Some aspects of plant nutrition : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University

Inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes UniversityRhodes University Libraries (Digitisation

Автоматическая оптимизация технологического комплекса обогащения железных руд по сигналам магнитной индукции сепаратора

Recombinant antibodies can be used to diagnose, treat and prevent disease by exploiting their specific antigen-binding activities. A large number of drugs currently in development are recombinant antibodies and most of these are produced in cultured rodent cells. Although such cells produce authentic functional products, they are expensive, difficult to scale-up and may contain human pathogens. Plants represent a cost-effective, convenient and safe alternative production system and are slowly gaining acceptance. Five plant-derived therapeutic recombinant antibodies (plantibodies) are undergoing clinical evaluation, three of which can be used as prophylactics

Two Fields Are Better Than One: Developmental and Comparative Perspectives On Understanding Spatial Reorientation

Occasionally, we lose track of our position in the world, and must re-establish where we are located in order to function. This process has been termed the ability to reorient and was first studied by Ken Cheng in 1986. Reorientation research has revealed some powerful cross-species commonalities. It has also engaged the question of human uniqueness because it has been claimed that human adults reorient differently from other species, or from young human children, in a fashion grounded in the distinctive combinatorial power of human language. In this chapter, we consider the phenomenon of reorientation in comparative perspective, both to evaluate specific claims regarding commonalities and differences in spatial navigation, and also to illustrate, more generally, how comparative cognition research and research in human cognitive development have deep mutual relevance

Deconvolution Processing for Flaw Signatures

The ultimate resolution of all ultrasonic flaw detection systems is limited by transducer response. Although the system output contains detailed information about the target structure, these details are masked by the system characteristics. Since the output can be described as the convolution of the target response and the impulse response of the system, it should- in principle - be possible to reverse this operation and extract the target response. In practice, it is found that the presence of even relatively small amounts of noise make the deconvolution process impossible. If, however, the flaw detection system has an extremely high output signal-to-noise ratio it is possible to use estimation techniques in the deconvolution process to achieve a good approximation to the actual target response. Results are presented that demonstrate these techniques applied to both simulated and experimental data. Coupling deconvolution processing with feature extraction is shown to yield an order of magnitude increase in range resolution

A Diagram Is Worth A Dozen Images

Diagrams are common tools for representing complex concepts, relationships and events, often when it would be difficult to portray the same information with natural images. Understanding natural images has been extensively studied in computer vision, while diagram understanding has received little attention. In this paper, we study the problem of diagram interpretation and reasoning, the challenging task of identifying the structure of a diagram and the semantics of its constituents and their relationships. We introduce Diagram Parse Graphs (DPG) as our representation to model the structure of diagrams. We define syntactic parsing of diagrams as learning to infer DPGs for diagrams and study semantic interpretation and reasoning of diagrams in the context of diagram question answering. We devise an LSTM-based method for syntactic parsing of diagrams and introduce a DPG-based attention model for diagram question answering. We compile a new dataset of diagrams with exhaustive annotations of constituents and relationships for over 5,000 diagrams and 15,000 questions and answers. Our results show the significance of our models for syntactic parsing and question answering in diagrams using DPGs

Iterative PET Image Reconstruction using Adaptive Adjustment of Subset Size and Random Subset Sampling

Statistical PET image reconstruction methods are often accelerated by the use of a subset of available projections at each iteration. It is known that many subset algorithms, such as ordered subset expectation maximisation, will not converge to a single solution but to a limit cycle. Reconstruction methods exist to relax the update step sizes of subset algorithms to obtain convergence, however, this introduces additional parameters that may result in extended reconstruction times. Another approach is to gradually decrease the number of subsets to reduce the effect of the limit cycle at later iterations, but the optimal iteration numbers for these reductions may be data dependent. We propose an automatic method to increase subset sizes so a reconstruction can take advantage of the acceleration provided by small subset sizes during early iterations, while at later iterations reducing the effects of the limit cycle behaviour providing estimates closer to the maximum a posteriori solution. At each iteration, two image updates are computed from a common estimate using two disjoint subsets. The divergence of the two update vectors is measured and, if too great, subset sizes are increased in future iterations. We show results for both sinogram and list mode data using various subset selection methodologies

3-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-3H-benzo[f]isobenzofuran-1-one

In the title compound, C19H12O4, the dioxole ring adopts a flattened envelope conformation with the methyl­ene C at the flap [deviation = 0.104 (2) Å]. The benzene ring of the benzodioxole ring system makes a dihedral angle of 76.45 (5)° with the planar [maximum deviation = 0.016 (1) Å] 3H-benzo[f]isobenzofuran-1-one ring system. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked into C(5) chains running along the b axis by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In addition, C—H⋯π inter­actions are observed

Создание полимерных композиционных материалов с непрерывным армированием арамидным волокном для применения в аддитивных технологиях

В данной работе проведено исследование создания композиционного материала на полимерной основе с непрерывным армированием арамидного волокна для применения в аддитивных технологиях. Описаны технологические особенности процесса модификации поверхности арамидного волокна. Исследовано влияние материала модификации поверхности на адгезионные свойства получаемого композиционного материала

Screening unsaturated fat sources included to low and high forage diets with different fat dietary concentration using an in vitro gas production system

Fat inclusion can increase energy density of diets fed to ruminants, but detrimental effects to nutrient digestion have been reported. There is evidence that not all fat sources have this negative response and this effect can vary depending on the forage concentration in the diet. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of including different types of unsaturated fats to high and low forage diets in vitro digestibility and fermentation. An experiment was conducted using an in vitro gas production (GP) system. Treatments included either low forage (LF; 35%) or high forage (HF; 70%) with 2 dietary fat concentrations (6 or 9%) and of 7 different fat source treatments (control + 6 different types of unsaturated fat sources). The control diet had a basal level of fat in the diet [3% fat (0% fat inclusion); and fat sources were added to attain 6% or 9% fat and consisted of (Coconut oil, CO; Poultry fat, PF; Palm oil, PO; Palm kernel oil, PKO; Ca Salts, MEG; Soybean oil, SOY)]. Modules (GP) were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2×2×7 factorial design and incubated for two 24 h runs. A randomized complete block design with 4 replicates per treatment and 2 runs was used. Run was the blocking factor. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Apparent digestibility (AD) for DM, OM, NDF, ADF and true dry matter digestibility (TDMD) were higher in LF-treatment. Cumulative gas produced in mL was greater in LF (P = 0.01). Fat concentration had no effect on AD, but the 6% fat had a higher gas production (P = 0.03; 109.6 vs. 103.5 mL ± 2.44). The CO had the highest DM AD followed by SOY and PF (54.5, 51.8, and 50.6% ± 0.48) and cumulative gas production followed same pattern. The TDMD and OM AD were higher in CO, however the NDF and ADF AD were higher in MEG-fed modules. Final pH was not affected by treatments. Final NH3N concentration was greater in HF and 9% fat. These results suggest that LF diets with high dietary fat concentration can be utilized and different types of fat sources may improve DM and fiber rumen digestibility

A Demonstration of STIR-GATE-Connection

We present the first open-source version of STIR-GATE-Connection, a project that aims to provide an easy-to-use pipeline to simulate realistic PET data using GATE, followed by quantitative reconstruction using STIR. Monte Carlo simulations and image reconstruction are powerful research tools for emission tomography that can assist with the design of new medical imaging devices as well as the evaluation of novel image reconstruction algorithms and various correction techniques. STIR-GATE-Connection is a collection of scripts that aid with the: (i) setup of a realistic GATE simulation of a voxelised phantom using a user selected scanner configuration, (ii) conversion of the output list mode data into STIR compatible sinograms, and (iii) computation of additive and multiplicative data corrections for Poisson image reconstruction using STIR. In this work, we demonstrate example usage of these steps. A public release of STIR-GATE-Connection, licensed under the Apache 2.0 License, can be downloaded at: http://www.github.com/UCL/STIR-GATE-Connection