Coatings of Nb-based Alloy by Cr and/or Al Pack Cementations and Its Oxidation Behavior in Air at 1273-1473 K

An Nb–5Mo–15W alloy (mass%) was surface-treated in vacuum by Cr and/or Al pack cementations, and the oxidation behavior of the coated alloys was investigated in air at temperatures up to 1473K for 32.4 ks. The Al packed alloy formed a coating layer with the outer NbAl2 and the inner Nb3Al, and showed poor oxidation resistance. The Cr packed alloy formed a coating with outer -Cr and inner Cr2Nb layer, and showed good oxidation resistance up to 1373K. The alloy packed with Cr and then Al formed a coating layer with outermost -Cr(Al), outer -Cr(Nb), and inner Cr2Nb layers, and this coated alloy showed good oxidation resistance up to 1473K by forming an Al2O3 scale

An immuno-wall microdevice exhibits rapid and sensitive detection of IDH1-R132H mutation specific to grade II and III gliomas

World Health Organization grade II and III gliomas most frequently occur in the central nervous system (CNS) in adults. Gliomas are not circumscribed; tumor edges are irregular and consist of tumor cells, normal brain tissue, and hyperplastic reactive glial cells. Therefore, the tumors are not fully resectable, resulting in recurrence, malignant progression, and eventual death. Approximately 69–80% of grade II and III gliomas harbor mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 gene (IDH1), of which 83–90% are found to be the IDH1-R132H mutation. Detection of the IDH1-R132H mutation should help in the differential diagnosis of grade II and III gliomas from other types of CNS tumors and help determine the boundary between the tumor and normal brain tissue. In this study, we established a highly sensitive antibody-based device, referred to as the immuno-wall, to detect the IDH1-R132H mutation in gliomas. The immuno-wall causes an immunoreaction in microchannels fabricated using a photo-polymerizing polymer. This microdevice enables the analysis of the IDH1 status with a small sample within 15 min with substantially high sensitivity. Our results suggested that 10% content of the IDH1-R132H mutation in a sample of 0.33 μl volume, with 500 ng protein, or from 500 cells is theoretically sufficient for the analysis. The immuno-wall device will enable the rapid and highly sensitive detection of the IDH1-R132H mutation in routine clinical practice