Systemic transport of Alfalfa mosaic virus can be mediated by the movement proteins of several viruses assigned to five genera of the 30K family

We previously showed that the movement protein (MP) gene of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is functionally exchangeable for the cell-to-cell transport of the corresponding genes of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Brome mosaic virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, Cucumber mosaic virus and Cowpea mosaic virus. We have analysed the capacity of the heterologous MPs to systemically transport the corresponding chimeric AMV genome. All MPs were competent in systemic transport but required the fusion at their C terminus of the coat protein-interacting C-terminal 44 aa (A44) of the AMV MP. Except for the TMV MP, the presence of the hybrid virus in upper leaves correlated with the capacity to move locally. These results suggest that all the MPs assigned to the 30K superfamily should be exchangeable not only for local virus movement but also for systemic transport when the A44 fragment is present.We thank L. Corachan for her excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by the Spanish granting agency DGICYT via grant BIO2011-25018 and by the Generalitat Valenciana via grant PROMETEO 2011-003.Fajardo, TVM.; Peiró Morell, A.; Pallás Benet, V.; Sanchez Navarro, JA. (2013). Systemic transport of Alfalfa mosaic virus can be mediated by the movement proteins of several viruses assigned to five genera of the 30K family. Journal of General Virology. 94:677-681. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.048793-0S6776819

Complexo viral do alho: identificação de Potyvirus e Carlavirus na região central do Brasil

Garlic viruses often occur in complex infections in nature. In this study, a garlic virus complex, collected in fields in Brazil, was purified. RT-PCR was performed using specific primers designed from the consensus regions of the coat protein genes of Onion yellow dwarf virus, a garlic strain (OYDV-G) and Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV). cDNA of Garlic common latent virus (GCLV) was synthesized using oligo-dT and random primers. By these procedures individual garlic virus genomes were isolated and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence analysis associated with serological data reveals the presence of two Potyvirus OYDV-G and LYSV, and GCLV, a Carlavirus, simultaneously infecting garlic plants. Deduced amino acid sequences of the Brazilian isolates were compared with related viruses reported in different geographical regions of the world. The analysis showed closed relations considering the Brazilian isolates of OYDV-G and GCLV, and large divergence considering LYSV isolate. The detection of these virus species was confirmed by specific reactions observed when coat protein genes of the Brazilian isolates were used as probes in dot-blot and Southern blot hybridization assays. In field natural viral re-infection of virus-free garlic was evaluated.Infecções virais em alho são normalmente causadas por um complexo viral. Neste estudo, um complexo viral de alho, coletado em campo, foi purificado. Procedeu-se à amplificação por RT-PCR usando oligonucleotídeos desenhados para regiões-consenso dos genes das proteínas capsidiais de Onion yellow dwarf virus, estirpe do alho e de Leek yellow stripe virus. cDNA de Garlic common latent virus foi sintetizado usando oligo-dT e oligonucleotídeos aleatórios. Por estes procedimentos clones de diferentes espécies virais foram isolados e sequenciados. A análise das sequências nucleotídicas e os resultados sorológicos revelaram a presença dos Potyvirus OYDV-G e LYSV e do Carlavirus GCLV, simultaneamente infetando plantas de alho. As seqüências de aminoácidos deduzidos dos isolados brasileiros foram comparadas com aquelas de vírus relacionados, relatados em diferentes regiões do mundo. A análise mostrou pequena variabilidade em relação aos isolados brasileiros de OYDV-G e GCLV, e maior divergência em relação ao isolado de LYSV. A detecção destas espécies virais também foi obtida por reações específicas observadas quando o gene da proteína capsídica dos isolados brasileiros foi usado como sonda em ensaios de hibridização do tipo dot-blot e Southern blot. Em campo, a re-infecção natural de alho livre de vírus foi avaliada