthyroidism as age increased. The finding of high prevalence of low TSH (20.8%) against high prevalence of elevated T3 and T4 [89(44.1% and 79(38.9%) respectively] in this study could suggest that the hyperthyroidism in the studied patients could have been largely caused by Graves' disease. Conclusion: This study revealed that thyroid disorders are not uncommon in our environment and the finding of high prevalence of low TSH above high TSH, suggested that the hyperthyroidism discovered in our study may have been largely caused by Grave's disease. We recommend that more laboratory diagnostic centre should be established in our environment where thyroid disorders can be diagnosed

Sputum smear positive tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis patients at university of maiduguri teaching hospital: a retrospective study

The identification of sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases is recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as part of its directly observed therapy short course (DOTs) for effective global tuberculosis control. Earlier study performed in this centre (University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH) Maiduguri) showed a relatively small prevalence of sputum smear positivity among Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients that is not close to the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of sputum smear positive tuberculosis and assess the progress so far, 5 years after the earlier study. Methods: This is a retrospective study, where the records of all patients treated for tuberculosis at UMTH between April 2008 and December 2008 were retrieved and analysed. Demographic data of PTB patients and their results of sputum smear, stained by Ziehl-Neelson technique were obtained. The effect of HIV seropositivity and of its treatment using HAART on sputum smear was assessed. Results: Four hundred and thirty nine patients with PTB aged 14 years and above consisting of 254(57.9%) males and 185(42.1%) females were used for this study. The 20-25 year age group had the highest sputum smear positive cases, while those within the 62-67 year age group had the lowest. One hundred and eight patients (41.4%) had sputum smear positive results while 153(58.6%) patients had negative smears. Nosignificant difference in sputum positivity between HIV negative and HIV positive patients. Conclusion: The higher rate of sputum smear positive pulmonary TB cases showed an increase in detection rate compared with an earlier finding, but is still some miles away from the set target (MDG goals)

Status Gizi dan Riwayat Komplikasi Kehamilan sebagai Determinan Kejadian Komplikasi Persalinan di Kab. Mamuju

Komplikasi persalinan adalah keadaan yang mengancam jiwa ibu ataupun janin karena gangguan sebagai akibat langsung dari kehamilan atau persalinan yang membutuhkan manajemen obstetri tanpa ada perencanaan sebelumnya dan merupakan salah satu penyebab terbesar kematian ibu di Indonesia, tetapi dapat dicegah melalui deteksi dini terhadap kehamilan maupun persalinan dengan risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetapkan besarnya risiko (status gizi, penyakit ibu, riwayat komplikasi kehamilan, riwayat persalinan sebelumnya dengan tindakan, kualitas ANC, dan penolong persalinan), serta mengetahui variabel yang memberi risiko dominan terhadap kejadian komplikasi persalinan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Mamuju. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control study. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 174 responden yang terdiri dari 58 responden untuk kasus dan 116 responden untuk kontrol pada ibu yang bersalin di lokasi penelitian dan memenuhi kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari enam variabel yang diduga berisiko terhadap kejadian komplikasi persalinan hanya ada dua yang secarasignifikan berisiko terhadap kejadian komplikasi persalinan yaitu status gizi (OR=2,862) dan riwayat komplikasi kehamilan (OR=5,587). Dari dua variabel tersebut variabel yang paling dominan berisiko terhadap kejadian komplikasipersalinan adalah riwayat komplikasi kehamilan

Quantum transport in a resonant tunnel junction coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator

We discuss the quantum transport of electrons through a resonant tunnel junction coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator at zero temperature. By using the Green's function technique we calculate the transport properties of electrons through a single dot strongly coupled to a single oscillator. We consider a finite chemical potential difference between the right and left leads. In addition to the main resonant peak of electrons on the dot, we find satellite peaks due to the creation of phonons. These satellite peaks become sharper and more significant with increasing coupling strength between the electrons and the oscillator. We also consider the energy transferred from the electrons to the oscillator.Comment: Updated in response to referees' comments. Section IV amended including figure

Addition of Lead (Pb)-Nitrate Filler on Polymer Composite Aprons for X-Ray Radiation Shielding

Radiation shielding aprons are needed by radiation workers to minimize radiation exposure to the body. The aprons at present use fabric-coated lead plates which are heavy and rigid materials and therefore are not comfortable to use. Polymer aprons from cassava starch and glycerin with addition of Pb-nitrate filler at 0 %, 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % have been synthesized. Mixtures for synthesizing the polymer apron composites were heated using a magnetic stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm at 160 °C for 25 minutes. Then, the polymer apron composites were dried in an oven for 24 hours at 70 °C. The effectiveness of the apron was determined by calculating the attenuation coefficient (μ), half-value layer (HVL), and radiation absorption. The mechanical properties of the aprons were characterized by testing their tensile strengths using anA&D MCT-2150 universal tester. The result shows that the optimal addition of Pb-nitrate filler of as much as 6 % produced aprons with an attenuation coefficient of 1248 cm‑1, HVL of 0.54 cm, and radiation absorption of 25 %, while the aprons’ tensile strength was obtained as28.244 MPa. The addition of Pb-nitrate as a filler in apron composites proportionally improves the quality of materials used as radiation shields. More detailed research is still needed to obtain the best apron