New Frontiers of Social Investment: Learning from the InterCement Experience

This is a case study done by the Dom Cabral Foundation evaluating the presence of Camargo Corrêa Institute programs and InterCement company Camargo Corrêa Group, in the municipality of Pedro Leopoldo (MG)

Magnetotelluric studies from two contrasting Brazilian basins: a reassessment of old data

Before the mid-1980s large numbers of magnetotelluric (MT) data were collected and interpreted without addressing the possible effects of near-surface (e.g. static) distortion contributions. In the intervening time, modelling and interpretation techniques have improved. There are many instances where extensive, processed tensor survey data of reasonable quality exist on various back-up media. Before any complete reanalysis of these often large data sets, it is useful to investigate the degree of the distortion effects and the approximate degree of resolution of the data. Such assessment should help to clarify whether a full tensorial reanalysis is worthwhile. The present study provides contrasting examples of the reappraisal of old data sets collected in two Brazilian basins, both with associated seismic reflection profiles and deep exploration well-logs. Both examples use 'simplified' data consisting of only the off-diagonal tensor elements. These data are used in a limited way to assess static distortion and their intrinsic resolution capabilities. In the first example, from the basalt-covered Parana basin, a very high degree of static distortion is displayed. The application of simple distortion correction techniques allow the data to define the main (vertical) geoelectric units of the basin. In the second example, from the Solimoes basin in northern Brazil, static distortion, although less severe, can be readily identified. In this complex petroleum province the resolution of structure, both vertical and lateral, is of very low order. The MT data appear 'blind' to the detail of the Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks, and more detailed reanalysis is probably not warranted

Magnetotelluric imaging of basalt-covered sediments

The magnetotelluric (MT) technique has evolved as a tool in difficult exploration problems such as seismic poor record areas (Orange 1989) and in frontier basin regions (Christopherson 1991). Since it is a deep-probing wavefield technique, MT can assist in confirming the presence of deep sedimentary rocks and in providing estimates of the thickness of surface formations and the broad structural features of both sediments and basement

Occurrence of Pacora virus (PAC : Bunyaviridae : Bunyavirus-like) in Brazilian Amazonia : new findings

Instituto de Pesquisas do Amapá. Macapá, AP, Brasil.ORSTOM. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.The Pacora virus (PAC: Bunyaviridae: Bunyavirus - like), was known only through some isolates obtained from mosquitoes (Culex dunni) in Panama, and two isolates obtained in the Brazilian Amazon region from the sylvatic birds Phlegopsis nigromaculata and Automolus ochrolaemus. In order to add to the knowledge of the arboviruses cycles, mosquitoes were collected in the Zoobotanical Park of Macapá (Amapá State), from August, 18th to September, 11th, in areas of rain forest and savannah. The collections were done at both ground and canopy levels in the forest and at ground level in the savannah, with human bait and light traps. 5642 mosquitoes have been collected, of which 5580 (or 184 pools) have been inoculated intracerebrally in newborn mice. Two strains of PAC virus have been isolated from unidentified Culex mosquitoes. This result is the first report of PAC virus in Amapá State. The virus has also been isolated for the first time from mosquitoes in Brazil. Thus, the presence of the complete cycle of sylvatic transmission of this agent is confirmed in Brazilian Amazonia. The ecological data available for the hosts show that the virus circulates at the lower level in the rain forest (0-5 m) with mostly nocturnal mosquitoes as vectors.O vírus PAC era conhecido apenas por alguns isolamentos obtidos no Panamá, a partir de mosquitos (Culex dunni) e de dois isolamentos obtidos na Amazônia brasileira a partir de aves (PIdegogsis nigvoittnculntn e Autoniolus ochrolnemus). Com objetivo de aprimorar os conhecimentos sobre o ciclo silvestre de transmissão dos arbovirus foram realizadas coletas de mosquitos no Parque Zoobotânico de Macapá (AP), no período de 18/08 à 11/09/92, em uma área de floresta de terra firme e em uma área de savana. As coletas foram realizadas a nível do solo e da copa da floresta, e somente a nível do solo na savana, utilizando-se simultaneamente iscas humana e luminosa. De um total de 5640 mosquitos coletados, 5580 (184 lotes) foram inoculados intracerebralmente em camundongos recém-nascidos. Dois isolamentos do vírus PAC foram obtidos de dois lotes constituídos de 50 mosquitos indeterminados do gênero Culex. Além do primeiro registro da presença do vírus PAC no Estado do Amapá, os presentes achados confirmam a existência do ciclo completo de transmissão do vírus na Amazônia Brasileira. Os dados ecológicos disponíveis indicam que este vírus circula dentro dos estratos baixos (0-5 m) na floresta de terra firme, transmitido por mosquitos noturnos

New entomological and virological data on the vectors of sylvatic yellow fever in Brazil

Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement en Coopération. Belém, PA, Brasil / Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.O presente trabalho enfatiza resultados recentes sobre eco-epidemiologia da febre amarela, obtidos em duas localidades ecologicamente muito diferentes: Barcarena (PA), situada na floresta amazônica densa, e a região de Campo Grande (MS), coberta de cerrado atravessado por florestas de galeria na região Centro-oeste. No primeiro local foi isolada uma amostra a partir de um lote de 6 Haemagogus janthinomys. Na região de Campo Grande, 2. 480 mosquitos antropófilos foram coletados, dos quais cerca de 40% eram vetores potenciais da FA. Essas espécies, classificadas por ordem decrescente de abundãncia, eram: Ae. scapularis, Sa. chloropterus, Hg. janthinomys, Hg. leucocelaenus, Hg. spegazinii e Sa. soperi. Quatro amostras de FA foram isolados a partir de Hg. janthinomys, uma de Sa. chloropterus (primeiro registro na América do Sul), e uma de Sa. soperi (primeiro registro). As taxas mínimas de infecção variaram segundo os locais coleta, mas foram sempre alta comparação com dados anteriores. A taxa média de sobrevivência diária do Hg. janthinomys é igual a 0,9635, permitindo estimar o seu valor na ocasião em que os caso humanos mais recentes foram provavelmente contaminados. deduziu-se que as epizootias foram muito intensas e mais ou menos simultâneas nos dois locais considerados. O maior problema a ser resolvido é o modo de re-introdução do vírus, ou sua sobreviv~encia, em cada região sob estudo

Interpersonal dynamics in 2-vs-1 contexts of football: the effects of field location and player roles

This study analyzed the spatial-temporal interactions that sustained 2-vs-1 contexts in football at different field locations near the goal. Fifteen male players (under 15 years, age 13.2 ± 1.03 years, years of practice 4.2 ± 1.10 years), 5 defenders, 7 midfielders, and 3 attackers, participated in the study. Each participant performed a game to simulate a 2-vs-1 sub-phase as a ball carrier, second attacker, and defender at three different field locations, resulting in a total number of 142 trials. The movements of participants in each trial were recorded and digitized with TACTO software. Values of interpersonal distance between the ball carrier and defender and interpersonal angles between players and between the goal target, defender, and ball carrier were calculated. The results revealed a general main effect of field location. Generally, the middle zone revealed the lowest values of interpersonal distance and angle between players and the right zone and the highest values of interpersonal distance between players and interpersonal angle between players and the goal. Related with participants’ roles, defenders revealed subtle differences as attackers on interpersonal distances and relative angles compared with midfielders and attackers. Findings supported that field location is a key constraint of players’ performance and that players’ role constraint performance effectiveness in football

Nuevas fronteras de la inversión social: Aprendizajes de una experiencia

Este es un estudio de caso realizado por la Fundación Dom Cabral evaluar la presencia de programas de Camargo Corrêa Instituto y compañía InterCement Grupo Camargo Corrêa, en el municipio de Pedro Leopoldo (MG)

Corrosion inhibition of aluminium alloys by layered double hydroxides: the role of copper

Layered double hydroxides represented by the general formula [M2 2+M3+(OH)6]+X1/n n-.zH2O are being researched as anion-exchange materials with interesting intercalation chemistry that accommodate a wide range of applications, including corrosion resistance. In this work, it is shown that the formation of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) on the surface of copper-rich Al alloys promotes corrosion resistance. For that purpose a LDH of the type [M+M3+ 2(OH)6[An- 1/n].zH2O], where the intercalated cation is mono-valent Lithium is studied. In Aluminium 2024-T3 or Al-Li 8090, corrosion inhibition was achieved as a result of the formation of a LDH film: Al2Li(OH)7.2H2O or Al2Li(OH)62CO3.zH2O according to the precursor solution used. LDHś covered the entire surface of the mentioned alloys, mitigating the galvanic action between the matrix and Cu rich phases, usually responsible for corrosion of the localized type. Inhibition is demonstrated to be under diffusion control. Layered double hydroxides were characterised using Xray diffraction, FTIR and SEM. The role of copper is examined using an approach that includes a study on pure copper sample