189 research outputs found
Trading on Preconceptions: Why World War I Was Not a Failure of Economic Interdependence
World War I is generally viewed by both advocates and critics of commercial liberal theory as the quintessential example of a failure of economic integration to maintain peace. Yet this consensus relies on both methodologically flawed inference and an incomplete accounting of the antecedents to the war. Crucially, World War I began in a weakly integrated portion of Europe with which highly integrated powers were entangled through the alliance system. Crises among the highly interdependent European powers in the decades leading up to the war were generally resolved without bloodshed. Among the less interdependent powers in Eastern Europe, however, crises regularly escalated to militarized violence. Moreover, the crises leading to the war created increased incentives for the integrated powers to strengthen commitments to their less interdependent partners. In attempting to make these alliances more credible, Western powers shifted foreign policy discretion to the very states that lacked strong economic disincentives to fight. Had globalization pervaded Eastern Europe, or if the rest of Europe had been less locked into events in the east, Europe might have avoided a “Great War.” </jats:p
Gamma-Rays and Neutrinos from Dark Matter
High energy gamma-rays and neutrinos can be produced both by the annihilation
and by the possible slow decay of dark matter particles. We discuss the fluxes
and spectra of such secondaries produced by dark matter particles in the
universe and their observability in competition with other astrophysical
gamma-ray signals and with atmospheric neutrinos. To do this, we work within
the assumption that the dark matter particles are neutralinos which are the
lightest supersymmetric particles (LSPs) predicted by supersymmetry theory.Comment: 5 pages, latex file, Proc. 2nd Intl. Symp. on Sources and Detection
of Dark Matter in the Universe, Nucl. Phys. B. Conf. Suppl., in pres
Gradient models of the axion-photon coupling
We establish an extended version of the Einstein - Maxwell - axion model by
introducing into the Lagrangian cross-terms, which contain the gradient
four-vector of the pseudoscalar (axion) field in convolution with the Maxwell
tensor. The gradient model of the axion-photon coupling is applied to
cosmology: we analyze the Bianchi-I type Universe with an initial magnetic
field, electric field induced by the axion-photon interaction, cosmological
constant and dark matter, which is described in terms of the pseudoscalar
(axion) field. Analytical, qualitative and numerical results are presented in
detail for two distinguished epochs: first, for the early Universe with
magnetic field domination; second, for the stage of late-time accelerated
expansion.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in The European
Physical Journal
Generic competences for the IT knowledge workers: a study from the field.
Proceedings of: Third World Summit on the Knowledge Society (WSKS 2010), Corfu, Greece, September 22-24, 2010This paper aims to identify generic competency levels relevant to a particular kind of knowledge workers: software engineers. Based on previous works, and in particular in the description of a professional career, authors review of the literature related to the characterization of the labor force in the Software Engineering (SE) domain. Subsequently, using a quantitative analysis based on investigative surveys administered to a number of representative professionals, authors provide with a generic competency ladder adapted to the given career description.Publicad
Body size, trophic position, and the coupling of different energy pathways across a saltmarsh landscape
Body size is considered an important structuring mechanism of food webs because consumers are usually larger and more mobile than their prey and may couple energy among habitats. We explored the links among trophic position (TP), body size, and the coupling of different energy channels (phytoplankton and C4-marsh plants) in a saltmarsh landscape in the northern Gulf of Mexico—a dynamic system considered weakly shaped by biotic interactions. Body size was positively associated with TP, and this relationship was stronger in the phytoplankton pathway vs. the C4-marsh pathway. There was a gradual increase in the coupling of phytoplankton and C4-marsh plants at larger body sizes and higher TP. Phytoplankton supported longer food chains and larger body sizes than C4-marsh plants. Results support predictions of the landscape theory for food web architecture and indicate that the role of body size in determining trophic interactions may vary across food web compartments
Significant differential gene duplication without ancestral tetraploidy in a genus of mexican fish
A comparison of the protein products of 20–25 structural gene loci among the known species of the goodeid fish genus Skiffia suggests that at least 4 loci (16–20%) have undergone species-specific duplications (or, in 1 case, apparent loss) during the evolution of the genus. The species are clearly diploids, and the data therefore indicate that even a large proportion of differentially duplicated loci within a group of related fish species is not critical evidence of common tetraploid ancestry. Differential duplication of structural gene loci may be an important component of the genetic differences that separate congeneric conventional diploid species.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42725/1/18_2005_Article_BF01953797.pd
The PHENIX Experiment at RHIC
The physics emphases of the PHENIX collaboration and the design and current
status of the PHENIX detector are discussed. The plan of the collaboration for
making the most effective use of the available luminosity in the first years of
RHIC operation is also presented.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. Further details of the PHENIX physics program
available at http://www.rhic.bnl.gov/phenix
Suitable methods for landscape evaluation and valorization: the third dimension in landscape metrics
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a second generation water Cherenkov
detector designed to determine whether the currently observed solar neutrino
deficit is a result of neutrino oscillations. The detector is unique in its use
of D2O as a detection medium, permitting it to make a solar model-independent
test of the neutrino oscillation hypothesis by comparison of the charged- and
neutral-current interaction rates. In this paper the physical properties,
construction, and preliminary operation of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are
described. Data and predicted operating parameters are provided whenever
possible.Comment: 58 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Nucl. Inst. Meth. Uses elsart and
epsf style files. For additional information about SNO see
http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca . This version has some new reference
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